香梓楠轻基质育苗试验

香梓楠为热带南亚热带珍贵优良用材树种,使用轻基质网袋育苗,具有重量轻、通气透水性好和方便种植等特点,可以提高造林成活率和降低造林成本。选择树皮和锯末为基质原料,经晒干、粉碎、过筛、堆沤后,按一定比例把拌匀的基质灌装至网袋内制成育苗容器。香梓楠种子经催芽后移植至容器内,注意淋水,保持湿润;每半个月施肥一次,以氮肥和复合肥为主,宜勤施薄施:当苗高约15 cm时,移疏苗木,并适时进行空气修根,促进侧根的生长;约11月中旬以后可实施炼苗,当苗龄达12个月,苗高达45cm以上时,苗木可出圃造林。     

家蚕一代杂交种出库方法和催青技术的实践与启示

<正>蚕种催青是将经过越冬解除滞育或经人工孵化法处理后的蚕卵(已经活化的)保护在合理的环境条件下,使胚子顺利地向着生产所需要的方向发育直     

车用柴油机动态排放的试验设计

目前,国内主要采用稳态试验反复测试和结合实际经验进行推断的方法对车用柴油机动态排放性能进行评估,不仅费用高、效率低,而且还具有一定的盲目性和局限性.为此,根据柴油机动态工况的特点,搭建了动态排放试验台架,采用正交设计的方法进行了试验方案设计,按照相关国标对某国产车用柴油机进行动态排放性能试验,并试验结果进行了分析和处理,为对车用柴油机动态排放性能进行正确的评估提供的参考.     

中山市资源节约型农业发展模式

本文以广东省中山市农业的发展为案例,定性分析了该地区发展节约型农业的模式,以及由此带来的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。在对中山市农业进行科学评价的基础上,确定了该市节约型农业的主要发展模式为：节地模式的土地流转和提高耕地质量,节水模式的微灌,节肥模式的测土配方。     

结合实际工作谈建筑信息模型（BIM）的意义及推广

论述了建筑信息模型（BIM）的概念,并结合实际工作说明了建筑信息模型（BIM）技术对建筑师、工程师日常工作的意义,提出了推广BIM的一些建议。     

Establishment of Efficient Regeneration System of Populus×euramericana cl.‘Bofeng’

Compared with the species of Leuce section,the difficulty in plant regeneration during tissue culture for the species of Aigeiros section is a key limiting factor for their application in genetic engineering of forest trees.In this study,the plant growth regulators combination,copper concentration,light intensity,and the selection pressures of kanamycin were investigated using leaves of Populus×euramericana cl.’Bofeng’ as explants,and a stable and high efficient regeneration system was established.Using this system,both the shoot regeneration rate and rooting rate were up to 100%,and the average number of differentiated shoots in each leaf explant was up to 20,and the survival rate of seedlings reached 98%.The optimal selection pressure of kanamycin in shoot inducement for leaf-explant was 40 mg·L^-1,and the optimal selection pressure of kanamycin in root inducement of adventitious bud was 20 mg·L^-1.The authors also found that differentiation rate of adventitious buds of P.×euramericana cl.’Bofeng’ could be significantly promoted by increased copper concentration,and this is the first report about the key role of copper（Cu） in explant regeneration of Poplars.This regeneration system with high frequency which was established by the authors was as good as that of species of Leuce section,and it provides a good technological platform for genetic engineering of forest tree which uses the species of Aigeiros section as model materials.     

寿竹埋鞭育苗繁殖试验

寿竹因其竹秆、笋、箨壳的经济价值极高,具有广阔的产业化开发前景。但是,由于寿竹开花不结实,竹秆节部无休眠芽(隐芽)和根点,大面积造林一直受制于种苗短缺的难题。从育苗时间、竹鞭鞭龄、覆盖措施、激素处理等方面试验研究了寿竹埋鞭育苗繁殖技术,结果表明:3月上旬埋鞭育苗效果最好,成苗株数和成苗率与其它育苗时段有显著差异;2年生、3年生竹鞭的育苗效果明显好于1年生的竹鞭,尤以2年生竹鞭最好;小拱棚覆盖较不覆盖提前发笋出苗12d,与其它3种覆盖措施的效果有显著差异,成苗率达77.9%,而其它3种覆盖处理的效果无明显差异;100×10-6ABT2号生根粉处理效果最好,成苗数较清水处理提高100%以上。     

Seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, southern China

Chlamydia spp. are obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria that cause a wide range of significant diseases in humans and animals worldwide, resulting in significant economic losses. Chlamydial infection in cattle has been reported in many countries including China. However, there has been no survey of chlamydial infection of dairy cattle in Guangzhou, southern China. The objective of the present investigation was to examine the chlamydial seroprevalence in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China by using an indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). The overall seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle was 7.25% (29/400). Greater than or equal to eight-yr-old dairy cattle had the highest seroprevalence (10.34%), followed by those that were ≥ 6 years old or < 7 years old dairy cattle (10.20%), although there were no statistically significant differences among different groups (P > 0.05). Dairy cattle with 5 pregnancies had the highest seroprevalence (10.81%). These results indicate that chlamydial infection was present in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China, and integrated strategies and measures should be executed to control and prevent chlamydial infection and disease outbreak in the study region.     

Agronomic performance of late-season rice under different tillage,straw, and nitrogen management

In double rice-cropping system in China, zero tillage in late-season rice with straw return from early season rice is an emerging technology for saving inputs, shortening the lag time between rice crops, avoiding straw burning, and conserving natural resources. The objective of this 2-year field study was to determine the effects of tillage and straw return on N uptake, grain yield, and N use efficiency of late-season rice. Treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with four combinations of tillage and straw return as main plots and three N management practices as subplots. Tillage was either conventional soil puddling or zero tillage with newly harvested crop residue from early season rice either removed or placed on the soil surface without incorporation. The N treatments were zero-N control, site-specific N management (SSNM), and farmers’ N-fertilizer practice (FFP). Straw return regardless of tillage or N management did not reduce rice yield. In the second year, straw return significantly increased grain yield in the zero-N control. Chlorophyll meter readings at heading and total N uptake at maturity were higher with straw return in the zero-N control, suggesting that straw provides nutrients to rice in the late growing period. Zero tillage did not reduce N uptake, grain yield, and N use efficiency compared with conventional tillage. Despite large differences in timing and rate of N application between FFP and SSNM, these two N treatments resulted in comparable N uptake and grain yield of late-season rice regardless of tillage and straw return. These results suggest that zero tillage after early rice with straw return could replace conventional tillage for late rice in the double rice-cropping system in China.     

Biological activity of the essential oil from the leaves of Piper sarmentosum Roxb. (Piperaceae) and its chemical constituents on Brontispa longissima (Gestro) (Coleoptera: Hispidae)

The results showed that the essential oil from Piper sarmentosum has strong antifeedant and toxicity effects on Brontispa longissima. The best antifeedant and contact toxicity effects were observed in the 1st-2nd instar larvae. The essential oil also displayed a notable fumigation effect on the eggs and pupae of B. longissima. It took the control-treated insects 43.34 d to complete one generation, while the insects treated with 2000 mg/L essential oil needed 73.58 d. The essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and 41 components were identified. Myristicin (65.22%) and trans-caryophyllene (13.89%) were the major components. Myristicin exhibited strong antifeedant and contact toxicity effects on both the 3rd instar larvae and the imagoes of B. longissima, when it showed a significant fumigation effect on the eggs and pupae of B. longissima. Another P. sarmentosum essential oil and myristicin all showed a strong inhibiting effect on the growth and development of B. longissima along with the activity of AChE, CarE, GSTs and Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase in B. longissima larvae.