Fossil grass anthoecia within miocene rhinoceros skeletons: diet in an extinct species

Silicified anthoecia (fertile le'mmas and paleas) of grasses (Berriochloa communis, Berriochloa primaeva, and Berriohldoa cf. nova) were found in, the oral cavity and rib cage articulated skeletons of Teleoceras major buried in late Clarendonian volcanic ash in. Nebraska The plant fossils, thought to be food residues, help clarify, the enigmatic paleobiological role, of Teleocears, which had hippotamus-like porportions but very high-crowned teeth. Telecoceras was probably amphbious, but siliceous grasses formed a significant portion of its diet.     

Characteristics of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae Isolates and Some Epidemiological Findings on Porcine Haemophilus Pleuropneumonia in Saskatchewan

Thirty isolates of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae from clinical and slautherhouse cases of porcine Haemophilus pleuropneumonia in Saskatchewan as well as six isolates from British Columbia and Ontario were subjected to cultural, biochemical, serological and antibiotic sensitivity tests. All strains were Gram-negative pleomorphic rods or coccobacilli which grew only in the presence of V factor and all produced porphyrin from delta-aminolaevulinic acid. Biochemically, the organism was positive for urease, O-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranosidase and the fermentation of sucrose, mannitol, dextrose, lactose and xylose, but was usually negative for indole. Most strains of H. pleuropneumoniae were sensitive to chloramphenicol, furamazone, carbenicillin and ampicillin, but only about 50% were sensitive to tetracycline. Serotype 5 was more common than serotype 1 or the untyped strains among Saskatchewan isolates. In addition, serotype 3 was identified from British Columbia.

Retrospective epidemiological studies showed that Haemophilus pleuropneumonia occurred and recurred on farms in the Saskatoon and adjoining districts, serviced by the diagnostic laboratories of the Western College of Veterinary Medicine and that the disease was more common among three month old pigs during the fall-winter season.

     

Calanoid copepods, feeding currents, and the role of gravity

Feeding currents of free-swimming calanoid copepods, observed through an expanded krypton laser beam and a back-focus dark-field optical system, show that these planktonic animals generate a double shear field to help in detecting food. The interrelation between flow field, perception of food items, and body orientation explains why these animals are generally negatively buoyant.     

Lipoprotein electrophoresis differentiation of chylous and nonchylous pleural effusions in dogs and cats and its correlation with pleural effusion triglyceride concentration

Pleural effusions from 23 dogs and 25 cats hospitalized between November 1986 and April 1987 at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (VHUP) were classified as chylous (chylomicrons present) or nonchylous (chylomicrons absent) by the presence or absence, respectively, of a chylomicron band on lipoprotein electrophoresis gels of the effusions. Triglyceride concentrations, cholesterol concentrations, and cholesterol/triglyceride (C/T) ratios were compared between the chylous and nonchylous groups in each species. Cholesterol concentrations were not significantly different between chylous and nonchylous effusions in both dogs and cats. Cholesterol/triglyceride ratios of less than 1 were present in all dogs and cats with chylous effusions; however, 12% of dogs with nonchylous effusions and 50% of cats with nonchylous effusions also had a C/T ratio less than 1. Triglyceride concentrations accurately classified all effusions as chylous or nonchylous in both dogs and cats. Pleural effusions with triglyceride concentrations greater than l00 mg/dl were chylous in all cases, whereas, effusions with triglyceride concentrations less than l00 mg/dl were nonchylous in all cases.     

Epidermal patterns of the lemma in some fossil and living grasses and their phylogenetic significance

Morphological study of fossil grass anthoecia of Berriochloa and Nassella collected from Miocene-Pliocene strata in Kansas has revealed well-preserved epidermal structure. This seems to be the first micromorphological information known from fossil grass floral bracts. The epidermal pattern on the lemma in the fossils and their living counterparts are evidence in support of the view that the North American species of Stipa of the section Hesperostipa Elias and species of Piptochaetium have a common ancestry in Berriochloa, and that species of both taxa have been distinct from species of the Nassella, Oryzopsis, and other Stipa since at least the Miocene or Pliocene.     

毛花雀稗混播草地建植技术初探

试验探讨了建植毛花雀稗混播草地的最佳草种组合和播种量,结果表明,毛花雀稗(30cm×30cm≈7000株)+黑麦草(每667m2为0.5kg)+白三叶(每667m2为0.15kg)在独山气候条件下的生产性能显著高于其他组合。     

草地农业在宁夏农业种植结构调整中的切入点

论述宁夏农区耕地轮作牧草发展牧草种子业、草产业和生产绿肥的可行性,自然条件、利益、市场机遇,并推荐了适应宁夏地区种植的优良牧草种。     

吉安市早熟梨生产现状与发展策略

吉安市是江西果业生产重点市．2004年。全市果树面积4．8万hm^2．水果总产量17.8万t。近年来．吉安市根据江西省“南拮北梨”的水果产业布局思路，在突出抓好脐橙、遂川金桔（金柑）、三湖红桔和井冈蜜柚等特色果业生产的基础上，因地制宜．扬优乘势，重点在泰和、永新、吉水和峡江等梨生产基础较好的县发展了以翠冠梨为主的优质早熟梨．并取得了一定成效。     

GA3与GA4＋7及CPPU对巨峰葡萄果实发育的影响

GA3与GA4 7采用2种不同浓度，在花前10d、1d和盛花期对巨峰(Kyoho)葡萄进行无核处理，花后10d用GA，和CPPU以三种浓度组配进行膨大处理。各处理都使巨峰葡萄的无核率大幅度提高。GA3处理比GA4 7处理更有利于巨峰葡萄产生无核果。在GA3的处理中花前1d处理对其产生的无核效应明显大于花前10d和盛花期的处理，以花前1dGA，12．5mgL^-1 盛花后10dGA3 12．5mgL^-1效果最好，其无核率可达90．91％。GA4 7对提高巨峰葡萄的座果效果比较显著，以花前1dGA，25mgL^-1 盛花期GA325mgL^-1 CPPU20mgL^-1效果比较好，座果为对照的123．1％。在巨峰葡萄上，用GA3进行处理的果实有变长的趋势；而用GA4 7进行处理的则有果实变圆的趋势。膨大处理时，配施CPPU比单用GA3效果要好。