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排序方式: 共有941条查询结果,搜索用时 250 毫秒
931.
Katsuro Hagiwara Minoru Okamoto Wataru Kamitani Shiki Takamura Hiroyuki Taniyama Nobuo Tsunoda Hidetoshi Tanaka Hiroshi Iwai Kazuyoshi Ikuta 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,84(4):367-374
To investigate the prevalence of diseases in the Borna disease virus (BDV) antibody positive race horses, we undertook seroepidemiological studies of BDV infection on 125 culled race horses in Hokkaido, Japan. The serological study disclosed the presence of antibodies only to BDV-p40 or -p24 in 19.2% (24/125) and 3.2% (4/125) of culled horses, respectively. Antibodies to both BDV-p40 and -p24 were found in 24.0% (30/125) of these horses. Of particular note was the finding that locomotorium disorders were detectable at a significantly higher rate in BDV antibody positive horses than that in the seronegative horses. These results imply that BDV infection may possibly contribute to an increase in the incidence rate of locomotorium disorders in race horses. 相似文献
932.
933.
Tsunenori IRIKI Kazuyoshi TAMURA Mana ISHII Hiroyuki TANAKA Tsuyoshi MIYAMOTO Ken ONDA 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(6):655-661
The aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism by which ketone bodies increase antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion. Four male Holstein calves (5 weeks of age) were utilized. Four levels of butyrate (0 g, 11 g, 22 g and 44 g) were administrated intra‐ruminally in a 4 × 4 Latin square design and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF, six‐position lumbar puncture), blood plasma and urine were collected. The concentration of total plasma and CSF protein was 5.5–5.6 g/dL and 27.5–28.3 mg/dL, respectively. CSF concentrations of a specific ketone body, 3‐hydroxybutyric acid, were significantly higher in the 22 g and 44 g butyrate groups than in the control group. CSF concentrations of ADH in the 11 g and 44 g butyrate groups were significantly higher than in the control group. Plasma concentration of 3‐hydroxybutyric acid was increased by intraruminal administration of butyrate within 15 min in a dose‐dependent manner, and it was higher in the 22 g and 44 g butyrate group than in the control group from 15 min to 4 h. With the exception of the 11 g butyrate group, plasma concentrations of ADH also increased in response to butyrate treatment, and it was higher in the 44 g butyrate group than in the 22 g butyrate group from 15 min to 1.5 h. The duration of the elevated plasma concentrations of ADH was shorter than that of the plasma concentration of 3‐hydroxybutyric acid. The relationship between the plasma concentrations of ADH and 3‐hydroxybutyric acid was statistically significant but the correlation between the two concentrations was not high. Butyrate treatment elevated the plasma concentration of ADH and also resulted in reduced urine volume and increased urine osmolality. Haematocrit (Ht) values, and the osmolality of CSF and plasma were not different among the groups. Our results suggested that the increased ADH secretion observed in suckling calves fed dry feeds was caused by butyrate‐derived ketone body that crossed the blood‐brain barrier rapidly. 相似文献
934.
Yusuke TABATA Kazato OISHI Hajime KUMAGAI Hiroyuki HIROOKA 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(3):352-359
The objective of the present study was to apply two methods developed in ecology, the cycling index and input-output environs, to interpret nutrient flows in mixed rice-beef production systems. The cycling index (CI) was a quantitative measure of nutrient cycling. It was defined as the proportion of cycled nutrients to the total amount of nutrient flows. On the other hand, the input-output environs provide a quantitative distribution on a particular input or output. In this study, these methods were applied to the nutrient flows in the mixed rice-beef production systems in Japan. The results of CI provided information on the effects of nutrient cycling on the efficient conversion of nutrient imports to nutrient export. The results of input-output environs indicated that the indices represent indirect effects provided by the interaction between rice and beef production. In conclusion, these methods indicated new findings on nutrient utilization in the systems. The results of this study implied the further applicability of these two methods to the study of nutrient flows in mixed crop-animal production systems. 相似文献
935.
Ginsenosides separated by silica gel TLC blotted to a PVDF membrane that was treated with a NaIO4 solution followed by bovine serum albumin (BSA) resulted in a ginsenoside-BSA conjugate on a PVDF membrane. The blotted spots were stained by anti-ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1) and -Rg1 (G-Rg1) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). The newly established immunostaining method, Eastern blotting, was applied for the determination of ginsenosides possessing protopanaxadiol and/or protopanaxatriol in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This method developed a new way to separate the ginsenoside molecule into two functional parts using a simple and well-known chemical reaction. The sugar parts were oxidized by NaIO4 to give dialdehydes, which reacted with amino groups of the protein and covalently bound to the adsorbent PVDF membrane. The MAb bound to the aglycon part of the ginsenoside molecule for immunostaining. Double staining of Eastern blotting for ginsenosides using anti-G-Rb1 and -Rg1 MAbs promoted complete identification of ginsenosides in Panax species. The immunoaffinity concentration of G-Rb1 was deteremined by immunoaffinity column conjugated with anti-G-Rb1 MAb leading to the knock-out extract, which will be useful for the pharmacological investigation. To concentrate and determine G-Rb1 in P. japonicus, the crude extract of P. japonicus was fractionated by immunoaffinity column conjugated with anti-G-Rb1 MAb. Two ginsenosides, chikusetsusaponins III and IV having protopanaxadiol as an aglycon, were identified by Eastern blotting, although it was expected that G-Rb1 might be a component of P. japonicus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis. 相似文献
936.
Yasutoki Shibata Takashi Matsuishi Hiroto Murase Koji Matsuoka Takashi Hakamada Toshihide Kitakado Hiroyuki Matsuda 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(4):559-568
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of stratification of the survey region on the performance of species distribution models (SDMs) described by generalized linear models or generalized additive models when estimating school abundance by using a line transect survey. True covariates that define spatial school distribution are not always obtainable explanatory variables. When the true covariates differ from explanatory variables in the model, the explanatory variables are determined to be misspecified. We evaluated the performance of SDMs in abundance estimation with misspecified covariates by using dummy datasets for which the true abundance was known. Simulated replicates of spatial distributions of a whale school and sighting data were generated from possible scenarios motivated by the spatial school distribution of Antarctic minke whales Balaenoptera bonaerensis. This distribution was obtained from the Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Antarctic. Our results showed that the relative bias of the abundance estimators was large when covariates were misspecified and a survey region was stratified. Although stratification of the survey region is intended to produce a conventional line transect estimator with a smaller variance than that of non-stratified survey region, it also acts to increase the bias of the abundance estimate obtained from SDMs. 相似文献
937.
Takeshi Yamamoto Hiroyuki Matsunari Tsuyoshi Sugita Hirofumi Furuita Toshiro Masumoto Yasuro Iwashita Shunji Amano Nobuhiro Suzuki 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(2):359-366
To minimize the supplemental essential amino acids (EAAs) to a fish meal-free diet for rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, four types of fish meal-free diets and a control fish meal-based diet were fed to triplicate groups of trout (initial BW,
16 g) for 10 weeks. Two fish meal-free diets based on a fermented and an unfermented soybean meal were unsupplemented with
EAAs (diet FSBM and SBM), and two fish meal-free diets based on the fermented soybean meal were supplemented with a combination
of lysine and methionine (diet F + ML) and all EAAs (diet F + All), the EAA contents of which were lower than those of the
control diet (diet FM). Although physiological conditions such as the biliary bile acid status and morphological features
of fish fed diet FSBM were improved and similar to those of fish fed diet FM, the growth performance was not significantly
different (P > 0.05) from fish fed diet SBM. The growth performances and whole body protein contents of fish fed F + ML and F + All diets
were similarly improved compared to fish fed diet FSBM. These findings indicate that supplementation of lysine and methionine
to a fermented soybean meal-based fish meal-free diet is enough to maximize the amino acid utilization of the diet. 相似文献
938.
Yoshinori Takahashi Tatsuya Konishi Hiroyuki Enari Heon-sik Lee Won Kyung Lee Young Sun Lee Hyoung Kook Park Shigeru Yamamoto 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(6):1045-1052
Protamine is a basic protein whose sulfate is used in medical applications as a carrier for injectable insulin and as a heparin
antagonist, while its hydrochloride is used as an antibacterial ingredient for some food products. We previously showed that
protamine hydrochloride derived from chum salmon milt inhibited pancreatic lipase and reduced plasma triacylglycerol levels
in an oral fat tolerance test in humans. The present study evaluated the effect of chum protamine hydrochloride on lipid metabolism
in rats. The single oral administration of protamine hydrochloride (500 mg/kg) reduced plasma triacylglycerol levels in a
corn oil tolerance test, and repeated oral administration at a dose of 0, 150, 500, or 1,500 mg/kg with a high fat diet for
7 weeks significantly reduced body weight gain, liver weight, and epididymal adipose tissue, whereas total calorie intakes
were not significantly different. These findings could be caused by the suppression of lipid digestibility leading to a significant
increase in fecal lipid excretion due to the fact that protamine hydrochloride could bind with bile acids to make a complex
that is difficult to digest. Protamine hydrochloride, with a considerable history as food, can be considered to be promising
as an anti-obesity functional food material. 相似文献
939.
Hirofumi Furuita Koji Murashita Hiroyuki Matsunari Takeshi Yamamoto Jiro Nagao Kazuharu Nomura Hideki Tanaka 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(3):581-587
Shark eggs-based diet is the only diet by which eel larvae can grow to glass eels in captivity. However, the high level of lipids in the diet is suggested to negatively affect eel larvae. This paper examines the effect of defatted shark eggs (DSE) and hen egg yolk (HY) on growth and survival of larvae of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. Lyophilized shark egg and commercial HY were defatted with n-hexane, and four experimental diets were prepared using both defatted and untreated shark eggs and HY. Larvae were reared for 3 weeks by feeding the experimental diets. The highest survival rate was observed in the larvae fed DSE, and larvae fed HY showed the lowest survival rate. The best growth was found in larvae fed DSE, followed by shark eggs and defatted HY, and the worst growth was in HY-fed larvae. These results show that decreasing dietary lipids improves the nutritional value of both shark eggs and HY for eel larvae. Regulation of the dietary lipid level may positively affect the larval performance of eels by combination of ingredients with a low lipid content. 相似文献
940.
Takeshi Yamamoto Kazuhisa Teruya Takashi Hara Hiroto Hokazono Hiroshi Hashimoto Nobuhiro Suzuki Yasuro Iwashita Hiroyuki Matsunari Hirofumi Furuita Keiichi Mushiake 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1096-1108
To improve the nutritional quality of live foods and dry feeds ordinarily used for the seed production of amberjack Seriola dumerili, the nutrient contents of rotifers, Artemia nauplii and commercial feeds used in two larval production stations were evaluated. For comparison of the nutrient contents,
artificially produced larvae, wild-caught juveniles and wild zooplankton samples were also analyzed. The proportions of 22∶6n-3
in the polar lipid of the cultured larvae increased by feeding the dry feeds. The taurine contents of the cultured larvae
reflected the contents of their foods (rotifers<dry feed<Artemia nauplii). The taurine content and the proportion of 22∶6n-3 in Acartia spp. were higher than in foods fed to the larvae. These parameters in the wild juveniles were higher than the cultured ones.
The A/E ratios [(each essential amino acid/total essential amino acids)×1000] of the total amino acids of the live foods and
dry feeds were similar to those of the cultured larvae, except for the lower ratios of histidine, arginine, threonine and
lysine in the live foods. The mucosal folds of the intestine of the cultured larvae did not show typical signs of dietary
phospholipid deficiency. These results suggest that requirements of nutrients such as 22∶6n-3 and taurine should be determined
for mass production of amberjack seeds. 相似文献