犬瘟热RT-PCR快速诊断方法的建立

本研究建立了快速诊断犬瘟热感染的RT-PCR方法,并应用该方法对犬瘟热病死犬的脏器及感染犬体表采集样品进行了检测。为确定犬瘟热最佳的隔离检疫周期及采样部位,本研究对一例CDV攻毒犬感染病程收集的口鼻液、粪便、尿液样品进行了对比检测,结果证实粪便、口鼻液等易于获取的样品中CDV病毒滴度较高,并可在发病全程检测到,因此,它们可作为理想的受试样品。     

First report of seroprevalence of swine influenza a virus in Tibetan pigs in Tibet, China

Swine influenza A virus (SIV) is zoonotic pathogen that can be acquired by food-borne transmission because food animals, for example pigs, are recognized as a reservoir. The objectives of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of anti-SIV (H1N1 and H3N2) in Tibetan pigs in Tibet Nationality Autonomous Region, China, a region with cold weather and high altitude. A total of 421 serum samples were randomly collected from Tibetan pigs in Tibet and were evaluated for antibodies against SIV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Overall, 52 % (219/421) of the animals was positive for H1N1, 16.9 % (71/421) positive for H3N2, and 8.8 % (37/421) positive for both H1N1 and H3N2. The results of the present survey indicated that SIV is highly prevalent among Tibetan pigs in Tibet, China. The results of the present investigation have implications for the ongoing control of SIV infection in Tibetan pigs in Tibet, China and elsewhere.     

兔病毒性出血症鸡源高免蛋黄抗体的研究与应用

用兔病毒性出血症抗原免疫产蛋鸡,收集高免蛋,精制蛋黄抗体(IgY),采用血凝抑制试验(HI)测定IgY的最高滴度为15 1og2.通过IgY的被动免疫保护试验证实,IgY滴度稀释至13 1og2时肌肉注射体重2.0～2.5kg的健康非免家兔5.0mL/只,可抵抗兔病毒性出血症强毒RC株1.0mL(血凝价HA为9 1og2)的攻击.临床应用效果显示:IgY(HI为13 log2)对发病兔进行紧急防治,治愈率为84.38%～92.86%,能迅速控制疫情.     

广西雅长兰科植物分布区土壤理化性质

为了更好地繁殖和保存兰科植物的优良基因,在广西雅长兰科植物自然保护区,按兰科植物的水平分布及垂直分布状况,选择代表性的地段设置样地22个,分别取样测定土壤(0~20 cm)理化性质。结果表明,土壤密度为0.530~1.012 g.cm-3,平均值为0.794 g.cm-3;土壤总孔隙度为39.7%~62.9%,平均值为54.1%;土壤通气度为16.7%~34.4%,平均值为25.1%。土壤pH值为5.33~8.03;有机质质量分数为30.55~98.32 g.kg-1;全氮及水解氮质量分数分别为1.46~7.38 g.kg-1和191.40~713.40 mg.kg-1;全磷及有效磷质量分数分别为0.72~1.77 g.kg-1和0.80~6.30 mg.kg-1;全钾及速效钾质量分数分别为1.32~9.88 g.kg-1和25.30~99.80 mg.kg-1。从而充分表明,广西雅长兰科植物分布区土壤较疏松、通气性及透气性能良好。土壤中氮、磷、钾主要养分质量分数丰富。     

仔稚鱼营养需求的研究现状

目前,生物饵料依然是仔稚鱼的主要营养来源,商业化生产这些生物饵料需投入大量的设备和人力,而且受自然条件影响很大,所以难于保证培育苗种的需要。因此,大力研究开发营养全面,价格低廉,适合水生动物幼体摄食与消化的人工微粒饲料,以部分或全部替代活饵料,对推动水产养殖业的多     

从新疆哈密瓜分离到的烟草坏死病毒及其理化性质的研究

 从自然感病的哈密瓜上分离到的烟草坏死病毒(TNV),其寄主范围较广,在藜科、苋科、豆科和茄科一些植物上呈局部坏死反应,并在葫芦科一些植物上呈局部坏死斑和系统花叶症状。病毒的热灭活点为90~95℃,稀释限点10-5~10-6,体外保毒期在10天以上。病毒颗粒呈六角形,直径约25毫微米。提纯病毒的紫外吸收,最高260毫微米,最低为245毫微米;沉降常数为94s。从病毒提取的核酸的紫外吸收,最高为260毫微米,最低234毫微米;经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定,核酸分子量为1.4×10⁶;病毒蛋白的分子量为2.75×10⁴。经血清学试验,该病毒与烟草花叶病毒的A型和D型的抗血清发生沉淀反应,而与黄瓜坏死病毒的抗血清无沉淀反应。     

Study on polymorphisms of microsatellite DNA of six Chinese indigenous sheep and goat breeds

The genomes of six populations were screened using microsatellites as molecular markers, including Ujmuqin sheep, small-tailed Han sheep, Tan sheep, Hu sheep, Tong sheep and Yangtse River Delta (YRD) white goat. A total of seven microsatellite markers were used and genetic diversity and genetic distance were also determined. The results showed that there were 224 alleles in six populations, all seven loci showed polymorphism in all populations. The average heterozygosity of all populations was 0.949 9, and the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of all six populations was 0.842 5–0.929 4. The six sheep (goat) popualtions were lowly differentiated with all loci, and the coefficient of phaenotype differentiation (Fst) was 2.6%, which was consistent with the coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst). The global heterozygote deficit across of all populations (Fit) amounted to 0.5%. The overall significant deficit of heterozygotes because of inbreeding within breeds (Fis) amounted to −2.2%. Two Unweighted Pair-group Method using Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) dendrograms were constructed on the basis of Nei’s standard genetic distance (DS) and Nei’s genetic distance (DA) respectively. Hu sheep and Tong sheep were grouped at first, Ujmuqin sheep and small-tailed Han sheep clustered and then clustered with Tan sheep. Finally, Yangtse River Delta white goat joined in with all above. From this study, Ujmuqin sheep belongs to “Mongolia sheep” group, which corresponds with the historical records exactly. Ujmuqin sheep and small-tailed Han sheep, Tan sheep, Hu sheep and Tong sheep all vest in the “Mongolia sheep” group.     

等离子体处理对亚麻籽胶结构和功能特性的影响

为了揭示等离子体技术对亚麻籽胶的物理改性效应,该研究以5 mg/mL亚麻籽胶溶液为对象,比较了不同等离子体处理时间(0～120 s)对亚麻籽胶结构和功能特性的影响规律.结果发现,随着等离子体处理时间的延长,亚麻籽胶溶液pH值、Zeta电位绝对值和平均分子量逐渐减小,而对亚麻籽胶的多糖骨架结构和单糖组成无明显影响.等离子...