昆明草坪草混播配方优化组合模式探讨

在昆明独特的气候条件下，通过对运动场草坪、观赏草坪和护坡草坪三类草坪混播配方的调查研究，探讨出了适应云南地区种植的9种优化组合。运动场草坪：草地早熟禾（Poapratensis L．）＋高羊茅（Festucaarundinacea Schreb．）＋多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne L．），草地早熟禾＋高羊茅，草地早熟禾＋狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon（L．）Pers、）＋多年生黑麦草；观赏草坪：草地早熟禾＋匍匐翦股颖（Agrostisstolonifera L．），草地早熟禾＋紫羊茅（Festuca rubraL．），草地早熟禾（优异）＋草地早熟禾（蓝月）＋草地早熟禾（新哥来得）＋草地早熟禾（肯塔基）；护坡草坪：高羊茅＋多年生黑麦草＋狗牙根，高羊茅＋多年生黑麦草＋狗牙根＋白三叶（Trifolium repens L．），高羊茅＋多年生黑麦草＋狗牙根＋白三叶＋紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L．）。     

Sporadic cases and an outbreak of leptospirosis probably associated with recreational activities in rivers in the northern part of Okinawa Main Island

In the summer of 2003, sporadic cases and an outbreak of human leptospirosis probably related to recreation in rivers occurred in the northern part of Okinawa Main Island. Sixteen of 22 suspected cases were definitely diagnosed as leptospirosis by serological test or isolation. The infective leptospiral serovar in 14 cases was presumed to be Hebdomadis. Transmission was thought to occur by exposure to river water that was contaminated by the urine of infected animals. The findings indicate that recreation in rivers in this area is a significant risk factor for infection with leptospires.     

Effects of administration of IH901, a ginsenoside intestinal metabolite,on muscular and pulmonary antioxidant functions after eccentric exercise

This study was conducted to investigate whether administration of IH901, a ginseng intestinal metabolite, ameliorates exercise-induced oxidative stress while preserving antioxidant defense capability in rat skeletal muscles and lung. Eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats per group were randomly assigned to the resting control, exercise control, resting with IH901 (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) consumption (R/IH901), or exercise with IH901 (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) consumption (E/IH901) group. The trained groups ran 35 min 2 days/week for 8 weeks. To analyze the IH901-training interaction, serum biochemical analysis, lipid peroxidation, citrate synthase, protein oxidation, antioxidant and superoxide dismutase in skeletal muscles and lung tissue were measured. Compared to the exercise control group, animals that consumed IH901 had significantly increased exercise endurance times (p < 0.05) and decreased plasma creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels (p < 0.05), while those in the E/IH901 groups had increased citrate synthase and anti-oxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, IH901 consumption in aging rats after eccentric exercise has beneficial effects on anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities through down-regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation and up-regulation of anti-oxidant enzymes.     

Effects of supplemental vitamin E during the mature period on the reproduction performance of Taiwan Native Chicken cockerels

One-day-old Taiwan native male chicks were fed with maize-soybean rearing diets without supplemental vitamin E to 23 weeks of age. From 23 to 52 weeks of age, the cockerels (n = 90) were assigned at random to 5 dietary treatments and fed with maize-soybean diets supplemented with 0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate). Pullets (225) of the same age were fed with standard diets throughout. They were artificially inseminated with one dose of 0.04 ml/bird intact and 5-fold diluted pooled semen at 31 to 43 weeks of age and at 49 weeks of age, respectively. The criteria evaluated included: semen quality, fertility and maximum and effective duration of fertility, blood characteristics, body and testes weight. Supplemental vitamin E did not affect cockerels' effective duration of fertility and percentage of fertility. However, when pullets were inseminated with diluted semen, supplementing 160 mg/kg vitamin E increased the maximum duration of fertility at 49 weeks of age. Cockerels receiving 40 to 160mg/kg supplements had higher sperm viability and motility after 39 weeks of age and those fed 80 mg/kg had higher sperm concentration at 39 weeks of age. Cockerels receiving supplements of more than 40 mg/kg vitamin E had higher body weight gain. Plasma cholesterol and testosterone were not affected by supplemental vitamin E. However, plasma luteinising hormone (LH) concentration was lower in cockerels fed 160 mg/kg. Lack of supplemental vitamin E over 39 weeks was associated with lower semen quality but did not reduce the proportion of fertile eggs laid by inseminated hens, perhaps because the insemination dose compensated for low sperm quality. We found that the maximum duration of fertility might be improved by supplementing 160 mg/kg vitamin E at 49 weeks of age.     

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS—PYLOROGASTRIC INTUSSUSCEPTION IN A DOG

A 7-year-old female Maltese presented for evaluation of severe vomiting. A diagnosis of pylorogastric intussusception was made during ultrasonographic examination. The intussusception spontaneously underwent reduction by the following morning.     

In vitro neuronal and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from human umbilical cord blood

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capabilities for self-renewal and differentiation into cells with the phenotypes of bone, cartilage, neurons and fat cells. These features of MSCs have attracted the attention of investigators for using MSCs for cell-based therapies to treat several human diseases. Because bone marrow-derived cells, which are a main source of MSCs, are not always acceptable due to a significant drop in their cell number and proliferative/differentiation capacity with age, human umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells are good substitutes for BMCs due to the immaturity of newborn cells. Although the isolation of hematopoietic stem cells from UCB has been well established, the isolation and characterization of MSCs from UCB still need to be established and evaluated. In this study, we isolated and characterized MSCs. UCB-derived mononuclear cells, which gave rise to adherent cells, exhibited either an osteoclast or a mesenchymal-like phenotype. The attached cells with mesenchymal phenotypes displayed fibroblast-like morphologies, and they expressed mesenchym-related antigens (SH2 and vimentin) and periodic acid Schiff activity. Also, UCB-derived MSCs were able to transdifferentiate into bone and 2 types of neuronal cells, in vitro. Therefore, it is suggested that the MSCs from UCB might be a good alternative to bone marrow cells for transplantation or cell therapy.     

乳酸杆菌在畜禽生产中的应用效果

乳酸杆菌是动物自身肠道中的正常菌株之一，可以通过生物拮抗作用、改善肠道微生物的生态环境、增强肠道上皮细胞的屏障层及提高动物的免疫功能等机制而在畜禽生产中发挥其益生素的作用。许多试验及实际应用都表明了乳酸杆菌作为单一制剂或复合制剂中的一种可以提高畜禽生产性能、发挥预防及治疗腹泻的作用，被国内外公认为有效的益生素。     

让警犬技术强警增效——记全国公安科技工作先进个人

2007年2月27日至28日,全国公安科技大会在北京举行。2月28日,大会对被授予"科技强警示范城市"称号的城市和公安科技"突出贡献奖"、"科技英才奖"、"科技先进集体"的获奖者和单位进行了表彰。中共中央政治局委员、国务委员、公安部部长周永康为受表彰单位和个人颁奖。周永康部长要求,公安机关要把科技强警作为“一把手工程”,加强领导,加大投入,完善公安科技管理机制,推动科技强警的深入开展。要树立人才资源是第一资源的观念,造就一支政治坚定、技术过硬、工作规范、作风严谨的公安科技队伍。广大公安科技工作者要发扬严谨求实、艰苦创业、团结协作、拼搏奉献的精神,学习新知识,掌握新技术,成为科技专家、技术能手。在警犬技术领域,就有这样一些政治坚定、技术过硬的科技专家、技术能手在平凡的警犬技术工作中,做出了不平凡的的贡献。大会的众多科技精英中,来自警犬技术战线的5名科技工作者荣获"全国公安科技工作先进个人"称号。他们分别是公安部警犬技术学校副校长李泰山、公安部南京警犬研究所科研管理科科长刘湖、公安部南昌警犬基地犬病防治所所长徐玉生、公安部昆明警犬基地副主任唐树生、新疆生产建设兵团公安局警犬基地主任张学坤。