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91.
92.
Hidekazu Yamada Yumei Kang Tomonori Aso Hiroshi Uesugi Tomokazu Fujimura Koyo Yonebayashi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):385-391
The chemical forms of selenium (Se) in soils derived from different parent rocks, and the stability of Se species in soils were investigated. Around 40% of the total Se occurred as organic Se on the average. Total selenite content was higher than that of total selenate. The content of organic Se decreased with heating of the soils at high temperatures, and most of it disappeared at heating temperatures above 500°C. However, the results of incubation experiments indicated that Se species were stable in soil, and that their chemical forms did not change appreciably with the variation of soil conditions. In soluble Se, organic Se accounted for about 50%, and in contrast to the total Se, the selenate content was higher than that of selenite. 相似文献
93.
Hidekazu Yamada Totsuya Kiriyama Yuji Onagawa Ikuko Hisamori Chiho Miyazaki Koyo Yonebayashi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):563-568
In order to analyze the behavior and phytoxicity of iodine in soil, the chemical forms of soil iodine must be identified. Therefore, a method for quantitative speciation of iodine in soil was proposed. Iodine extracted from soil samples with tetrametBPyIammonium hydroxide (TMAH) was separated into humic and fnalvic acid fractions at pH4 1.5 after the addition of ascorbic acid into the TMAH extract to reduce iodate into iodide. Since the iodide in the TMAH extract was recovered in the fdvic acid fraction by this procedure, iodine contained in the haamic acid fraction was considered to be organically bound. Podine in the fulvic acid fraction was separated into organic iodine bound to fnlvic acids and the total inorganic iodine. Furthermore, iodine soluble from soil in 0.1 mol L-1 potassium chloride was assumed to correspond to the amount of total iodide in soil, and from the difference in the concentration of total inorganic iodine and soluble iodide, the amount of iodate was calculated. By the application of this method, iodine in soil was separated into four fractions: organic iodine bound to humic acids, organic iodine bound to fulvic acids, iodate, and iodide. This speciation method was applied to two soils. It was found that s Barge proportion of iodine in soil occurred in an organicalPy bound form. 相似文献
94.
Ryohei Suzuki Hirotaka Matsumoto Takahiro Teshima Hidekazu Koyama 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2013,15(1):41-49
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to clinically assess myocardial deformations in dogs with chronic mitral valve insufficiency (CMVI) using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE).Animals87 dogs with CMVI.MethodsDogs were placed into 1 of 3 classes, based on the International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council classification. In addition, 20 weight- and age-matched healthy dogs were enrolled as controls. The dogs were examined for myocardial deformations using 2D-STE, and strain and strain rate in the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial directions were evaluated.ResultsClass II and III dogs had higher circumferential strain than class I dogs (P = 0.002 and P = 0.001, respectively) and controls (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Class III dogs had higher radial strain than class I dogs (P = 0.001) and controls (P < 0.001). Class III dogs had higher radial strain rate than class I dogs (P = 0.006) and controls (P = 0.001). Other deformations, including longitudinal deformations, were not significantly different between classes of CMVI or between CMVI dogs and controls.ConclusionsIn the clinical progression of CMVI in dogs, myocardial deformations, as assessed by 2D-STE, differed according to myocardial contractile direction. Thus, assessments of multidirectional myocardial deformations may be important for better assessment of clinical cardiac function in dogs with CMVI. 相似文献
95.
Ryohei Suzuki Hirotaka Matsumoto Takahiro Teshima Hidekazu Koyama 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2013,15(4):243-252
ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of age on myocardial function assessed by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) in healthy dogs.AnimalsThirty-two healthy Beagles were used.MethodsMyocardial function was assessed in each dog by using 2D-STE, and the results were compared between young and old dogs.ResultsThe myocardial deformations in systole, besides the apical rotation rate, were not significantly different between young and old dogs. In contrast, the early diastolic circumferential strain rate, basal rotation rate, and torsion rate were significantly lower in old dogs than in young dogs (P = 0.03, P = 0.033, and P = 0.015, respectively). Late diastolic longitudinal and radial strain rates were significantly higher in old dogs than in young dogs (P = 0.002 and P = 0.018, respectively).ConclusionsYoung and old dogs showed similar systolic myocardial deformations, but significant differences in the values of some diastolic deformation variables were found between young and old dogs, highlighting the need for using age-matched control subjects in studies of diastolic function. 相似文献
96.
Takahiro Teshima Hirotaka Matsumoto Kae Shigihara Harumi Sawada Masaki Michishita Kimimasa Takahashi Hidekazu Koyama 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2013,54(9):845-848
A 25-month-old Chihuahua dog with no clinical signs was evaluated for high serum liver enzymes. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a mass in the left hepatic medial lobe. The histological diagnosis reached using resected tissues was hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To the authors’ knowledge, this is the youngest dog diagnosed with HCC. 相似文献
97.
Hiroyuki Kobayashi Kazuki Nakashima Aiko Ishida Akane Ashihara Masaya Katsumata 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(6):489-495
We investigated the effects of a low crude protein (CP) diet and a low CP diet supplemented with synthetic essential amino acids (EAA) on the meat quality of broiler chickens. Twenty‐one‐day‐old chickens were assigned to one of three diets: control, low CP (LCP), or low CP supplemented with EAA (ELCP). The chickens received these diets for 10 days. The shear force value (SFV) and free glutamate content of the Pectoralis major muscle were measured as indicators of the meat toughness and taste. The collagen and crude fat content of the muscle and the cross‐sectional area of myofibers were measured to evaluate the effects of the LCP and ELCP diets on meat toughness. The SFV of the ELCP group was 47% lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01). However, the LCP diet did not affect the SFV. The collagen and crude fat content were not affected by the dietary treatment. The cross‐sectional area was lower in the LCP and ELCP groups (P < 0.05) than the control group. The free glutamate content of muscle was not affected by the dietary treatment. Thus, a low CP diet supplemented with EAA is an effective means of producing tender meat. 相似文献
98.
Kei’ichiro Iguchi Ken Fujimoto Hideki Kaeriyama Atsushi Tomiya Masahiro Enomoto Shin-ichiro Abe Toshinori Ishida 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(6):983-988
The Fukushima nuclear accident led to deposition of radionuclides into the freshwater fishery ground of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis. For the purpose of more comprehensive understanding of the radioactive contamination, cesium-137 (137Cs) was analyzed in running water, muddy sediment, attached algae, and ayu using samples from three river systems with different levels of contamination within Fukushima Prefecture in summer and autumn 2011. The amount of 137Cs contained in water as well as in sediment declined over an interval of two months, although the concentration in sediment samples was up to 10,000-fold higher than that in water samples. The changes in 137Cs concentration of algae showed different courses among the three river systems, the concentration being greater in autumn in the river systems with high and moderate radioactive contamination. 137Cs detected within a single stock of ayu appeared to be excreted rather rapidly with a calculated half-life of approximately 39 days, while the concentration ratio ranged from 103 to 104 l/kg, attaining higher levels than previously reported. These findings indicate that the most important pathway of 137Cs into ayu is via intake of algae as food but that the retention time of 137Cs inside ayu is relatively short. 相似文献
99.
Masahiko Ishida Masakazu Hara Nobuko Fukino Tomohiro Kakizaki Yasujiro Morimitsu 《Breeding Science》2014,64(1):48-59
Unique secondary metabolites, glucosinolates (S-glucopyranosyl thiohydroximates), are naturally occurring S-linked glucosides found mainly in Brassicaceae plants. They are enzymatically hydrolyzed to produce sulfate ions, D-glucose, and characteristic degradation products such as isothiocyanates. The functions of glucosinolates in the plants remain unclear, but isothiocyanates possessing a pungent or irritating taste and odor might be associated with plant defense from microbes. Isothiocyanates have been studied extensively in experimental in vitro and in vivo carcinogenesis models for their cancer chemopreventive properties. The beneficial isothiocyanates, glucosinolates that are functional for supporting human health, have received attention from many scientists studying plant breeding, plant physiology, plant genetics, and food functionality. This review presents a summary of recent topics related with glucosinolates in the Brassica family, along with a summary of the chemicals, metabolism, and genes of glucosinolates in Brassicaceae. The bioavailabilities of isothiocyanates from certain functional glucosinolates and the importance of breeding will be described with emphasis on glucosinolates. 相似文献
100.
Improved physical control of glyphosate‐resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) on rice paddy levees in Japan
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Valentina Dwi Suci Handayani Yuki Tanno Masayuki Yamashita Hiroyuki Tobina Minoru Ichihara Yoshiki Ishida Hitoshi Sawada 《Weed Biology and Management》2017,17(2):77-83
Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is a non‐native annual winter grass that has seriously infested rice paddy levees and wheat fields in Japan. Recently, glyphosate‐resistant Italian ryegrass was found on paddy levees in central Japan, thereby making control of the grass by using glyphosate less effective. In this study, physical control methods were tested that combined the timing and frequency of mowing in order to more effectively control glyphosate‐resistant Italian ryegrass on rice paddy levees. A 3 year field experiment was conducted from 2012 to 2014 in a western region of Shizuoka Prefecture, where glyphosate‐resistant Italian ryegrass has become dominant. Five treatments were tested: (i) mowing once before the flowering of the grass (i.e. conventional mowing measure); (ii) mowing once during flowering; (iii) mowing twice during flowering; (iv) glyphosate application before flowering (i.e. one of the conventional mowing measures); and (v) no treatment. The above‐ground biomass, seed production, soil seed bank and seedling occurrence of Italian ryegrass were measured to determine the effectiveness of these treatments. Mowing during the flowering period resulted in reduced above‐ground biomass, seed production and soil seed bank when compared with the other treatments. Additionally, mowing twice during the flowering period resulted in a lower seedling density than mowing once. The results suggest that, in this region, physical control by mowing during the flowering period would be more effective than conventional measures for controlling glyphosate‐resistant Italian ryegrass. 相似文献