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101.
Jean K. Reichle DVM MS Richard A. Peterson II DVM Mary B. Mahaffey DVM MS Curtis G. Schelling VMD MS Paul Y. Barthez DVM PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(4):433-437
Four dogs with ureteral fibroepithelial polyps, ranging from 9-12 years of age, are presented in this report. The patients presented with urinary incontinence, urinary tract infection, and/or polydypsia and pollakiuria. All dogs were intact at the time of diagnosis or for the majority of their lives and three were male. Various diagnostic procedures were performed including ultrasonography, contrast radiography, and nuclear scintigraphy. Not all procedures were performed in all patients. Findings included ureteral dilation proximal to the level of an intraluminal mass and ipsilateral hydronephrosis. Unilateral ureteronephrectomy was performed in three dogs with masses in the proximal ureter; ureteral resection and anastamosis was performed in the remaining patient with a mass located in the distal ureter. The same pathologist (RAP) reviewed all four lesions. The lesions appeared polypoid and were attached to the ureteral wall by a thin stalk. Histopathologically, they contained a superficial layer of well-differentiated transitional epithelial cells overlying a prominent fibrovascular stroma with a mild (three dogs) or marked (one dog) degree of lymphoplasmacytic inflammation. This disease may represent a benign neoplasm or a chronic inflammatory reaction and has a good prognosis with surgical removal. Its histopathological characteristics, higher incidence in males, and location more commonly within the upper third of the ureter is remarkably similar to the disease in humans. 相似文献
102.
Exogenous eFSH, follicle coasting, and hCG as a novel superovulation regimen in mares 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
S.A. Welch MS D.J. Denniston PhD J.J. Hudson DVM MS J.E. Bruemmer PhD P.M. McCue DVM PhD E.L. Squires PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2006,26(6):262-270
The objective of this study was to evaluate various equine follicle-stimulating hormone (eFSH) treatment protocols and the effect of “follicle coasting” on ovulation and embryo recovery rates in mares. Cycling mares (n = 40) were randomly assigned to one of four groups 7 days after ovulation: (1) 12.5 mg eFSH twice daily until follicles were 35 mm or larger; (2) 12.5 mg eFSH twice daily until follicles were 32 mm or larger; (3) 12.5 mg eFSH twice daily for 3.5 days followed by 12.5 mg eFSH enriched with luteinizing hormone (LH) twice daily until follicles were 35 mm or larger; and (4) 25 mg eFSH once daily until follicles were 32 mm or larger. Mares in groups 1 and 3 were injected with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (2500 IU intravenously) at the end of eFSH treatment, whereas mares in groups 2 and 4 were given hCG approximately 42 and 54 hours, respectively, after the last eFSH treatment (“follicle coasting”). Nonsurgical embryo collection was performed 6.5 to 7.5 days after ovulation. Each mare experienced a nontreated estrous cycle before being reassigned to a second treatment. Ovulation rates for mares in treatment groups 1 to 4 were 3.3 ± 0.4, 4.1 ± 0.4, 3.5 ± 0.4, and 2.8 ± 0.4 (mean ± SEM; P < .05), respectively. One or more embryos were recovered from more than 80% of mares in each treatment group, and embryo recovery rate per flush was similar among treatment groups (1.9 ± 0.3, 2.6 ± 0.3, 1.9 ± 0.3 and 1.9 ± 0.3, respectively; P > .05). The overall embryo recovery rate was 2.1 ± 1.5 embryos per flush. In summary, ovulation rate was higher for mares treated with eFSH (3.4 ± 0.4) compared with non-treated controls (1.1 ± 0.2). Ovulation rate in mares in which hCG was delayed (follicle coasting) was higher (P < .05) when treatments were given twice per day versus once per day. Administration of equine luteinizing hormone (eLH) in conjunction with eFSH did not have an advantage over mares treated only with eFSH. 相似文献
103.
Christopher L. Mariani DVM Simon R. Platt BVMS MRCVS Susan M. Newell DVM MS Scott P. Terrell DVM Cheryl L. Chrisman DVM MS EDS Roger M. Clemmons DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(6):524-531
A 3-year-old neutered female mixed breed dog was examined because of severe, generalized seizure activity, tetraparesis, and encephalopathic signs. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) evaluation was unremarkable except for a mild increase in protein. Serum and CSF titers for infectious diseases were negative. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examination of the brain was performed and lesions were found within the cerebral gray matter of the temporal and parietal lobes. The lesions had increased signal intensity on T1, T2, and proton density-weighted images. There was mild inhomogeneous enhancement following intravenous contrast medium administration. Neurologic status improved and the seizures were well controlled, but the dog never regained normal mentation and euthanasia was performed 10 weeks after initial evaluation. At necropsy, severe cerebral cortical necrosis was found in the regions corresponding to the lesions seen on MR imaging examination. Large numbers of fat-containing macrophages (gitter cells) were found within these areas, and are thought to be responsible for the characteristic hyperintensity seen on the MR images. 相似文献
104.
Mary F. Thompson BVSc ; J. Catharine Scott-Moncrieff MA MS Vet MB Dip ACVIM; Daniel F. Hogan DVM Dip ACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2001,11(2):111-121
Objective: To review the thrombolytic agents most commonly used in humans, their mechanisms of action, potential uses, adverse effects, and reports of their use in dogs and cats.
Human data synthesis: Thrombolytic agents avaliable in human medicine include streptokinase, urokinase, tissueplasminogen activator (t-PA), single-chain urokinase plasma activator (scu-PA) and anisoylated plasminogen-strep-tokinase activator complex (APSAC). These agents were originally used for the management of proximal deep vein thrombosis and severe pulmonary embolism but more recently, use of these drugs has been extended to include the treatment of acute peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular disease (stroke) and acute coronary thrombosis. The most predictable side effect associated with the use of thrombolytic therapy is hemorrhage.
Veterinary data synthesis: Clinical experience with thrombolytic agents in small animals is limited to streptokinase and t-PA. It is possible, that as in humans, canine and feline patients with PTE and right ventricular dysfunction may benefit from thrombolytic therapy but there are no veterinary studies to support this theory to date. Successful use of streptokinase has been documented in a small number of canine patients with systemic thromboembolism.63 Thrombolytic therapy is relatively efficacious in cats with aortic thromboemboli but is associated with a high mortality rate. 59,60,64 With regard to use of t-PA in veterinary medicine, the small number of animals treated with varying protocols makes it impossible to provide safe and effective dose recommendations at this time.
Conclusions: Future goals for thrombolytic therapy in veterinary medicine include determination of more specific clinical indications, as well as design of effective protocols that minimize mortality and morbidity. 相似文献
Human data synthesis: Thrombolytic agents avaliable in human medicine include streptokinase, urokinase, tissueplasminogen activator (t-PA), single-chain urokinase plasma activator (scu-PA) and anisoylated plasminogen-strep-tokinase activator complex (APSAC). These agents were originally used for the management of proximal deep vein thrombosis and severe pulmonary embolism but more recently, use of these drugs has been extended to include the treatment of acute peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular disease (stroke) and acute coronary thrombosis. The most predictable side effect associated with the use of thrombolytic therapy is hemorrhage.
Veterinary data synthesis: Clinical experience with thrombolytic agents in small animals is limited to streptokinase and t-PA. It is possible, that as in humans, canine and feline patients with PTE and right ventricular dysfunction may benefit from thrombolytic therapy but there are no veterinary studies to support this theory to date. Successful use of streptokinase has been documented in a small number of canine patients with systemic thromboembolism.
Conclusions: Future goals for thrombolytic therapy in veterinary medicine include determination of more specific clinical indications, as well as design of effective protocols that minimize mortality and morbidity. 相似文献
105.
Paolo Porzio DVM MVetSc John W. Pharr DVM MS Andrew L. Allen DVM MVetSc PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(3):238-243
There are many indications for an intravenous excretory urogram. However, where intravenous access is not available, the intraosseous route to the circulation may be an alternative. We found that safe and diagnostic excretory urograms could be obtained in rabbits following the injection of different contrast media via the intraosseous route. In fact, these excretory urograms were indistinguishable from ones obtained by the conventional intravenous route. While the rabbits did not develop any abnormal clinical signs following the procedure, there were postmortem histologic lesions of osteochondrosis in 5 of 22 (22.7%) tibias receiving an intraosseous needle, but in none of the 14 tibias that did not receive an intraosseous needle. Further, the use of diatrizoate was associated with the development of osteochondrosis while the use of iopamidol was not. 相似文献
106.
Douglas J. Huber DVM MS Diplomate ABVP Erick L. Egger DVM Diplomate ACVS Susan P. James PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1999,28(4):260-267
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of knotting method on the mechanical properties of large diameter nonabsorbable monofilament suture materials. STUDY DESIGN: In vitro mechanical evaluation. METHODS: A conventional square knot was compared with the surgeon's knot, sliding half-hitch, and clamped square knot. Knotted suture loops were created in a uniform manner and acutely tensioned to failure (20 mm/min loading rate; n = 20 per knot type for each material). Stiffness, yield, and failure characteristics of USP #2 nylon, #2 polybutester, #2 polypropylene, 27 kg test monofilament nylon fishing line, and 27 kg nylon leader material were evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with a conventional square knot, a surgeon's knot decreased stiffness for #2 polypropylene, 27 kg fishing line, and 27 kg leader (P < .05). A sliding half-hitch weakened all materials except 27 kg leader (P < .05). Clamping the first throw of a square knot increased the stiffness of 27 kg leader loops (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Based on clinically relevant parameters (stiffness and yield), knotting method had no effect on #2 nylon and #2 polybutester. The surgeon's knot is not recommended for #2 polypropylene and 27 kg fishing line and leader material. A sliding half-hitch decreased the yield of leader material. Clamping the first throw of a square knot had no adverse effects on acute properties of tested materials; it increased the stiffness for leader material. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Knotting method does influence the structural properties of suture materials and should be considered when tying knots under tension. 相似文献
107.
Philip J. Johnson BVSc MS MRCVS David A. Wilson DVM MS Kevin G. Keegan DVM MS Kristan L. Purcell DVM Lorie A. Moore DVM MS John M. Kreeger DVM PhD Rebecca L. Frankeny VMD MS Jimmy C. Lattimer DVM PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1999,19(3):190
We retrospectively evaluated the medical records and obtained follow-up information for nine horses which had been treated for cecocolic intussusception (CCI) between January 1982 and April 1998. During the 16-year study period, CCI was diagnosed in nine of 748 horses in which exploratory celiotomy was undertaken for abdominal pain, representing an incidence of 1.2%. Most affected horses (78%) were less than four years of age (median age was 12 months, age range was five months to 15 years). Cecocolic intussusception affected male horses (78%) more commonly than female horses. The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain of a severe, acute nature or milder but recurrent signs of abdominal pain persisting in spite of conservative treatment for several days. Correction of CCI by either simple reduction or reduction followed by partial typhlectomy was successful if compromise of the intestine by devitalization and adhesion formation was not found at surgery. Definitive diagnosis of CCI necessitates exploratory celiotomy, although an ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen may confirm the diagnosis in some cases. When recognized early during the course of disease, surgical correction of CCI is associated with a favorable outcome; of the eight horses which underwent surgery in our series, five horses (63%) survived surgical correction of CCI. Handling of compromised gut during reduction of CCI necessitates extreme caution because the risk of intestinal tearing is quite high. 相似文献
108.
Survey of Victorian small ruminant herds for mycoplasmas associated with contagious agalactia and molecular characterisation of Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri isolates from one herd 下载免费PDF全文
OM Olaogun A Kanci SR Barber KA Tivendale PF Markham MS Marenda GF Browning 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(10):392-400
109.
Image magnification is inherent in radiography. In digital fluoroscopy, the three components of magnification are geometric, electronic and photographic. In this study, the total magnification factor of a digital imaging system was determined by two methods, 1) comparison of measurements of a known object to its image and 2) calculation of geometric, electronic and photographic magnification from the imaging system specifications. Both methods were employed for various focal-film distances, image intensifier tube modes and laser printer formats. Results of these two methods were different due to the detrimental effect of penumbra on image quality with increasing magnification. If a radiographic image is to be used to approximate object size, then a technique should be used that will minimize magnification. In digital fluoroscopy this is achieved with the shortest object-film distance (assuming a fixed focal-object distance), largest image intensifler mode and greatest number of images per sheet of film. 相似文献
110.
Marcelo Gómez DVM Larry Freeman DVM MS Jeryl Jones DVM PhD Otto Lanz DVM Pam Arnold 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(1):29-37
Computed tomographic (CT) venography of the cervical vertebral canal was performed in six, clinically normal, adult mixed-breed dogs from 14 to 23 kg. After dogs were euthanized and saline perfused, a gelatin and iothalamate mixture was injected into the right external jugular vein. Contiguous, 4-mm-thick CT images were obtained with dogs in sternal recumbency. Dogs were kept in the same position as for the CT scan and frozen to approximately -8 degrees C. All post-contrast CT images were analyzed using similar bone window and level settings. Additional multiplanar reformatted dorsal images were obtained in all dogs. The frozen cadavers were sectioned through the cervical region extending from the occiput to T1 at approximately 8-mm intervals. The frozen sections were then compared with the CT images. The CT appearance of the normal cervical vertebral venous system was described and illustrated. Components such as the internal vertebral venous plexus, interarcuate veins, intervertebral veins, and vertebral veins were clearly identified on the CT images. 相似文献