排序方式: 共有59条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
31.
Shogo Matsumoto Yui Furusawa Hiromitsu Komatsu Junichi Soejima 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):634-637
SummaryWe examined S-allele genotypes of ten apple cultivars and species to determine their possible usefulness as pollenizers for all apple cultivars. ‘Dolgo’ did not contain any known S-RNases encoded at the S-locus, suggesting its possible usefulness as a pollenizer for almost all apple cultivars. We also identified and confirmed the S-allele genotypes of 18 apple cultivars by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-digestion analysis. The S-genotype of ‘Kiou’ (S1S7), ‘Korei’ (S3S28), ‘Korin’ (S1S9), ‘Kotoku’ (S1S28), ‘Kyokkou (S7S25), ‘Lobo’ (S1S7), ’Mahe 7’ (S2S7), ‘Mellow’ (S2S3), ‘Takahara’ (S3S9) and ‘Warabi’ (S9S28) were confirmed by pollination results. These cultivars seemed not to have originated from the expected seed or pollen parents or, in the case of ‘Lobo’, might have been mislabelled. Finally, we identified the S-allele genotypes of ‘Prima’ (S2S10), ‘Querina’ (S3S9) and ‘Yoko’ × ‘Prima’ (S3S10), which are resistant to scab. 相似文献
32.
Adaptation of cropping schedules in response to climate change is essential for increasing rice productivity. In the present study, we analyzed yield, cropping schedule and cultivar characteristics records from 1958 to 2007 in a case study of four prefectures in northern Japan, where low temperatures can severely limit rice growth. Grain yield in all prefectures increased over time, with a higher increase from 1958 to 1982 (2.4 g m−2 y−1) than from 1983 to 2007 (1.0 g m−2 y−1). The transplanting date became 0.07–0.91 days y−1 earlier before 1983, but did not appear to change thereafter. The growing period duration from transplanting to harvesting increased over time, especially during the first 25 years. We observed a significant correlation between grain yield and transplanting date before 1983. The length of the potential growing period, defined as the period from the earliest potential date for transplanting and the latest potential date for harvesting, increased over time in all four prefectures. The gap between the actual growing period and the potential growing period increased after 1983. The safe reproductive period, which is defined as the duration within which rice can escape cold damage during its reproductive stage, did not appear to change over time. Based on these results, we discuss future cropping schedules capable of increasing rice productivity under a changing climate in the future. 相似文献
33.
Hara Y Harada Y Fujita Y Taoda T Nezu Y Yamaguchi S Orima H Tagawa M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(10):933-936
Changes in hip joint congruity was evaluated in dogs with hip dysplasia before and after triple pelvic osteotomy by computed tomography examination in the standing position. Lateral center edge angle significantly increased, and center distance (CD) significantly decreased after surgery compared to the values before surgery, respectively. There was an inverse proportion between the postoperative period and the change in the ratio of CD. These results suggested that joint laxity was improved with time after surgery, providing evidence of the clinical usefulness of this surgery. 相似文献
34.
Lapuz R Tani H Sasai K Shirota K Katoh H Baba E 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):649-652
In order to determine the epidemiological link between the Salmonella Enteritidis contamination in a rat-infested chicken layer farm, an attached egg processing facility and liquid egg samples, several S. Enteritidis isolates were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and bacteriophage typing. A total of 33 S. Enteritidis strains were isolated from a total of 4,081 samples. Similar pulsed-field patterns were generated by S. Enteritidis isolates from liquid eggs, rats and effluent water. Additionally, only two phage types were detected among the S. Enteritidis isolates, PT 1b and PT 6. These results suggest that S. Enteritidis isolates from rats, egg processing facility, and liquid eggs are genetically related. Furthermore, S. Enteritidis infection in rats in layer farms poses a serious public health concern and should be included in future epidemiological studies. 相似文献
35.
An apple orchard consisting of a single cultivar under the condition of natural pollination must have suitable pollinizers such as Crab apples to ensure stable fruit production. We selected ‘Maypole’ and ‘Dolgo’ as pollinizers for the cultivar ‘Fuji’, and investigated the rate of fruit and seeds in ‘Fuji’ fruits produced by pollen of the pollinizers. We developed a method for tracing pollen flow based on the leaf color of progeny and S-RNase allele of ‘Maypole’, and on Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) analyses of ‘Maypole’ and ‘Dolgo’. These were powerful tools for determining the distance insects (mainly Osmia cornifrons) carry pollen from the pollinizers to ‘Fuji’. Although the fruit set of ‘Fuji’ apples was not reduced with increasing distance between ‘Fuji’ apple trees and pollinizers (probably due to pollen flow from other commercial cultivars planted outside the area), the rate of ‘Fuji’ apple fruit produced by the pollen of the pollinizers decreased with increasing distance. The rate of fruit produced by the pollinizers was 84% and 77% when ‘Fuji’ was 2.5 m from ‘Maypole’ and ‘Dolgo’, respectively, and 71% and 64% when ‘Fuji’ was 5 m from ‘Maypole’ and ‘Dolgo’, respectively, but was reduced to 47% and 39% when ‘Fuji’ was 10 m from ‘Maypole’ and ‘Dolgo’, respectively. However, the spacing could cause reduced fruit size, and require extra fruit thinning for producing large fruits. It could also cause reduction of the yield for increasing the planting area of pollinizers. We recommend that pollinizers should be planted not more than 10 m from ‘Fuji’. 相似文献
36.
Kohei TORIKAI Kazuma SHIMIZU Hiroaki NAGATOMO Mariko KASAI Megumi KATO-ITOH Yuko KAMADA Ikue SHIBASAKI Hyojung JEON Riko KIKUCHI Sayaka WAKAYAMA Fabian SUCHY Hiromitsu NAKAUCHI Teruhiko WAKAYAMA Eiji MIZUTANI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2023,69(1):48
We examined various methods to enhance the accessibility of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technology to more users by making the technique easier, more efficient, and practical. First, the methods for artificially removing the mouse sperm tail were evaluated. Trypsin treatment was found to efficiently remove the sperm tails. The resultant sperm cells had a lower oocyte activation capacity; however, the use of activated oocytes resulted in the same fecundity as that of fresh, untreated sperm. Pre-activated oocytes were more resistant to physical damage, showed higher survival rates, and required less time per injection. Testing this method in rats yielded similar results, although the oocyte activation method was different. Remarkably, this method resulted in higher birth rates of rat progeny than with conventional methods of rat ICSI. Our method thereby streamlines mouse and rat ICSI, making it more accessible to laboratories across many disciplines. 相似文献
37.
To clarify the effects of inundation on the establishment of Salix gracilistyla trees, the relationship between total inundation duration and the distribution and size of trees was examined on a gravel
bar along the Miya River in central Japan. The density of S. gracilistyla was low at both low and high elevations on the gravel bar, but high at middle elevations. The density increased with up to
165 days of inundation and declined gradually with more than 165 days of inundation. Density had a negative effect on crown
area, whereas inundation duration had a positive effect. At lower elevations, growth limitation of S. gracilistyla is mainly caused by inundation stress, whereas at higher elevations it seems to be primarily due to drought stress, although
it depends on the total duration of inundation in a year (TDIY). Consequently, the density is highest at middle elevations
where trees do not become too large. These results suggest that inundation duration is one factor determining the density
of S. gracilistyla trees, which in turn affects the size of each tree. 相似文献
38.
Hiromitsu Kisanuki Mafumi Nakasu Arisa Nakai Yutaka Yurugi 《Journal of Forest Research》2008,13(1):52-58
We examined the population dynamics of three broad-leaved tree species with different susceptibilities to deer predation.
Simulation analysis was conducted using a size-structured matrix model for a primary forest plot (PP) and a secondary forest
plot (SP) with 56% and 12% evergreen conifer composition in the canopy, respectively. In both plots, populations of Neolitsea sericea, a species that is susceptible to deer predation, initially declined significantly but eventually leveled off. The number
of small stems decreased, while that of larger stems increased, indicating that the population dynamics of N. sericea are strongly affected by browsing pressure and that the number of large trees is important for population maintenance. When
we examined two deer-resistant species, Pieris japonica and Illicium anisatum, the population of P. japonica increased in the SP and decreased in the PP, whereas that of I. anisatum increased in both plots, likely because mortality tends to increase in persistently dark environments. No significant difference
was observed between the present and predicted size distributions of resistant species in the PP. Competition for resources
is expected to intensify in the SP as a result of the predicted increase in large stems of the resistant species I. anisatum. Therefore, a specific conservation and management strategy for tree species should be considered for each forest type under
the influence of Sika deer. 相似文献
39.
Aminah NS Achmad SA Aimi N Ghisalberti EL Hakim EH Kitajima M Syah YM Takayama H 《Fitoterapia》2002,73(6):501-507
A new C-glucoside of epsilon-viniferin, named diptoindonesin A (1), was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the tree bark of Shorea seminis, together with the known stilbene oligomers (-)-ampelopsin A (2), (-)-alpha-viniferin (3), and (-)-hopeaphenol (4). The structure of 1 was determined from spectroscopic evidence. 相似文献
40.
Hiromitsu Furuya Keisuke Tubaki Tsutomu Matsumoto Shin-ichi Fuji Hideki Naito 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(1):8-14
Roots of rice plants grown in paddy fields in a transplant culture system were collected seven times between 8 and 22 weeks
after transplanting, for two crop seasons. Rice seedlings grown in a potting medium amended with the collected roots were
significantly shorter than those grown in the same medium either without the addition of the roots or amended with pasteurized,
collected roots indicating that seedlings were inhibited by heat-labile microorganisms on the collected rice roots. Ninety-five
and 172 pure cultures of Pythium spp. and fungi, respectively, were isolated from the rice roots collected 5 or 7.5 weeks after transplanting in the fields.
Among these microorganisms, Pythium aristosporum inhibited seedling growth in greenhouse experiments, and Acremonium sp., Alternaria sp., Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium sp., Massarina sp., Penicillium spp., Rhinocladiella sp., Stemphylium sp., Trichocladium sp., and several unidentified fungi inhibited seminal root growth in in vitro experiments. These microorganisms might be
involved in the inhibition of seedling growth in soils amended with the rice roots collected from the paddy field. Thus, roots
of rice plants at the middle stage of growth transplanted into paddy fields can harbor pathogenic or deleterious fungi or
Pythium sp(p). The effects of these microorganisms on rice growth in paddy fields are discussed. 相似文献