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101.
Effect of fermented total mixed rations on the growth performance,carcass and meat quality characteristics of Hanwoo steers
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Tae‐Il Kim Vijayakumar Mayakrishnan Dong‐Hyun Lim Jeong‐Ha Yeon Kwang‐Soo Baek 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(3):606-615
This study was conducted to assess the effects of fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) on the growth performance, carcass and meat quality traits of Hanwoo steers. The present study evidenced that the FTMR had a strong effect on dry matter intake, body weight, daily gain, slaughter weight and carcass characteristics compared with control animals. The results showed that the dry matter intake (7.17 ± 0.13 kg), average body weight (615.20 ± 112.82 kg), and daily gain (0.56 ± 0.16 kg) were greater in animals receiving FTMR than in control animals (P < 0.05). The meat quality characteristics indicated that cooking loss and the pH values did not vary between control and FTMR treated animals; however, animals in the treated groups (FTMR) had higher meat quality grades, carcass weight (396.13 ± 18.35), fat thickness (13.25 ± 1.75), marbling score (5.63 ± 0.56), meat color (40.06 ± 1.23), crude fat (18.39 ± 1.32) and sensory characteristics (flavor 5.03 ± 0.17; tenderness 4.42 ± 0.33; juiciness 5.10 ± 0.16). Nevertheless, the shear force values decreased significantly in FTMR‐treated animals compared with control group steers. Overall, FTMR may not only improve the growth performance, biochemical metabolites, and fatty and acetic acid profiles of steers, but may also enhance the carcass and meat quality characteristics of Hanwoo steers. Regarding economics, our research findings suggest that FTMR‐based feeds may enhance Hanwoo steer meat quality at a low cost. 相似文献
102.
Bottom-up forcing and the decline of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska: assessing the ocean climate hypothesis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ANDREW W. TRITES ARTHUR J. MILLER HERBERT D. G. MASCHNER MICHAEL A. ALEXANDER STEVEN J. BOGRAD JOHN A. CALDER ANTONIETTA CAPOTONDI KENNETH O. COYLE EMANUELE DI LORENZO BRUCE P. FINNEY EDWARD J. GREGR CHESTER E. GROSCH STEVEN R. HARE GEORGE L. HUNT JAIME JAHNCKE NANCY B. KACHEL HEY‐JIN KIM CAROL LADD NATHAN J. MANTUA CAREN MARZBAN WIESLAW MASLOWSKI ROY MENDELSSOHN DOUGLAS J. NEILSON STEPHEN R. OKKONEN JAMES E. OVERLAND KATHERINE L. REEDY‐MASCHNER THOMAS C. ROYER FRANKLIN B. SCHWING JULIAN X. L. WANG ARLISS J. WINSHIP 《Fisheries Oceanography》2007,16(1):46-67
Declines of Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) populations in the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska could be a consequence of physical oceanographic changes associated with the 1976–77 climate regime shift. Changes in ocean climate are hypothesized to have affected the quantity, quality, and accessibility of prey, which in turn may have affected the rates of birth and death of sea lions. Recent studies of the spatial and temporal variations in the ocean climate system of the North Pacific support this hypothesis. Ocean climate changes appear to have created adaptive opportunities for various species that are preyed upon by Steller sea lions at mid‐trophic levels. The east–west asymmetry of the oceanic response to climate forcing after 1976–77 is consistent with both the temporal aspect (populations decreased after the late 1970s) and the spatial aspect of the decline (western, but not eastern, sea lion populations decreased). These broad‐scale climate variations appear to be modulated by regionally sensitive biogeographic structures along the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska, which include a transition point from coastal to open‐ocean conditions at Samalga Pass westward along the Aleutian Islands. These transition points delineate distinct clusterings of different combinations of prey species, which are in turn correlated with differential population sizes and trajectories of Steller sea lions. Archaeological records spanning 4000 yr further indicate that sea lion populations have experienced major shifts in abundance in the past. Shifts in ocean climate are the most parsimonious underlying explanation for the broad suite of ecosystem changes that have been observed in the North Pacific Ocean in recent decades. 相似文献
103.
Yuxin YANG Jia GUO JinSoo KIM MyeongHyeon WANG ByungJo CHAE 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(2):169-177
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different growth rates on carcass characteristics and meat quality and their relationship with myogenesis and lipogenesis in finishing pigs. Pigs were slaughtered at the same age and were assigned to high (HGR) or low (LGR) growth rates with 120 kg or 110 kg final body weights at slaughter. The results indicated that pigs with HGR had heavier (P < 0.05) final body weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, backfat thickness, higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of fat in the muscle and higher (P < 0.05) total RNA concentration in muscle than pigs with LGR. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid synthase, malic enzyme, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 in fat were higher (P < 0.05) in pigs with HGR. Additionally, the mRNA expression of glycogen synthase in muscle was lower (P < 0.05) in pigs with HGR. These results indicate differences in postmortem myogenesis and lipogenesis traits of pigs with different growth rates; these differences in turn might have affected carcass characteristics and meat quality. 相似文献
104.
Starch-gel electrophoresis was used to resolve nine polymorphic enzyme loci from leaf tissue collected from 20 Korean populations
ofEurya japonica in order to determine differences in allele frequencies between male and female trees. In addition, 84 adults were sampled
and mapped in a population located on Naenaro Island in Korea to examine spatial genetic structure using spatial autocorrelation
analysis. Allele frequencies between males and females gave few contribution to the genetic structuring within populations.
Only nine (5%) of 180 cases were significantly different from both sexes in allele frequencies. On the other hand, Moran'sI was significantly different from the expected value in 31 (23.5%) of 132 cases. In the shortest distance (0<5m),I was significantly positive in 10 (22.7%) of 44 cases. The results indicate that a significant small scale genetic structure
was detected in the population and patch widths were inferred to be approximately 5–7 m. A nonrandom distribution of genotypes
may be indicative of restricted gene flowvia seed and pollen dispersal, and patchy establishments of genetically distinct individuals. These factors are responsible for
shaping population genetic structure ofE. japonica. 相似文献
105.
研究了泡桐(原变种)果实的化学成分。采用Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及薄层色谱等方法进行分离.从其70%丙酮提取物水溶性部分分离得到4种苯丙素苷化合物,经波谱分析及理化性质分析,化合物分别鉴定为:毛蕊花苷(1)、异毛蕊花苷(2)、campneosideⅡ(3)和isocampneosideⅡ(4)。化合物1和2首次从该植物中得到。抑菌活性试验结果表明,泡桐(原变种)果实中分离得到的苯丙素苷化合物、丙酮提取物、乙酸乙酯溶及水溶性部分具有较高的抑菌活性,其中,对革兰氏阳性菌中表皮葡萄球菌的抑制能力最强。 相似文献
106.
Ju-Won CHOI Su-Min KIM Jung-Hyun KIM 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(7):1107
A 12-year-old, 3.5-kg, intact female dog was presented with polyuria, polydipsia, and a pendulous abdomen. Laboratory examinations showed elevated hepatobiliary enzyme levels and neutrophilic leukocytosis. The adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test confirmed hyperadrenocorticism (HAC). Trilostane therapy managed the clinical condition and cortisol concentration. However, lymphocytosis and nonregenerative anemia developed after HAC remission. Bone marrow aspiration analysis revealed a lymphoproliferative disorder with a clonal T-cell population. Accordingly, the patient was diagnosed with T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and concurrent HAC. Thereafter, chemotherapy was initiated, which improved the lymphocytosis. However, euthanasia was performed because of worsening quality of life at 45 weeks after the first presentation. These results suggested that CLL could be masked by excessive endogenous cortisol and discovered after HAC remission. 相似文献
107.
Gyo Moon CHU Jeong Mo YANG Hoi Yun KIM Chung Hui KIM Young Min SONG 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(1):55-62
This study was conducted to investigate effects of fermented mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) by‐product diets on the growth performance and carcass traits in growing‐fattening Berkshire pigs. The fermented diets mainly contained 40.0% mushroom by‐product, 20.0% formula feed, 26.0% rice bran and supplemental 0.1% probiotics. The mixed ingredients were fermented for 5 days at room temperature. Berkshire pigs (n = 225) were divided into five groups and three replications. The basal diets (C) were substituted by 10% (T1), 30% (T2), 50% (T3) and 70% (T4) fermented mushroom by‐product diets. Crude protein concentration and total calorie in fermented diets were significantly increased (P < 0.05) at the end of fermentation days compared with initial fermentation day. Body weight gain, feed efficiency and carcass weight were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the T2, T3 and T4 groups than in the control group. Carcass grade was significantly better (P < 0.05) in the pigs fed fermented diets than in the pigs fed control diet and the ratio of high grade (1 plus 2 grades) was higher in the fermented diet groups compared with the control group. Therefore, although a diet of fermented mushroom by‐product decreased growth performance and feed efficiency, it improved the carcass grade in Berkshire pigs. 相似文献
108.
根迹土壤根诱导的化学变化对植物吸收重金属的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
It is increasingly recognized that metal bioavailability is a better indicator of the potential for phytoremediation than the total metal concentration in soils; therefore, an understanding of the inffuence of phytoremediation plants on metal dynamics at the soil-root interface is increasingly vital for the successful implementation of this remediation technique. In this study, we investigated the heavy metal and soil solution chemical changes at field moisture, after growth of either Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) or sunffower (Helianthus annuus L.), in long-term contaminated soils and the subsequent metal uptake by the selected plants. In addition, the fractions of free metal ions in soil solution were determined using the Donnan membrane technique. After plant growth soil solution pH increased by 0.2-1.4 units and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) increased by 1-99 mg L-1 in all soils examined. Soluble Cd and Zn decreased after Indian mustard growth in all soils examined, and this was attributed to increases in soil solution pH (by 0.9 units) after plant growth. Concentrations of soluble Cu and Pb decreased in acidic soils but increased in alkaline soils. This discrepancy was likely due to a competitive effect between plant-induced pH and DOC changes on the magnitude of metal solubility. The fractions of free Cd and Zn ranged from 7.2% to 32% and 6.4% to 73%, respectively, and they generally decreased as pH and DOC increased after plant growth. Metal uptake by plants was dependant on the soil solution metal concentration, which was governed by changes in pH and DOC induced by plant exudates, rather than on the total metal concentrations. Although plant uptake also varied with metal and soil types, overall soluble metal concentrations in the rhizosphere were mainly inffuenced by root-induced changes in pH and DOC which subsequently affected the metal uptake by plants. 相似文献
109.
[目的]该研究旨在研究云南高原粳稻和韩国粳稻在云南不同环境条件下稻米品质的变化特点。[方法]以10个云南粳稻和6个韩国粳稻品种为材料,研究了不同生态条件对云南和韩国粳稻主要品质及RVA谱特性的影响。[结果]云南和韩国粳稻各指标的变异系数均以消减值最大。云南粳稻的粒长、垩白率、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、碱消值、最终黏度、消减值和峰值时间的变异系数明显大于韩国粳稻,而其他品质指标则相反。随海拔升高,云南粳稻的粒长、粒宽、长宽比、精白度、直链淀粉含量、碱消值、最终黏度和回复值及韩国粳稻的粒长、粒宽、精白度、蛋白质含量、最高黏度、热浆黏度和崩解值明显降低,而云南粳稻的垩白率、蛋白质含量、热浆黏度和峰值时间及韩国粳稻的长宽比、直链淀粉含量、碱消值、消减值和回复值明显升高,但韩国粳稻的垩白率无明显变化。云南粳稻的最高黏度、崩解值和糊化温度及韩国粳稻的糊化温度随海拔升高呈先降后升趋势,而云南粳稻的消减值及韩国粳稻的最终黏度和峰值时间则表现相反趋势。[结论]该研究为云南高原粳稻的品质育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
110.
HYUK JUN MA DONG HYUN SHIN IN JUNG LEE JAE CHUL KOH SOON KI PARK KIL UNG KIM 《Weed Biology and Management》2006,6(4):189-196
The agronomic characteristics of a newly bred potent allelopathic rice, K21, including morphological appearance, resembled its female parent, Dongjinbyeo, except for 8 days' earlier heading and 9 cm shorter plant height. The water extract of K21 showed a greater inhibitory effect on the shoot and root growth of barnyardgrass than its female parent, but less than the male parent, Kouketsumochi. At the highest extract concentration of 5.0%, the inhibitory effect of K21 on the shoot growth of barnyardgrass was ≈ 64%, similar to its male parent. The dry weight of the barnyardgrass shoot was reduced by 13.0% when grown with K21 and 30.2% when grown with its male parent. There was no inhibitory effect on the shoot dry weight of barnyardgrass when grown with the female parent. The activity of cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase in K21 was ≈ 1.8-fold higher than that of the female parent, but significantly lower than that of the male parent. The ρ-coumaric acid content in K21 was ≈ 60% higher than that of the female parent, but it was about half of the male parent. The total amount of phenolic compounds in K21 was ≈ 11.5% higher than in the female parent, but about half of the male parent. The results obtained suggest that the newly bred K21 contains desirable allelopathic traits derived from the male parent, Kouketsumochi, and acceptable agronomic traits from its female parent, Dongjinbyeo. 相似文献