华富苹果离体叶片再生的主要影响因素研究

以花药培养选育的富士品种"华富"组培苗的叶片为试材,研究了离体叶片诱导再生不定芽过程中不同激素种类与组合、暗处理时间等因素对不定芽再生率的影响。结果表明:试管苗继代培养3～4代,取顶部嫩叶3～4片,剪除叶片边缘,叶片以近轴面接种到最佳诱导再生培养基MS+TDZ 2.0mg/L+IAA 0.75mg/L+蔗糖30g/L,pH值5.8,黑暗培养10～15d后,转入光照培养条件下,再生率达83.3%～86.7%。再生不定芽分化15～20d后转接到增殖培养基MS+BA 0.5mg/L+IBA 0.1mg/L上,当不定芽长度约2cm时再转接到生根培养基1/2MS+IAA 1.0mg/L+蔗糖2%,15d后,生根率可达95.0%以上。     

黄土高原地区淤地坝拦沙分析方法研究进展

淤地坝是黄土高原地区水土流失治理中行之有效的沟道治理措施,其通过滞洪拦泥淤地的方式在减沙减蚀方面发挥着至关重要的作用。随着流域生态保护的日趋科学合理,有必要对淤地坝在不同阶段的拦沙量进行定量准确分析,以评估其在水土流失治理中真实具体的效益,为黄河流域高质量发展的精准施策提供参考依据。通过查阅国内外淤地坝相关研究,结合野外调查采样、室内上机测试以及后续相关研究经验,系统总结归纳当前淤地坝拦沙量分析的实地调查、地形测绘法、数理归因法、成因分析法、权重系数法、模型模拟法和指纹识别技术7种方法,阐述各方法原理、步骤、适用性、需要解决的问题等,并对未来淤地坝拦沙量分析进行展望,以期能为进一步精准定量分析淤地坝拦沙量提供参考。     

草鱼铜绿假单胞菌的鉴定及药物敏感性分析

从患病草鱼C tenopharyngodon idella体表病灶上分离到一株优势菌,经分离纯化培养制成细菌悬液,分别以腹腔注射和浸泡两种方式感染草鱼。结果表明：该菌株能感染草鱼,且具较强毒力,腹腔注射0.2mL该菌液（3×109cfu/mL）,可导致受试草鱼100%死亡;创伤浸泡感染（3×108cfu/mL）,死亡率也达100%,受感染鱼出现与自然感染相似的类似赤皮病症状。对该病菌进行形态特征观察和主要理化特性分析,初步鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌Pseudom onas aeruginosa。进一步对该菌进行分子鉴定,共选用16S rRNA、RNA聚合酶β亚单位（rpoB）和促旋酶亚单位蛋白（gyrB）3个基因进行鉴定分析。序列克隆与BLAST分析结果显示,这3个基因均与GenBank上登录的铜绿假单胞菌的相应序列具有很高的同源性,16S rRNA、rpoB和gyrB基因与已知铜绿假单胞菌相应序列的同源性分别在99%、98%和93%以上。综合生理生化与分子鉴定结果,可判定所分离的菌株为铜绿假单胞菌。药敏试验结果显示：该菌对阿米卡星、菌必治、氟哌酸和妥布霉素等11种药物高度敏感,对链霉素和庆大霉素中度敏感,对罗红霉素、红霉素、四环素、苯唑青霉素、新霉素和头孢氨苄等16种药物具有耐药性。     

栗山天牛的生物学特性及生物防治技术研究

结合野外观察和室内试验,对栗山天牛的生物学特性进行了观察研究。结果表明,栗山天牛羽化后未交配的雌成虫75.86%,怀有未成熟卵粒,平均未成熟卵为8.53粒/♀;成熟卵平均23.76粒/♀。产卵前期平均为4.6d,产卵期平均14.8d,产卵量平均33.2粒/♀。雌虫寿命平均22.3d,雄虫寿命略短,平均19.1d。栗山天牛危害主要分布在上坡、山脊和阳坡的栎树。人工捕捉是目前较为成熟的成虫防治技术,前期和盛期捕捉到的雌虫大多数怀卵量较大。利用寄生性天敌花绒寄甲防治天牛幼虫和蛹是主要的防治技术,前景广阔。     

KNO3、K2SO4及其混盐胁迫对辣椒幼苗生理生化特性的影响

为探讨日光温室土壤主要盐分对作物水分吸收、保护酶、渗透调节物质以及质膜透性的影响,以辣椒品种亮剑为研究试材,比较研究了50,100,150,200 mmol/L的KNO3,K2SO4及其混盐处理对辣椒幼苗茎叶和根系含水量、叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、脯氨酸(Pro)和可...     

建鲤组织蛋白酶L 的原核表达、纯化鉴定及多克隆抗体的制备

对原核表达的重组建鲤组织蛋白酶L(Cathepsin L,CAT L)蛋白进行尿素洗涤和Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化,该目的蛋白经300 mmol/L咪唑洗脱为单一峰,SDS-PAGE结合TSK-GEL G2000SWxl凝胶过滤高效液相色谱分析表明重组CAT L获得了高度纯化,分子量约28 k D,纯度超过95%。Z-Phe-Arg-MCA底物测活法显示该重组CAT L表现为半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性,能与其内源抑制因子Cystatin以1︰1的摩尔比结合,具有生物学活性。以纯化的重组CAT L蛋白免疫Balb/C小鼠获得抗血清,经ELISA法检测获得的CAT L抗血清效价高于1︰512000;Western blotting鉴定结果表明该抗体具有良好的特异性,能够识别原核表达的重组CAT L蛋白。免疫组织化学分析结果表明,该抗体还能识别建鲤小肠、肝胰脏、脾、背肌和心肌组织表达的内源性CAT L蛋白。因此可利用该抗体从蛋白水平检测CAT L在鱼类不同组织中的表达和分布情况。     

遮荫处理及恢复光照对白菜生长及活性氧代谢的影响

 以白菜耐弱光品种‘矮王’和不耐弱光品种‘绿优’为材料,研究遮荫处理及恢复光照过程中植株生长、活性氧代谢和抗氧化酶活性的变化。结果表明,遮荫处理后‘矮王’品种生长减缓, ‘绿优’品种生长停滞;2品种的MDA含量、O₂-. 产生速率和H₂O₂含量呈现先下降后上升的趋势, POD活性呈上升趋势,而SOD、CAT、APX等酶活呈先下降后上升的趋势;恢复生长光照后,2品种的 MDA含量、O₂-. 产生速率和H₂O₂含量均迅速上升,几种酶活也呈加速上升趋势。遮荫处理后期与恢复光照后‘绿优’的膜脂过氧化现象较‘矮王’严重,‘矮王’通过增加抗氧化酶活性,有效地减轻了膜脂过氧化程度。     

Relationship between airway inflammation and pulmonary arterial remodeling in rats with chronic bronchitis and emphysema

AIM:To study the effects of airway and pulmonary inflammation on pulmonary arterial remodeling in rats with chronic bronchitis (CB) and emphysema.METHODS:Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n=8): Group A: four-weeks CB and emphysema;Group B: six-weeks CB and emphysema group;Group C: normal control.The rat model of CB and emphysema was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and daily exposure to cigarette smog.The arterial blood gas analysis,pulmonary hemodynamics changes and cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured.The pathomorphological changes of airway inflammation,alveoli destruction and pulmonary arterial remodeling were observed by HE straining and triple straining.RESULTS:(1) The characteristic pathological changes of CB and emphysema were observed in group A and B.Neutrophils were the main cells infiltrated into the walls of airway in group A.Lymphocytes and macrophages were the main cells in group B.(2) Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP),mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP),the ratio of the weight of right ventricle/left ventricle and septum (RV/LV+S) in group A and B were significantly higher than those in group C (P<0.05).The amount of muscular artery (MA) in group A and B were significantly higher than that in group C (P<0.05).(3) In group A and B,the levels of MA,RVSP,mPAP and RV/LV+S was correlated positively with the average alveolar area,the total cell counts and differential cell counts of neutrophils,lymphocytes and macrophages in BALF,and the level of infiltration into the walls of airway,respectively (P<0.05).The positive correlation was observed with the percentage of neutrophils,lymphocytes and macrophages between group A and B (P<0.05).The amounts of MA were also correlated positively with RVSP,mPAP and RV/LV+S (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:(1) The pulmonary artery hypertension,the right ventricular hypertrophy and the pulmonary arterial remodeling appeared before hypoxia.These may be related with the degree of the pulmonary inflammation.(2) The characteristic of pulmonary arterial remodeling was small artery organization,and correlated positively with the changes of hemodynamics.     

河北省中国荷斯坦牛产奶和体型性状遗传参数分析

旨在探究河北省中国荷斯坦牛产奶和体型性状的遗传参数,为育种提供参考.本研究收集了2012-2018年河北省133个牛场8 891头中国荷斯坦母牛第一胎次的3个产奶性状记录(产奶量、乳脂率和乳蛋白率)和26个体型性状记录,利用DMU软件,以场年季、产犊月龄、鉴定年季和鉴定员效应为固定效应,以个体的加性遗传效应为随机效应,...     

Effect of Psammaplin A on in vitro Development of Bovine Aging Oocytes

To investigate the effect of histone deacetylation inhibitor Psammaplin A (PsA) on the development of bovine aging oocytes in vitro,oocytes were randomly divided into control group,aging group and 50 mmol/L PsA treated aging group (PsA group).Immunofluorescence staining and JC-1 were used to detect the blastocyst rate of bovine oocytes after parthenogenetic activation,the number of cells in blastocysts,apoptosis,reactive oxygen species (ROS),glutathione (GSH) and mitochondrial membrane potential intensity of embryos.The results showed that the blastocyst rate of the aging group was significantly lower than that of PsA and control groups (P<0.05).The blastocyst rate of PsA group was not significantly different from that of control group (P>0.05).The number of cells in the blastocysts of control group and PsA group were significantly higher than that of aging group (P<0.05).The number of cells in the blastocysts of PsA group was not significantly different from that of control group (P>0.05).The apoptosis rate in aging group was significantly higher than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05),the apoptosis rate of PsA group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The GSH level of MⅡ oocytes in aging group was significantly lower than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in GSH level between control and PsA groups (P>0.05).The ROS level of the embryos in aging group was significantly higher than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05).The ROS level in PsA group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The mitochondrial membrane potential of early embryos of aging group 4-8 cells was significantly lower than that of control and PsA groups (P<0.05).The mitochondrial membrane potential intensity of control group was significantly higher than that of PsA group (P<0.05).In summary,PsA could effectively delay the aging of bovine oocytes and improve the quality of oocytes.