美国火炬松优良家系引种试验研究

从美国引入火炬松种子园自由授粉的３３个优良家系进行引种试验。结果表明：家系间树高，胸径、单株材积生长量差异显著，经ＬＳＤ比较选择，仅有６个家系单株材积生长量优于商品种；家系前－后期树高生长相关性显著；家系的遗传力大于单株的遗传力。结果还显示，引进经人工选择的优良家系，还需经过引种区测试，并注意选择最适种源区，方能用于育种与生产。     

常山胡柚叶片DNA的抽提与分析

经反复实验，采用在抽提前加入一定量的抗氧化剂β－巯基乙醇，用冰冻的异丙醇来沉淀DNA，并增加氯仿／异戊醇抽提次数的所谓改良CTAB法，对常山胡柚叶片DNA抽提与分析，不仅成功提取到常山胡柚叶片DNA，而且所得的DNA浓度高、纯度好，20个试样的DNA苹均质量浓度为272.86μg/mL，平均每克鲜叶片可获DNA约82μg，纯度基本上都在1.4-1.8范围内，并经RAPD反应验证，完全能满足常规分子生物学分析的要求。     

Study on half-scale model test for light-frame shear wall

A half-scale model of a light-frame shear wall was developed to evaluate the racking performance of a fullscale shear wall (prototype). The effect of nail size on the performance of the shear wall was also investigated using models constructed with three types of nail. Materials for the model were determined through experimental methods, which included nail-head push-through, stud-to-sheathing nail connection, and static bending tests. Materials with which the model was made to be in similarity to the prototype were three-layer 4.8-mm plywood, 39.72-mm long nails, and 1 × 2 lumber cut from 2 × 4 studs. In accordance with ASTM E 72 and ASTM E 564, racking resistance tests were conducted on 20 shear walls. The results showed that the maximum load capacities of the prototype walls could be evaluated by the model without significantly different failure modes. Tests on the effect of nail size revealed that increasing the nail head diameter may improve the performance of shear walls.Parts of this paper were presented at the International Conference on Effective Utilization of Plantation Timber (ICEUPT'99), Chi-Tou, Taiwan, May 1999; and the World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE2000), Whistler, Canada, July–August 2000     

三倍体毛白杨的木材构造与材性的研究

对三倍体毛白杨的木材构造特征、纤维形态、基本密度进行了观察记载和测定，发现其生长轮宽度达2.5～3.0cm，纤维平均长度大于同年轮的其它杨木，基本密度小于毛白杨成熟材，木纤维的含量较高，同时纤维的壁腔比较小，所以三倍体毛白杨是一种较好的造纸和纤维工业原料。     

Analysis of the structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes by the specific13C tracer method

In the present study the specifically¹³C-enriched lignin precursors of biosynthesis (i.e., coniferin-[side chain–¹³C], coniferin-[side chain-–¹³C] and coniferin-[side chain-–¹³C]) were synthesized and administered exogeneously to ginkgo shoots (Ginkgo biloba L.) to obtain¹³C-enriched lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs). The specifically¹³C-enriched LCCs were isolated from the newly formed xylem of ginkgo shoots administered with the¹³C-enriched precursors and degraded by enzymes. Lignin-rich fractions, so called enzyme-degraded LCCs (EDLCCs), were obtained. By determining their¹³C-NMR spectra, information related to the chemical structure of lignin building units and linkages between phenylpropane units of lignin and carbohydrates were obtained. It was found that these precursors were incorporated in natural lignin successfully. Three lignin-carbohydrates linkages (i.e., ether type, ester type, ketal type) were found at the C -position of the side chain of phenylpropane units in ginkgo LCC. No lignin-carbohydrate bond at the C- or C-position of the lignin side chain was observed in the¹³C-NMR spectra of the¹³C-enriched LCCs. This fact indicates that a specific¹³C tracer technique can be useful in NMR study of the chemical structure of LCCs.Part of this paper was presented at the 5th Pacific Polymer Conference, Kyongju, Korea, October 1997     

萃取柿叶精油的工艺研究

通过单因素试验和正交试验研究了超临界流体萃取柿叶精油的影响因素,并对生产工艺进行了优化设计.试验结果表明,萃取压力、萃取温度、CO2流量、萃取时间对萃取得率的影响程度依次递减.最佳工艺条件为,100 g柿叶在萃取压力18 MPa、萃取温度50 ℃、CO2流量20 kg/h、萃取时间2.5 h,得率为3.1 %.用超临界CO2萃取柿叶精油比水蒸气法蒸馏的柿叶精油得率提高了55 %,萃取物纯度高,有浓郁的柿果香味,色淡黄.     

贵州省退耕还林工程生态效益监测与评价初探

通过对贵州省退耕还林10个生态效益监测网络县设置的100个坡面固定样地,以及5个典型县16个坡面径流场各生态指标2年观测数据的分析,得出退耕还林后监测区各生态指标的改善情况如下:退耕还林后2年内土壤侵蚀模数和流失量减少78%,监测区植被覆盖率由12.4%增加到38.7%,平均综合生态效益指数已由0.18上升到0.53。     

大茴香油聚合树脂的合成及应用研究

以乙酸乙酯为溶剂 ,无水AlCl3作催化剂 ,由大茴香油在室温下反应 4h ,合成了聚合物大茴香油聚合树脂 (简称PAOR) ,凝固点降低法测定了树脂的分子质量 ,对树脂进行IR、UV测试分析 ,并考察了树脂对桔皮色素的柱层析吸附分离性能。结果表明 ,合成树脂的分子质量约 1.0 2× 10 3,PAOR在 965cm- 1吸收峰减弱 ,在 70 0～ 80 0cm- 1之间出现 3个新峰 ;PAOR紫外最大吸收峰蓝移 11nm ,表明大茴香油中的双键参与了聚合反应 ,产物中存在芳环三取代物。讨论了反应机理 ,PAOR对桔皮色素有良好的吸附作用 ,树脂的重复使用性较好。     

第二代杉木林养分动态研究

根据连续定位观测所取得的数据,对4个小集水区第二代10年生杉木人工林生态系统中的养分循环进行了研究.结果表明.集水区由降水输入的N、P、K、Ca、Mg等营养元素总计为59.285kg/hm2a,径流输出为38.938kg/hm2a,净积累量为20.347kg/hm2a.与该林分7年生时相比,净积累量提高了7.2%,说明集水区第二代杉木林生态恢复处于进展的变化过程.