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排序方式: 共有131条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Daniela Gabbia Marco Roverso Ilaria Zanotto Martina Colognesi Katia Sayaf Samantha Sarcognato Diletta Arcidiacono Alice Zaramella Stefano Realdon Nicola Ferri Maria Guido Francesco Paolo Russo Sara Bogialli Maria Carrara Sara De Martin 《Marine drugs》2022,20(9)
Recently, some preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the ability of brown seaweeds in reducing the risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Here, we analyzed the beneficial effect of a nutraceutical formulation containing a phytocomplex extracted from seaweeds and chromium picolinate in animal models of liver steatosis of differing severities (rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its complication, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)). This treatment led to a significant drop in hepatic fat deposition in both models (p < 0.01 vs. untreated animals), accompanied by a reduction in plasma inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, and C reactive protein, and myeloperoxidase expression in liver tissue. Furthermore, a modulation of the molecular pathways involved in lipid metabolism and storage was demonstrated, since we observed the significant reduction of the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase, diacylglycerol acyltransferases, the sterol-binding protein SREBP-1, and the lipid transporter perilipin-2, in both treated NAFLD and NASH rats in comparison to untreated ones. In conclusion, this nutraceutical product was effective in reducing liver steatosis and showed further beneficial effects on hepatic inflammation and glycemic control, which were particularly evident in rats characterized by a more severe condition, thus representing a therapeutic option for the treatment of NAFLD and NASH patients. 相似文献
72.
Pier Paolo Gatta Luca Parma Ilaria Guarniero Luciana Mandrioli Rubina Sirri Ramon Fontanillas Alessio Bonaldo 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(3):313-321
This study was undertaken to determine the influence of dietary protein levels on growth, feed utilization and liver histology in common sole. Four isoenergetic diets were formulated to contain four different crude protein levels: 39 (P39), 45 (P45), 51 (P51) and 57 (P57) % dry weight. Fifty animals per tank (initial weight 10.2 ± 0.4 g) were randomly distributed into twelve 500 litre square tanks (bottom surface: 5600 cm2) connected to a closed recirculation system. The diets were tested in triplicate for 84 days. At the end of the experiment, the final weight ranged from 19.6 (P39) to 25.4 g (P57). The specific growth rate showed statistical differences between groups, with the best results in the group fed diet P57 (1.07% day?1). Significant differences between groups were also recorded for the feed conversion ratio, with values of 1.31, 1.28, 1.12 and 0.94 in P39, P45, P51 and P57 respectively. Gross lipid efficiency was also significantly affected by the dietary treatment, with the highest value (42.07%) found in P57. Ammonia excretion, expressed as g 100 g?1 protein intake, was significantly lower for group P39 (2.46) than groups P51 (4.70) and P57 (4.75). Increased incidence of lipid droplets in hepatocytes was observed when the dietary protein levels increased and/or dietary lipid decreased. 相似文献
73.
Alba Pusino Ilaria Braschi Salvatore Petretto Carlo Gessa 《Pest management science》1999,55(4):479-481
Triasulfuron was degraded in aqueous solution by ultraviolet irradiation to yield 2-chloroethoxybenzene and (4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)urea. The reaction followed first-order kinetics. In sunlight, the reaction was slower and afforded these two photoproducts together with 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyltriazine and 2-(2-chloroethoxy)benzenesulfonamide. The latter compounds arise from hydrolytic cleavage of the sulfonylurea bridge of triasulfuron because of the acidity of the reaction medium due to the loss of sulfur dioxide. A mechanism which accounts for the formation of the photoproducts is proposed. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
74.
75.
Alessandra Boschi Cristina Arosio Ilaria Cucchi Fabio Bertini Marinella Catellani Giuliano Freddi 《Fibers and Polymers》2008,9(6):698-707
Different silk substrates in form of spun silk tops, nonwoven web, yarn, and fabric were coated with electrically conducting
doped polypyrrole (PPy) by in situ oxidative polymerization from an aqueous solution of pyrrole (Py) at room temperature using FeCl3 as catalyst. PPy-coated silk materials were characterized by optical (OM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy,
and thermal analysis (DSC, TG). OM and SEM showed that PPy completely coated the surface of individual silk fibers and that
the polymerization process occurred only at the fiber surface and not in the bulk. Dendrite-like aggregates of PPy adhered
to the fiber surface, with the exception of the sample first polymerized in the form of tops and then spun into yarn using
conventional industrial machines. FT-IR (ATR mode) showed a mixed spectral pattern with bands typical of silk and PPy overlapping
over the entire wavenumbers range. DSC and TG showed that PPy-coated silk fibers attained a significantly higher thermal stability
owing to the protective effect of the PPy layer against thermal degradation. The mechanical properties of silk fibers remained
unchanged upon polymerization of Py. The different PPy-coated silk materials displayed excellent electrical properties. After
exposition to atmospheric oxygen for two years a residual conductivity of 10–20 % was recorded. The conductivity decreased
sharply under the conditions of domestic washing with water, while it remained essentially unchanged upon dry cleaning. Abrasion
tests caused a limited increase of resistance. PPy-coated silk tops were successfully spun into yarn either pure or in blend
with untreated silk fibers. The resulting yarns maintained good electrical properties. 相似文献
76.
Benedetta Roatti Cesare Gessler Michele Perazzolli Ilaria Pertot 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,136(2):363-371
During Plasmopara viticola epidemics only few genotypes produce most of the secondary lesions and dominate in the population. Selection of dominant genotypes is hypothesized to be linked to environmental conditions and can occur rapidly, particularly if there is also difference between genotypes in terms of fitness and aggressiveness. Measurements of aggressiveness components can largely determine the rate of epidemic development, although the components of aggressiveness do not take into account potential direct competition between genotypes. Differences in aggressiveness have been also reported to be greater under non-optimal conditions suggesting for genotype adaptation to different conditions. To evaluate differences in latency at non-optimal conditions, we characterized genotypes deriving from different climatic regions at three different temperatures (15, 25 and 35 °C) and we found no differences. To investigate whether other factors may impact on competition between P. viticola genotypes, we evaluated polycyclic infections of P. viticola by co-inoculating three genotypes with similar aggressiveness components in two different co-inoculation experiments and an increasing prevalence of one of the two genotypes was observed. Competition was not related to the origin of the genotype and we hypothesize that competitive selection is modulated by differences in the secretion of effector molecules which can contribute to the establishment of dominant genotypes over an epidemic season. 相似文献
77.
Bernal J Martin MT Soto ME Nozal MJ Marotti I Dinelli G Bernal JL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(16):4017-4025
A simple and fast method has been developed and validated to measure glyphosate (GLYP) and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), which were previously derivatized with 9-fluorenylmethylchloroformate (FMOC-Cl), in maize plants using liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to fluorescence (FLD) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) detection. The method has shown to be consistent, reliable, precise, and efficient. Moreover, the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) reached with the proposed method for GLYP and AMPA are lower than the established maximum residue levels (MRLs). The validated method was applied to quantify GLYP and AMPA in genetically modified (GM) maize foliar treated with the herbicide. It has been found that the GLYP dissipation was mainly due to the progressive dilution effect after herbicide treatment. Finally, it was also observed that the GLYP residue dissipation trend in maize shoot (leaves and stem) tissue determined by LC-ESI-MS matched that determined by liquid scintillation. 相似文献
78.
E Boukouvala A Cariani GE Maes RG Sevilla V Verrez-Bagnis M Jérôme I Guarniero G Monios F Tinti FA Volckaert JM Bautista G Krey 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(32):7941-7948
Overlapping external morphometric characters easily confound the flatfishes Solea aegyptiaca and Solea solea (Soleidae) in areas of the Mediterranean Sea where both species live in sympatry. This leads to uncertainties in the fisheries and marketing of the species, in addition to misinterpretations in biogeography and conservation studies. This paper describes a simple restriction fragment length-based diagnostic test that differentiates S. solea from S. aegyptiaca, as well as from other species of the Soleidae family. Furthermore, the two species living in sympatry in the Gulf of Kavala (North Aegean Sea, Greece) present significant qualitative differences in muscle fatty acid composition, a property that can also be used to distinguish the two cryptic species. 相似文献
79.
A Geostatistical Approach to Assess Concentration and Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Urban Soils 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ilaria Guagliardi Domenico Cicchella Rosanna De Rosa 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(9):5983-5998
Characterization of spatial variation of heavy metals in urban soils is essential to identify pollution sources and potential risks to humans and the environment. While heavy metals concentration in soils depends also on the nature of bedrock and on abiotic and biotic factors, it can be argued that nowadays, due to increasing human activities, it is determined mainly by anthropogenic sources. We determined concentrations and spatial distribution of heavy metals, with particular focus on those potentially toxic (As, Cr, Pb, V, and Zn), in urban and peri-urban soils of Cosenza-Rende (southern Italy). One hundred forty-nine samples of topsoil (0?C10?cm) were collected and analyzed for 36 elements by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In addition, 18 samples of rocks were collected on outcrops of whole area and analyzed by ICP-ES and ICP-MS. Geostatistical methods were used to map the concentrations of major oxides and several minor elements. Heavy metals in the analyzed samples showed a wide range of concentrations, primarily controlled by the geochemical composition of bedrock, with the notable exceptions of Cu, Pb, and Zn, whose concentrations are heavily affected by land use and anthropogenic pollution in urban areas. Geochemical analysis and spatial distribution showed that high concentrations of potentially toxic elements are found in soils near major roads, indicating that anthropogenic factors determine the anomalies in these areas. 相似文献
80.
Paolo Vassallo rea M Doglioli Fabrizio Rinaldi & Ilaria Beiso 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(2):119-126
Settled uneaten feed causes the most intense impact under sea cages, and settling velocity of the feed pellets represents a key parameter for waste dispersion models. Even if some data about physical properties of feed pellets have been published in the framework of salmonid rearing, there is a complete lack of information related to the Mediterranean Sea, as regards typical values of temperature, salinity and feed composition for Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.) and Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). In this study we try to fill this lack, determining dimensions, water adsorption properties, floating times and settling velocities of a typical growing sequence of pellets for the species mentioned above, under defined laboratory conditions reproducing Mediterranean Sea water. The settling velocity increases with pellet size from 0.087, for the smallest pellet (3 mm), to 0.144 m s?1, for the 5 mm pellet. The biggest extruded pellet (6 mm) falls slower (0.088 m s?1). The floating time before pellet's fall is found to be a critical parameter in determining settling velocity. The latter depends on pellet's size, water temperature and salinity. The examined pellets reach a 42% of weight increase after 10 min of immersion, while no appreciable dimension change is observed. Our results are in part different from previous ones and could play a role in evaluating and modelling Mediterranean aquaculture environmental impact. 相似文献