鸡黄病毒灭活疫苗的研制及免疫效果研究

鸡黄病毒FQ—C1株经SPF鸡胚连续传40代后,检测其尿囊液毒的ELD50达到1×10^-4.33／0．1mL。将该病毒第40代SPF鸡胚液毒灭活后制备成油乳剂灭活疫苗。SPF雏鸡和蛋鸡安全性试验表明,该疫苗的安全性好,无不良影响。以该疫苗一次单剂量（1mI／只）免疫开产蛋鸡,28d后攻以鸡黄病毒强毒测定疫苗的保护效果,结果显示疫苗免疫组较未免疫组蛋鸡的产蛋率高出75．8％,产蛋保护率达93．2％以上。试验表明,本研究制备的鸡黄病毒灭活疫苗安全性好,且具有良好的免疫原性,免疫后可有效抵抗鸡黄病毒所致的产蛋骤降。     

不同稻秸基质处理对高羊茅无土草皮成坪天数及坪用价值的影响

 运用五因素二次正交旋转组合设计法,研究不同处理稻秸基质（处理Ⅰ：稻秸＋ 猪粪便＋ 秸秆腐熟剂;处理Ⅱ：稻秸＋猪粪便;处理Ⅲ：稻秸＋ 尿素＋ 秸秆腐熟剂;处理Ⅳ：稻秸＋ 尿素）和不同基质厚度（１０,１５,２０,２５ 和３０ｍｍ）对草皮成坪天数的影响。结果表明,对成坪天数影响最大的是处理Ⅰ基质,其次是基质厚度,再者是处理Ⅲ基质,其他２种基质对成坪天数的影响最小。在坪用价值为限定条件下,得出最优基质组合,其配比为处理Ⅰ 为６００ｇ,处理Ⅱ为６００ｇ,处理Ⅲ 为０ｇ,处理Ⅳ 为６００ｇ,基质厚度为２０ ｍｍ,成坪时间为３６．３３ｄ,坪用价值权重值为１０８．６１。     

黄芪多糖对vAMV感染雏鸡SOD活性的影响

3日龄肉用AA雏鸡禽成髓细胞性白血病强毒（vAMV）人工感染后,禽成髓细胞性白血病（AMB）发病率86．7％、死亡率70．0％,脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊、心脏、肝脏、肾脏及性腺超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性与健康雏鸡相比,T－SOD和Mn－SOD活性于10日龄时明显升高（P＜0．01）,于17日龄后则显著降低（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）,而Cu,Zn－SOD活性无显著变化（P＞0．05）。vAMV感染雏鸡注射黄芪多糖,AMB发病率64．1％、死亡率是51．3％,同对照组相比,黄芪感染组的T－SOD、Mn－SOD及Cu,Zn－SOD活性初期无显著差异（P＞0．05）,中后期则明显升高（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）。     

Suspected air embolism through the thoracic ventral internal vertebral venous plexus during hemilaminectomy in dogs

Venous air embolism entering via the ventral internal vertebral venous plexus was suspected during thoracic spinal surgery in two dogs. In both cases, air was seen bubbling from a pool of blood on the floor of the vertebral canal accompanied by sudden cardiopulmonary disturbances: low end‐tidal carbon dioxide pressure, tachycardia and reduction in oxygen in the blood. One dog became dyspnoeic and one died.     

Association of breed and histopathological grade in canine mast cell tumours

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between breed and the histopathological grade of canine mast cell tumours (MCTs). A retrospective survey of pathology data of 9375 histopathologically confirmed diagnoses of cutaneous MCTs in the US was evaluated in the context of breed prevalence in over two million registered purebred dogs. Association of histopathological grade with breed, age, sex and spay/neuter status was assessed. The data indicate that the proportion of high‐grade tumours increases with advancing age, and that male and intact dogs have increased odds of developing high‐grade tumours. A significant difference in the proportion of high‐grade tumours between breeds was detected. The Pug was at significantly increased risk of developing low/intermediate‐grade tumours, but not high‐grade tumours, resulting in preponderance of less aggressive MCTs in this breed. The results of this study suggest a genetic association for the development of high‐grade MCTs.     

Effect of grape pomace on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of sweet sorghum silage

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of grape pomace (GP) with different adding levels (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, fresh matter basis), alone (GP‐LAB) or in combine with an inoculant LAB (GP+LAB), on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of sweet sorghum silage. After 90 days of ensiling in vacuumized mini‐silos, silages were subject to a 7‐day aerobic stability test, in which chemical, microbial and polyphenol composition were measured. In the GP‐LAB group, adding GP decreased (P < 0.05) concentrations of water‐soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and butyric acid in silage. In the GP+LAB group, adding GP increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of lactic acid, WSC and crude protein, decreased (P < 0.05) final pH value, NH₃‐N ratio and butyric acid concentration in silage. Polyphenol level was reduced (P < 0.05) after silage fermentation. During aerobic exposure, the fungi count, pH value and silage temperature increased (P < 0.05), the levels of lactic acid, acetic acid and polyphenols (quercetin 3‐O‐glucoside and quercetin 3‐O‐glucuronid) decreased (P < 0.05) in silage. GP+LAB treated silage had a lag phase for aerobic spoilage. When the fermentation products, microbial counts, chemical and polyphenol composition were considered, the use of 10% GP+LAB at ensiling could provide a valuable source for improved fermentation quality and aerobic stability of sweet sorghum silage.