新疆罗布泊嗜碱细菌的分离及其生理学特性的初步研究

从新疆罗布泊“大耳朵”地区的湖盆沉积物中分离得到151个细菌菌株。研究比较了不同培养基的分离效果,测定了嗜碱细菌生长的pH值范围,对不同碱性物质KOH、K2CO3、NaOH、Na2CO3的选择性和对NaCl、KCl的耐受性。结果表明,添加了罗布泊盐壳浸提物的培养基更有利于嗜碱细菌的富集培养和分离。分离菌株中专性嗜碱菌、兼性嗜碱菌和耐碱菌的比例分别为29.8%,39.7%和30.5%。54.3%的嗜碱菌菌株对4种碱性物质具有广泛的适应性,13.2%菌株对Na^＋有一定的依赖性,对含K^＋碱性物质敏感,只有1.9%的菌株对CO32-碱性物质敏感。77.1%嗜碱细菌可以耐受7%-15%的NaCl和10%-20%的KCl,具有较强的耐盐特性,其中是否存在嗜盐碱双极端因子的古菌,尚有待进一步研究确定。     

兔出血症病毒抗原捕获ELISA检测方法的建立

用兔出血症病毒（RHDV）单克隆抗体包被酶标板,以兔多克隆抗体作为夹心抗体,建立RHDV抗原捕获ELISA检测方法,优化反应条件并对该方法的敏感性、特异性、重复性、稳定性等指标进行了测试和评价。结果表明,单抗最佳包被质量浓度为1mg/L,兔多抗血清最佳质量浓度为4mg/L。本方法可特异性地检测出兔肝脏病料中的RHDV,纯化病毒的最低检出量为26μg/L。对已知阳性样品的检测显示,捕获ELISA检测的病毒滴度是HA试验的3～13倍。对67份可疑病料,捕获ELISA阳性检出率为62.7%,HA试验阳性检出率为55.2%。用不同批次包被的酶标板重复检测已知样品显示出良好的重复性。本方法敏感性、特异性、稳定性良好,可应用于RHDV的快速、批量、特异检测。     

土壤结皮对黑土区坡面产流产沙的影响

土壤结皮对坡面产流形成和侵蚀过程有重要的影响。基于室内人工模拟降雨试验,研究了土壤结皮对黑土区坡面产流产沙的影响。结果表明:土壤结皮促使坡面产流提前发生,但对坡面产流量的影响不甚明显;对坡面侵蚀产沙量却有明显的作用。试验条件下,5°坡面有土壤结皮处理的坡面侵蚀产沙量较无土壤结皮处理减少了54%。有土壤结皮处理的10°坡面,在降雨过程中结皮尚未破坏前,其坡面侵蚀产沙量较无土壤结皮处理的对照减少了40%;一旦土壤结皮被破坏,之后的坡面侵蚀产沙量较无土壤结皮处理的对照增加了46%;在整个降雨过程中,10°有土壤结皮处理的坡面侵蚀产沙量较无土壤结皮处理增加了16%。表明土壤结皮对坡面侵蚀的影响与地面坡度有密切关系。     

聚L-乳酸改性麦草共混物材料的研究

以聚L-乳酸(PLLA)和麦草(WS)为原料,以N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NMMO)为溶剂,采用溶液共混法制备了PLLA/WS共混物。首先将麦草溶解在NMMO后,再添加聚L-乳酸并溶解,制备聚L-乳酸与麦草的共混溶液。共混溶液采用浇膜法制备PLLA/WS共混物,采用差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射法、傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析和扫描电镜等方法对所得的共混物进行表征。结果表明,聚L-乳酸与麦草可以形成均匀的共混溶液。共混物中PLLA与麦草组分之间具有较强的相互作用,相容性较好。当共混物中PLLA的质量分数为50%时,共混物可以形成结晶结构,且随着PLLA含量的增加,其结晶更加完美,熔点与热稳定性提高。共混物薄膜断面结构较为致密,这说明PLLA与麦草相容性较好,混合均匀。通过调节聚L-乳酸和麦草的配比,可以制备不同性能的生物高分子材料。     

普陀水仙花大球栽培技术试验初报

对普陀水仙花采用优质种球繁育技术、湿生栽培技术、种球阉割技术、病害综合防治技术和氮、磷、钾合理配方施肥技术5项技术措施后,其病害减轻,分生球减少,主球的大球率从原来的30%以下提高到60%以上.     

西藏林芝地区藏式庭院绿化模式研究

对西藏林芝地区的藏式庭院景观进行了调查,结果表明:(1)藏式庭院注重观花花卉,以具有农业气息的园艺植物为主,力求自然及管护简易,不注重修剪;(2)造景注重花卉的形、色、花期及视觉审美,形成了以花卉配置为主要内容的"花园",其审美观念、造景风格与西方欧式庭院较为接近,在设计元素上重视植物,忽视水体设计;(3)草坪与观花类植物、果树及园艺作物相比,处于次要地位。     

高温胁迫下不同耐热性萝卜幼苗生理响应分析

利用耐热性差异显著的萝卜自交系为材料,研究了高温(38℃)胁迫下萝卜幼苗丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量变化与耐热性的关系。结果表明:高温处理前耐热材料中可溶性蛋白含量高于不耐热材料;可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸和MDA含量无显著差异。处理24、48、72h,耐热材料中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量均显著高于不耐热材料,MDA含量显著低于不耐热材料。处理24h,4个指标的含量都比处理前显著增加,可溶性蛋白含量在处理48、72h时逐渐降低,但耐热材料下降得较慢。与处理24h相比,处理48、72h时可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸和MDA含量在耐热材料中没有显著变化,而在不耐热材料中处理48h显著高于处理24h时的含量。表明这4个指标的含量变化能准确反映萝卜幼苗耐热性差异,可考虑用于萝卜幼苗的耐热性鉴定评价。     

Expression of miRNA-22 in ovarian cancer and effect of miRNA-22 over-expression on SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell proliferation,migration and invasion

AIM: To examine the expression of miRNA-22 in the ovarian tissues and the effect of miRNA-22 over-expression on the proliferation, migration and invasion in SKOV-3 cells. METHODS: The expression levels of miRNA-22 in different ovarian tissues and SKOV-3 cells were determined by qPCR. miRNA-22 was over-expressed by transfection of miRNA-22 mimic. The cell viability was examined by CCK-8 assay. The cell migration was measured by wound healing test. The cell invasion was analyzed by Transwell assay. The protein expression levels of VEGF and P53 were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the normal ovarian tissue, the expression level of miRNA-22 was remarkably decreased in the ovarian tumor tissues. After transfection with miRNA-22 mimic, the expression level of miRNA-22 in the SKOV-3 cells was significantly increased, while the cell viability, migration and invasion were obviously decreased. Moreover, the protein expression of VEGF and P53 was dramatically inhibited after over-expression of miRNA-22. CONCLUSION: The decreased miRNA-22 expression may be correlated with the development of ovarian can-cer. Over-expression of miRNA-22 decreases the cell viability, migration and invasion by reducing the protein expression of VEGF and P53.     

Role of PPARα/PGC-1α in doxorubicin induced mouse dilated cardio-myopathy

AIM: To investigate the changes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)α/peroxisome proliferator activated receptor coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) in doxorubicin (DOX) induced dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its effect on the energy metabolism and myocardial function in mice. METHODS: Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, DOX group, PPARα inhibitor group and PPARα agonist group. The DCM model was established by injection of DOX. The protein levels of PPARα/PGC-1α were detected. The PPARα inhibitor and PPARα agonist were used 2 weeks beforeinjection of DOX. The contents of adenine acid and phosphocreatine (Pcr) in the mitochondria were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The ANT activity was analyzed by the atractyloside-inhibitor stop technique. The changes of the echocardiography and hemodynamics were also observed. RESULTS: DOX induced DCM model was successfully established. The protein levels of PPARα and PGC-1α in control group were significantly higher than those in DOX group (P<0.05). Both of the high-energy phosphate contents and the transport activity of ANT were decreased in DOX group (P<0.05), and the hemodynamic parameters were disordered (P<0.01). Compared with DOX group, PPARα inhibitor pre-treatment significantly reduced the PPARα/PGC-1α expression. Meanwhile, high-energy phosphate contents in the mitochondria and the ANT transport activity of the mitochondria decreased, as well as the left ventricular function (P<0.05). On the other hand, PPARα agonist significantly increased the expression of PPARα and PGC-1α, and improved the transport activity of ANT. In addition, the hemodynamic parameters were ameliorated, but the high-energy phosphate contents of the mitochondria did not significantly change. CONCLUSION: PPARα/PGC-1α plays an important role in the regulation of ANT transport activity in dilated cardiomyopathy induced by DOX, and the activation of PPARα/PGC-1α has protective effects on the DCM induced by DOX.     

致病疫霉拮抗菌筛选及复合发酵液的抑菌作用研究

为了利用微生物源活性物质控制马铃薯晚疫病,对显著抑制致病疫霉菌丝生长的拮抗微生物进行了筛选,并研究其单一发酵液和复合发酵液对致病疫霉的抑制作用。结果表明:从36种微生物中筛选出了16种对致病疫霉菌丝生长有显著抑制作用的微生物,其中B3282(细菌)、枯草芽孢杆菌和A32810(放线菌)这3种微生物的抑菌率均在70%以上;A4228、A32912、A5253和A32914等4种放线菌的抑菌率均在60%以上。对36种微生物单一发酵液的抑菌试验表明:仅白菜黑斑病菌、梨黑斑病菌和A32914的发酵液对致病疫霉表现出较强的抑制作用,抑菌率分别为80.51%、70.20%和48.91%;进一步将36种单一发酵液两两复合后发现,部分复合发酵液表现出了明显的增效作用,其中抑菌率最高及增效作用最强的是梨黑斑病菌和白菜黑斑病菌浓度为10 mg/ mL的复合发酵液,抑菌率达90.38%。