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51.
Recently some attention has been paid to arsenic and antimony because these elements are polluting our environment (1, 2). The responses of crops to arsenic have been studied mainly from the view point of reduced growth due to arsenic toxicity (3). However little information on plant-antimony relations is available, although the chemical properties of arsenic are analogous to those of antimony. Thus, the present experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of widely graded-levels of arsenic an antimony in a culture solution on the growth of cabbage plants, which were selected as the experimental plant because their inner leaves are eaten by human beings. 相似文献
52.
A pot experiment with Maahas clay soil covered three consecutive crops. After uniform growth of the first crop, the soils were subjected to different moisture conditions during the dry season. Prolonged drying before wet season flooded rice stimulated increased release of mineral nitrogen but moistening of the dry soil for a dryland crop or by occasional rain during the dry season reduced nitrogen use from the soil in the next wet season. One cycle of alternate wet and dry soil preparation for 20 days before transplanting rice improved soil nitrogen availability and plant uptake of fertilizer nitrogen. The initial growth of rice was retarded after flooding the previously moist dryland or dried soil, but not in the continuously flooded soils. Losses of applied nitrogen were small in continuously flooded soils and were greater in the previously moist dryland and dry treatments. Uptake of soil nitrogen, however, was much higher in the air-dried soil treatment and in the dry with alternate wet and dry preparation treatments. Total nitrogen uptake (soil+fertilizer) was also greater in those dry treatments. Uptake of soil nitrogen in the wet-season crop was roughly proportional to the amounts of ammonia measured just before transplanting. The proportion of the uptake of immobilized fertilizer nitrogen to available soil nitrogen was constant among treatments. Release of immobilized fertilizer nitrogen was also greatly enhanced by soil drying. For 1976 wet-season crop, the availability of fertilizer nitrogen immobilized in the 1975 wet season was three times higher than that of native soil nitrogen. 相似文献
53.
Toshisuke Maruyama Iwao Hashimoto Hiroshi Takimoto Denichi Nakade 《Paddy and Water Environment》2009,7(2):151-159
This research proposes an assessment for nitrogen (N) pollution loads potential from farmland, based on comparison of N in
objective crop yields with standard fertilizer usage. N in the objective yield was calculated using the “Standard Table of
Food Composition in Japan”. Three findings were made by considering yields removed from farmland. First, paddy rice and beans
have a low pollution potential, with rice paddies showing a negative pollution potential for N (around −14 kg/ha). Second,
almost all vegetable and orchard crops tested had a high pollution potential for N, although this differed from crop to crop.
Third, our outcomes align well with farmland pollution potential and non-absorbed nitrogen (NAN) as defined by Nishio, although
the latter and indices rely on a laborious and complicated method. The correlation coefficients were 0.745 (R
2 = 0.555). These outcomes show the effectiveness of our proposed assessment for potential environmental pollution loads. 相似文献
54.
Nanako YAMASHITA-KAWANISHI Chia Yu CHANG James K CHAMBERS Kazuyuki UCHIDA Katsuaki SUGIURA Iwao KUKIMOTO Hui Wen CHANG Takeshi HAGA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(8):1229
Felis catus papillomavirus (FcaPV), especially type 2 (FcaPV2) is considered as one of the causative agents in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in cats. However, our previous study detected FcaPV3 and FcaPV4, but not FcaPV2 in feline SCCs collected in Japan, suggesting that the prevalence of FcaPV2 in SCC may vary depending on geographic locations. To evaluate this hypothesis, two conventional PCR reactions targeting E1 and E7 genes were performed to detect FcaPV2 in feline SCC samples collected in Taiwan and Japan. While 46.9% (23/49) of feline SCC cases from Taiwan were PCR positive for FcaPV2, only 8.6% (3/35) cases from Japan were positive. Our result suggests that the prevalence of FcaPV2 in feline SCCs may depend on the region. 相似文献
55.
N H Kumazawa K Iwao N Morimoto 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1992,54(2):243-247
Hemocytes of two marine neritid gastropods, Nerita albicilla and Heminerita japonica, were attracted chemotactically to live Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Escherichia coli strains. Chemotactic attraction of N. albicilla hemocytes was enhanced in the presence of N. albicilla plasma, while that of H. japonica hemocytes was not enhanced in the presence of H. japonica plasma. Chemotactic activity of the hemocytes seems to participate in the rapid elimination of V. parahaemolyticus from these gastropods. 相似文献
56.
Bulk cultures of canine peripheral blood lymphocytes with solid phase anti-CD3 antibody and recombinant interleukin-2 for use in immunotherapy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Itoh H Kakuta T Kudo T Sakonju I Hohdatsu T Ebina T Takase K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(3):329-333
Interleukin (IL)-2 can induce large numbers of lymphokine-activated killer cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), but IL-2 alone cannot induce proliferation of a large number of canine (c) PBL. We used the solid phase anti-CD3 antibody and soluble recombinant (r) IL-2 in order to establish a large scale culture method for cPBL. The number of lymphocytes seeded (3 x 10 (7)) increased to 1 x 10(9) after incubation for 10 days. The phenotype of cultured cPBL cells (after 2 weeks) showed a CD4(+) or CD8(+) predominant cell population. The cultured cell solutions were administered with physiological saline intravenously to each dog. After transfusion of the cultured cells, the cPBL counts, especially the number of CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD4(-)CD8 (-)(DN) cells increased significantly in the recipient dogs. Natural killer (NK) cells, gammadeltaT cells and B cells were considered to be present in the DN cell population. The NK cells and gammadeltaT cells showed no adverse reaction to the transfusion of the activated cPBL. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize the B cells present in the DN cell population by detecting CD21(+) cells. In conclusion, the bulk culture system of cPBL with rIL-2 and solid phase anti-CD3 antibody may be useful for the development of novel immunotherapy in dogs. 相似文献
57.
Yasuyuki Kubo Kazumi Suzuki Iwao Furusawa Masaski Yamamoto 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1985,23(1):47-55
Melanin biosynthesis by appressoria was studied in relation to their penetrating ability using tricyclazole [5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo(3,4-b)benzothiazole], pp 389 [4,5-dihydro-4-methyltetra-zolo(1,5-a)quinazolin-5-one], and pyroquilon [1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo(3,2,1-i,j)quinolin-4-one], and color mutants of Colletotrichum lagenarium. Tricyclazole at 100 μM inhibited melanin biosynthesis by appressoria of C. lagenairum 104-T, and caused accumulation of 3,4-dihydro-4,8-dihydroxy-1(2H)naphthalenone (DDN) in the culture medium. By contrast, DDN was not detected in culture media of tricyclazole-treated mutant 8015, which is defective in the enzyme involved in the conversion of scytalone to 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene (1,3,8-THN). Vermelone restored melanization of appressoria of albino mutant 79215 and of the parent strain 104-T treated with tricyclazole, pp 389, and pyroquilon; however, scytalone restored melanization only in appressoria of albino mutant 79215. These results indicate that tricyclazole, pp 389, and pyroquilon inhibit the conversion of 1,3,8-THN to vermelone in the melanin biosynthetic pathway of appressoria of C. lagenarium. Colorless appressoria formed in the presence of the three melanin-inhibiting chemicals germinated laterally on nitrocellulose membranes and rarely penetrated the membranes. On the other hand, when pigmented appressoria were restored by application of vermelone in the presence of the three chemicals, lateral germination of the appressoria was largely suppressed, and the membranes were effectively penetrated. From these results, it is concluded that the major effect of tricyclazole, pp 389, and pyroquilon on appressoria of C. lagenarium, causing failure of penetration, is the inhibition of melanization. Effects of the chemicals on other metabolic functions can be precluded as significant factors affecting the penetration process. 相似文献