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排序方式: 共有212条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
161.
Hiroko Yamane Tomoko Ito Harumi Ishikubo Masaki Fujisawa Harumi Yamagata Kozue Kamiya Yukiyo Ito Masao Hamada Hiroyuki Kanamori Hiroshi Ikawa Yuichi Katayose Jianzhong Wu Takuji Sasaki Takashi Matsumoto 《Rice》2009,2(1):56-66
Heading date determines rice’s adaptation to its area and cropping season. We analyzed the molecular evolution of the Hd6 quantitative trait locus for photoperiod sensitivity in a total of 20 cultivated varieties and wild rice species and found 74 polymorphic sites within its coding region (1,002 bp), of which five were nonsynonymous substitutions. Thus, natural mutations and modifications of the coding region of Hd6 within the genus Oryza have been suppressed during its evolution; this is supported by low Ka (≤0.003) and Ka/Ks (≤0.576) values between species, indicating purifying selection for a protein-coding gene. A nonsynonymous substitution detected in the japonica variety “Nipponbare” (a premature stop codon and nonfunctional allele) was found within only some local Japanese japonica varieties, which suggests that this point mutation happened recently, probably after the introduction of Chinese rice to Japan, and is likely involved in rice adaptation to high latitudes. Phylogenetic analysis and genome divergence using the entire Hd6 genomic region confirmed the current taxonomic sections of Oryza and supported the hypothesis of independent domestication of indica and japonica rice. 相似文献
162.
Hiroko Ueuma Eri Yoshii Yoshihiro Hosoo Hideaki Taira 《Journal of Forest Research》2009,14(2):123-126
To determine the mechanism of male-sterility Cryptomeria japonica tree Shindai3, the process of microspore development was observed under light and fluorescence microscopy. Microspore development
in the Shindai3 was normal until the tetrad stage, but separation of the microspores from the tetrads was not observed even
after callose had been degraded. In contrast to the microspore stage in a male-fertile tree, amorphous substances were observed
around tetrads in the Shindai3, and the amount of the amorphous substance increased from the middle of November to the middle
of December. The substances are hypothesized to prevent the separation of individual microspores from tetrads by inducing
adhesion between microspore cells within the tetrad or enclosing the tetrads. The form of the tetrads in the Shindai3 was
maintained until just before the pollen dispersal season, but they ultimately degenerated. The results of this study indicate
that the mechanism causing male sterility in Shindai3 differs from that previously reported for other male-sterile trees of
C. japonica. 相似文献
163.
Utilization efficiency has been defined as the ratio of the amount of industrial roundwood (or wood pulp) consumed in a country
and year to the amount that would have been consumed to produce the same output with a reference technology. The reference
technology was described by the average input–output relationships in countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation
and Development (OECD), from 1961 to 2005. The results showed that the efficiency of industrial roundwood utilization increased
in most OECD countries from 1961 to 2005. There was also a strong decrease in the amount of wood pulp used for a given level
of paper and paperboard production. Regression analysis with cross-sectional data suggested that the main determinant of the
differences in efficiency of wood utilization between countries was the forest area per capita. The wood pulp price and population
density were the main variables explaining the differences in wood pulp utilization between countries. 相似文献
164.
Kobayashi Takeshi Taguchi Chihiro Futami Kunihiko Matsuda Hiroko Terahara Takeshi Imada Chiaki Khin Gyi Khin Moe Nant Kay Thwe Thwe Su Myo 《Fisheries Science》2020,86(3):551-560
Fisheries Science - The microbiological properties of Myanmar traditional fermented products were characterized using four different brands of bottled shrimp sauce products sold frequently at a... 相似文献
165.
Asami Yoshida Inwoo Bae Hiroko Sonoda Min-Jie Cao Katsuyasu Tachibana Kiyoshi Osatomi Kenji Hara 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(6):1439-1444
Collagen degradation is known to be involved in the post mortem tenderization of fish muscle. A serine proteinase that is assumed to be related to collagen degradation after fish death was purified from the sarcoplasmic fraction of red sea bream Pagrus major by ammonium sulfate fractionation and column chromatography on Sephacryl S-300, Q Sepharose and Phenyl Sepharose CL-4B. The enzyme hydrolyzed gelatin and was obtained as a protein band of approximately 38 kDa upon sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme was determined for 32 residues. A protein that had the same N-terminal amino acid sequence as the enzyme for ten residues was purified from the serum of red sea bream and showed the same characteristics as the enzyme. Therefore, it is suggested that the serine proteinase migrates from the blood to muscle and degrades muscle proteins after the death of the fish. 相似文献
166.
Daisuke Sakamoto Hiroko HayamaAkiko Ito Yoshiki KashimuraTakaya Moriguchi Yuri Nakamura 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
Effects of suspension media used for spray pollination on pollen grain viability were investigated in Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai ‘Kosui’). The suspension media tested in this study consisted of pectin methylesterase (PME) and polygalacturonase (PG) combined with either 0.1% agar or 0.04% xanthangum (XG). We also evaluated the influences of spray pollination on fruit set and fruit quality. Pollen grain viability, as measured by germination and pollen tube growth rates, was maintained in media supplemented with 0.1 mg L−1 PME or 0.1 mg L−1 PG. The level of fruit set after spray pollination using media containing PME or PG in combination with either 0.1% agar or 0.04% XG was almost the same as the level after artificial pollination by hand (hand pollination). The media containing XG combined with either PME or PG seemed to show better results for pollen grain viability and fruit set, although the results were variable from year to year. With regard to fruit size, shape and other parameters for fruit quality, spray pollination and hand pollination gave comparable results, irrespective of the medium composition. The time required for spray pollination was less than half of that required for hand pollination, and the amount of pollen grain required for spray pollination was one-third or less than the amount required for hand pollination. Thus, spray pollination may be a time- and labor-saving pollination system for the cultivation of Japanese pear. 相似文献
167.
Kenji Ishihara Chiaki Oyamada Yoko Sato Hiroko Danno Takashi Kimiya Masaki Kaneniwa Hiromi Kunitake Toshihiko Muraoka 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(1):167-173
ABSTRACT: Glycerol galactoside (GG; floridoside + isofloridoside) and porphyra-334 (P-334) are contained in nori (Susabinori Porphyra yezoensis and Asakusanori Porphyra tenera ). Glycerol galactoside has been found to have bifidogenic growth stimulator activity and P-334 is known to have ultraviolet-absorbing activity in the UVA region of sunlight. These substances have, respectively, potential for application to pre-biotic foods and in cosmetics as a sunscreen. In the present study, to investigate the relationships between GG and P-334 contents and the quality of nori, we measured the GG and P-334 contents with other components (total protein, chlorophyll-a, β-carotene and phycobillins) that are related to the quality of nori samples produced from different production areas and with different qualities. We found that the GG content was closely negatively correlated with the contents of other components, whereas P-334 was positively correlated with the other components. From these results, it is suggested that low-quality nori is a potential source of GG, and as a source for P-334, scraps of nori produced during nori processing should be suitable. 相似文献
168.
169.
Effects of ethylene, pollination, and ethylene inhibitor treatments on flower senescence of gentians
Flower senescence of the potted gentian (Gentiana scabra) ‘Shinbisei’ was investigated in relation to ethylene sensitivity and production. ‘Shinbisei’ flowers were used for all experiments except for those with inflorescences. Exposure to ethylene at 0.5 μL L−1 or higher concentrations for 24 h markedly accelerated flower senescence, indicating that G. scabra flowers are highly sensitive to ethylene. Treatment with 0.2 or 0.5 mM silver thiosulfate complex (STS) and 2 μL L−1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), ethylene action inhibitors, and 50 mM α-aminoisobutyric acid, an inhibitor of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase, did not delay flower senescence. However, treatment with 1 mM l-α-(2-aminoethoxyvinyl) glycine, an inhibitor of ACC synthase, slightly delayed flower senescence. Pollination significantly accelerated petal senescence of G. scabra flowers. Ethylene production of petals, gynoecium, and stamens in unpollinated flowers slightly increased during senescence. Pollination significantly increased ethylene production of petals, gynoecium and stamens 1 day after pollination. To clarify whether 1-MCP delays senescence of cut gentian inflorescences, cut G. scabra ‘Yuki-hotaru’, G. scabra × Gentiana triflora ‘Aoi-kaze’, and G. triflora ‘Koharu’ inflorescences with various stages of flowers, including buds with colored petals, were treated with 2 μL L−1 1-MCP for 24 h. 1-MCP treatment delayed flower wilting of cut inflorescences of ‘Aoi-kaze’ and ‘Yuki-hotaru’ more than that of ‘Koharu’, suggesting that there is species variation in the effect of 1-MCP in delaying flower senescence of cut gentian inflorescences. 相似文献
170.
Satoshi Kambayashi Kouji Minami Yuka Ogawa Takehiro Hamaji Chung Chew Hwang Masaya Igase Hiroko Hiraoka Takako Shimokawa Miyama Shunsuke Noguchi Kenji Baba Takuya Mizuno Masaru Okuda 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2015,79(3):201-209
The DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) causes resistance to nitrosoureas in various human cancers. In this study, we analyzed the correlation between canine lymphomas and MGMT in vitro. Two of five canine lymphoma cell lines required higher concentrations of lomustine to inhibit cell growth by 50%, but their sensitivity to the drug increased when they were cultured with an MGMT inhibitor. Fluorometric oligonucleotide assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction of these cell lines revealed MGMT activity and high MGMT mRNA expression, respectively. We analyzed the methylation status of the CpG islands of the canine MGMT gene by the bisulfite-sequencing method. Unlike human cells, the canine lymphoma cell lines did not show significant correlation between methylation status and MGMT suppression levels. Our results suggest that in canine lymphoma MGMT activity may influence sensitivity to nitrosoureas; thus, inhibition of MGMT activity would benefit nitrosourea-resistant patients. Additional studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanism of regulation of MGMT expression. 相似文献