Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Abiotic stress, especially drought and heat, affects cereal yields and wheat production worldwide, more particularly in West and South Asia, North... 相似文献
Amylase inhibitor activity was determined in four legume seeds which are widely consumed in Egypt. The effect of dehulling, heat treatment, soaking and germination were also assessed. The results showed that faba bean contained the highest activity of amylase inhibitor followed by cowpea, lentils, then chickpea. Dehulling resulted in raising the amylase inhibitor activities in all samples investigated, while heat treatment and cooking lowered it. Soaking for 10 h and germination eliminated completely the inhibitor from all samples. 相似文献
Recently, microalgal biotechnology has received increasing interests in producing valuable, sustainable and environmentally friendly bioproducts. The development of economically viable production processes entails resolving certain limitations of microalgal biotechnology, and fast evolving genetic engineering technologies have emerged as new tools to overcome these limitations. This review provides a synopsis of recent progress, current trends and emerging approaches of genetic engineering of microalgae for commercial applications, including production of pharmaceutical protein, lipid, carotenoids and biohydrogen, etc. Photochemistry improvement in microalgae and CO2 sequestration by microalgae via genetic engineering were also discussed since these subjects are closely entangled with commercial production of the above mentioned products. Although genetic engineering of microalgae is proved to be very effective in boosting performance of production in laboratory conditions, only limited success was achieved to be applicable to industry so far. With genetic engineering technologies advancing rapidly and intensive investigations going on, more bioproducts are expected to be produced by genetically modified microalgae and even much more to be prospected. 相似文献
The objective of the current study was to estimate covariance components of growth at different ages from birth to yearling in Barki lambs. A total of 16,496 records for body weights at birth (W0), 3 (W3), 6 (W6), 9 (W9), and 12 (12) months of age for Barki lambs were available. Two statistical approaches were used; multi-trait (MT) and random regression (RR) animal models assuming two random effects only, additive genetic effect (σ2a) and permanent environmental effect (σ2pe) of the animal. Regarding the RR model, Legendre polynomials (LP) of different orders for the random parts were compared in order to evaluate the most appropriate model. Bayesian information and Akaike information criteria suggested that the optimal RR model included the third order for fixed effect of lamb age and σ2pe, and fourth order of LP for σ2a (LP343). Estimates of direct heritability (h2a) from LP343 showed an ascending pattern, as it was 0.06 ± 0.03 for birth weight and reached to the peak at 9 months (0.42 ± 0.02). Thereafter, it declined again at the end of trajectory (12 months of age; 0.27 ± 0.03). The MT model showed a fluctuated pattern and lower estimates of h2a (0.19 ± 0.03, 0.11 ± 0.02, 0.12 ± 0.02, 0.11 ± 0.03, and 0.16 ± 0.04 for W0, W3, W6, W9, and W12, respectively). Considerably, similar ascending patterns of the ratio of σ2pe to phenotypic variance were reported from both RR (from 3 to 50%) and MT models (from 5 to 20%). Of interest, the RR model showed higher predicting ability of the breeding values compared with the MT model, which is an indicator for the suitability of RR models for analyzing the consecutive growth traits in sheep. Results suggested that the Barki sheep has a potential for genetic selection based on weight at different ages with selection likely to be more efficient at 9 months of age.
Investigation of the fruits of Khaya senegalensis resulted in the isolation of three new mexicanolide limonoids containing a rare conjugated diene lactone system named seneganolide A (1), 2-hydroxyseneganolide A (2) and 2-acetoxyseneganolide A (3). Two known limonoids, 3-deacetyl-7-deacetoxy-7-oxokhivorin (4) and methyl 6-hydroxyangolensate (5), were also found. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral methods. The antifungal activity of compounds 1, 3 and 5 was tested against the fungus Botrytis cinerea. 相似文献
Multivariate analyses were used to compare dairy production practices and their consequences on milk yield and profitability
in cattle farms from two representative regions of Morocco. A regular follow-up of 118 farms (48 in the Rabat-Salé suburban
belt and 70 in the Gharb irrigated perimeter) was undertaken to obtain accurate data. Results show significant differences
between the two regions. Intensive milk production was more frequent in the suburban zone (more concentrates and better annual
milk yield per cow). When conducting a “within-region” principal components analysis, farms’ discrimination appeared to take
into account all management variables (feeding, cattle sales, profitability), with no reference to farms’ structural parameters
(arable land and number of cattle). A typology of farms was then established using cluster analysis, with 4 distinct groups,
namely: a) concentrates wasters, b) farms with a relatively important milk yield per cow, c) deficit dairy farms and d) beef oriented farms. The last group included almost exclusively farms from the irrigated perimeter (5 out of 7). These results
indicate that dairy production promotion in Morocco requires more than just the intensification of forage production, but
should focus also on improving management practices. The extension of complete and balanced dairy rations is urgently needed
to enhance milk yield and profitability. 相似文献