酵母菌C10产菊粉酶酶学性质的研究

采用菊粉酶活力测定的方法研究了酵母菌C10所产菊粉酶的酶学性质。该酶的最适温度和最适pH分别为50℃,5.5。在此条件下,该酶酶活力达到12.0U/mL,I/S值为14.0,其水解菊粉后低聚糖得率为29%。1.5%菊芋干粉为合成菊粉酶较好的诱导物;Mn2 ,Ca2 ,Mg2 对菊粉酶有激活作用,Zn2 ,Cu2 ,Fe2 有抑制作用。该菊粉酶中胞外酶,胞壁酶,胞内酶分布为7.5∶0.5∶2.0。研究了底物浓度对酶反应的影响,当底物浓度达到20mg/mL时,产物浓度基本不变,反应初速度达到最大值。     

西部开发与生态环境的保护和建设

分析了西部地区的自然生态背景及严重制约西部地区经济、社会发展的生态环境问题．同时还着重阐述了加强西部生态环境保护和建设的几项措施．     

中国农业信息网站的发展现状与评价

互联网农业信息网站的迅速发展目益受到人们的关注。搜索引擎技术的发展为在线统计农业信息网站信息提供了条件。本文采用元搜索结合网络爬行技术，采集互联网上农业网站信息，进行分类整理；对农业网站的数量、行业分布、地域分布、流量情况等进行了统计分析，对当前农业互联网发展现状进行了总结评价。     

深孔闸门后无压隧洞内消能工水流流态的数值模拟

采用流体体积函数法(VOF)处理水气交界面,与标准k-ε二方程紊流模型耦合,并采用结构网格与非结构网格结合的方式处理复杂的边界形状,模拟了加有消能栅的消力池前后的水流流态。通过模拟计算,得到不同工况下消力池及无压隧洞内的水流流态等,数值计算结果与模型试验吻合较好。     

Fertilization Management for Improving Quality Properties of Spring Wheat in Northeast China

Fertilization management to improve quality properties of spring wheat cultivars has received little research attention in Northeast China. In this study, the effects of different fertilization management regimes on the quality properties of spring wheat cultivar New Kehan 9 (Triticum aestivum L.) were investigated for two years. The results showed that fertilization consistently increased wheat yield, and the highest yield was obtained with addition of N, P and NPK fertilizers. The NPK treatment resulted in 50% more yield than the unfertilized plot. The average increases in protein content from NPK and NP at seeding + N at anthesis over no fertilization and NP fertilizers at seeding were 2.7% and 0.90% respectively. The highest protein yields were achieved in NPK and NPK + N treatments, and the lowest protein yield was observed in the no fertilizer treatment due to both low protein content and grain yield. Fertilization increased gliadins content, but decreased glutenins content, thus the gliadins/glutenins ratios were higher in the fertilization treatments. The most obvious effect of fertilization on kernel quality was the significant increase of hardness percentage. Although the dough rheological properties were not strongly changed by fertilization, dry gluten and wet gluten were significantly increased, and the highest bread volume and bread score were found in the NPK treatment in both years. The application of 3% urea at anthesis, or applying 45 kg ha-1 of potassium sulphate at seeding, with urea and diammonium phosphate as basal applications, significantly increased protein yield and improved quality properties of this wheat cultivar.     

替代烤烟漂浮育苗基质中草炭的试验研究*Ⅱ 基质中有机物料混配比例对烤烟漂浮育苗的影响

 以草炭、腐熟玉米秸、腐殖土为有机材料，珍珠岩、蛭石为无机材料的混配基质为材料，研究了不同有机物料配比对基质出苗率、烟苗生长发育以及烟苗成苗素质的影响，结果表明：（1）腐殖土和腐熟玉米秸的混配比例是影响该型基质综合育苗性能的主要因素，在试验设定的草炭水平下，基质的出苗率、烟苗苗色、烟苗生长速度与生长势以及烟苗成苗素质与腐殖土在基质中的添加比例成正比，与腐熟玉米秸的比例成反比；（2）该型基质中草炭的适宜混配比例是30%～40%（V），以40%为最佳；（3）草炭比例处于试验所设置的最低水平（10%，V）时，腐殖土+腐熟玉米秸为50%+20%的处理在基质出苗率和烟苗的生长发育以及烟苗的成苗素质方面与CK均不存在显著性差异，该处理对于本课题组正在进行的烤烟漂浮育苗替代草炭基质的研究工作具有一定的参考价值。     

多环芳烃污染土壤表面活性剂清洗及生物柴油强化

针对某焦化厂内高浓度多环芳烃污染土壤,以烷基苷(APG)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和曲拉通X-100(TX100)为表面活性剂代表物,采用静态平衡法和高效液相色谱分析,探索采用单一及混合表面活性剂清洗修复多环芳烃污染土壤,并考察生物柴油对多环芳烃去除效果的影响。结果表明,单一表面活性剂对土壤中多环芳烃去除率顺序为SDBS>APG>TX100。APG/SDBS混合处理及TX100/SDBS为9∶1混合处理提高了土壤中多环芳烃去除率,而APG/TX100混合处理没能提高多环芳烃去除率。生物柴油对TX100及TX100/SDBS去除多环芳烃效果没有明显提高,对APG及APG/TX100去除多环芳烃略有提高。当APG/SDBS为9∶1时,生物柴油可以使多环芳烃去除率从(63.3±2.0)%提高到(75.6±2.0)%。单一表面活性剂、混合表面活性剂、及表面活性剂-生物柴油乳液对多环芳烃各组分去除率比较类似,对菲的去除率最高,茚并[1,2,3-d]芘次之,其余相对较低。因此,建议采用APG/SDBS+生物柴油的混合体系对高浓度多环芳烃污染土壤进行修复。     

抗病和抗虫转基因植物的研究与应用概述

就抗病、抗虫转基因植物的类型，转基因的技术和方法，抗病抗虫转基因植物的应用和效益，存在的问题等方面进行了综述，并探讨了其未来的发展。     

The Sequence Variations of Intron-3 of the α-Amylase Gene in Adzuki Bean

This study describes variation of intron-3 of a-amylase gene from 156 breeds of adzuki beansusing SSCP(single-strand conformation polymorphism)analysis. Based on a-amylase gene structure and se-quence, A pair of PCR primers, F (CCTACATTCTAACACACCCT) and R (GCATATTGTGCCAGTACAAT)were designed to amplify intron-3 fragments of a-amylase gene. 14 variant types were detected, including 13,9, 10, 4 variant types in the wild, weed, locally cultivated and modern brought-up adzuki beans respectively,9, 8, 7 variant types of the wild adzuki beans from Japan, China and Korea respectively, and some other va-riant types in the local adzuki beans from China and Bhutan. 60 % of subjects of cultivated races were found tobe EE type in the experiment. In addition, sequence analysis of intron-3 of α-amylase gene from 8 varianttypes reveals the evolution process of various variant types in adzuki beans.     

老参地短期轮作技术体系的建立Ⅰ.人参西洋参轮作体系

老参地问题是制约参业发展的重大难题，笔者在总结前人关于老参地研究成果和经验的基础上，采取了测土施肥，有益微生物菌剂处理，酸碱度调整等土壤处理方法，成功地实现了老参地的短期再利用，建立了周期为1－3年的人参和西洋参的短期轮作体系。在处理后的老参地上种植西洋参，其长势，产量，病虫害及烧须情况，总皂苷含量等，与对照地新林土栽参无显著差异（P＞0．05）。并开展了中试规模的推广，试验结果显示，老参地短期轮作制是改造老参地的有效措施之一，该轮作技术方法应用简便，实用，可操作性强，轮作效果好。