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121.
Doi J Hirota J Morita A Fukushima K Kamijyo H Ohta H Yamasaki M Takahashi T Katakura K Oku Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(4):413-417
Tritrichomonas suis (=T. foetus) has recently been reported to be a causative agent of chronic large-bowel diarrhea in cats. While the disease was previously attributed to Pentatrichomonas hominis, the etiologic agent for feline trichomonal diarrhea was identified as T. suis. Although feline trichomonosis due to T. suis has been reported at prevalences ranging from 14 to 31% in Europe and the U.S., no reports of the pathogen have been published to date in Japan. In 2008, however, we encountered a case of feline trichomonosis at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Hokkaido University. The parasite was identified as T. suis by nested PCR amplification of partial internal transcribed spacer region 1 and 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene sequences with T. suis-specific primers and DNA sequencing of the amplified products. We then conducted surveys for feline trichomonosis in three different animal hospitals using either cultivation and/or PCR-based assays. The results revealed that 13 of 147 samples (8.8%) were positive for T. suis, and that 5 of the 13 infected cats, which ranged between 1 month and 7.5 years-old, showed chronic diarrhea. Seven of the infected cats were purebred and 6 were mixed breed. These findings suggested that feline trichomonosis is prevalent in Japan, and that T. suis may play a role as a causative agent of feline chronic diarrhea. 相似文献
122.
Min Wei Anna Kakehashi Shotaro Yamano Seiko Tamano Tomoyuki Shirai Hideki Wanibuchi Shoji Fukushima 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2012,25(3):209-214
The purposes of the present study were to evaluate the hepatocarcinogenicity of
concurrent treatment of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline
(MeIQx) and diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in rats and to determine whether no effect levels of
combinations of these two different structural categories of genotoxic hepatocarcinogens
exist. Two 16-week rat hepatocarcinogenesis assays were performed using a total of 790
male F344 rats. In experiment 1, we evaluated the effects of concurrent treatment of a
subcarcinogenic dose of DEN on rat hepatocarcinogenesis induced by various doses of MeIQx.
In experiment 2, we determined hepatocarcinogenicities of combinations of MeIQx and DEN at
subcarcinogenic doses, low carcinogenic doses and high carcinogenic doses. Quantitative
analyses of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive
foci, a preneoplastic lesion of the liver in rats, revealed that concurrent treatment with
subcarcinogenic doses of DEN did not enhance MeIQx-induced rat hepatocarcinogenicity. We
also found that concurrent treatment with combinations of subcarcinogenic doses of DEN and
MeIQx was not hepatocarcinogenic, indicating that the combined effects of subcarcinogenic
doses of DEN and MeIQx were neither additive nor synergistic. Moreover, concurrent
treatment with low carcinogenic doses of these 2 carcinogens did not show additive or
synergistic effects. Synergetic effects were observed only in rats coadministered high
carcinogenic doses of the 2 carcinogens. These results demonstrate the existence of no
effect levels of combinations of these 2 genotoxic hepatocarcinogens, and provide new
evidence supporting our idea that there is a threshold, at least a practical threshold,
that should be considered when evaluating the risk of genotoxic carcinogens. 相似文献
123.
Coxa morphologically adapted to large egg in aepyornithid species compared with various palaeognaths
Endo H Akishinonomiya F Yonezawa T Hasegawa M Rakotondraparany F Sasaki M Taru H Yoshida A Yamasaki T Itou T Koie H Sakai T 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2012,41(1):31-40
The coxa of palaeognaths including extinct aepyornithid species was compared by means of osteology, computed tomography (CT) imaging and macroscopic anatomy. The pre-acetabular area of the ilium was proportionally much larger in width and height in aepyornithid species than in other extant palaeognaths. The post-acetabular area of the ilium, ischium and pubis was relatively short and bilaterally extended in aepyornithid species. Although the Aepyornis species might have produced egg with a major axis exceeding 300?mm in major axis, the short post-acetabular coxa and widely opened ischium and pubis would not have been able to stably hold the eggs in the posterior space of the pelvic cavity unlike the situation in the ostrich. As aepyornithid species resembled the kiwi in measurement ratios of length and width in the pre-acetabular area, a functional-morphological model of the coxa in the aepyornithid species can be proposed based on that of the kiwi. From our data, we suggest that the extinct species of Aepyornis and Mullerornis species effectively used the anterior space of the pelvic cavity to support their extraordinary large egg. 相似文献
124.
Ai ORIME Tomohiro YONEZAWA Hideki OGASAWARA Tadashi KUROYANAGI Tomiharu MANDA 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(3):268-271
A questionnaire based on sensory evaluation of completely domestic grass‐fed beef was carried out on 157 Japanese undergraduate students aged between 18 and 22 years in Kitasato University. The sensory evaluation sheet consisted of 10 questions concerning preference for domestic grass‐fed beef, and three demographic/lifestyle questions. Using principal component analysis and cluster analysis, the respondents were divided into four groups (G1–G4). G1 accepted almost all properties. G2 accepted most properties but disliked chewiness. G3 accepted juiciness and flavor but disliked the color and texture of the meat. G4 tended to dislike almost all properties. According to chi‐square test, most G2‐people statistically liked other commercial beef and G4‐people had neutral and negative impressions. G1‐ or G3‐people did not have any significant tendency as regards beef preference. These results indicate that most of the young respondents who preferred domestic grass‐fed beef could not accept its texture, and some respondents could accept its juiciness and flavor. It is also suggested that a part of the people who like commercial beef do not prefer chewiness of grass‐fed beef. Such information will aid grass‐fed beef cattle breeders, producers and packers to improve the quality of beef and its evaluation. 相似文献
125.
Hasan Muhammad Mehedi Ushio Hideki Ochiai Yoshihiro 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2021,47(5):1477-1488
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - Recombinant expression system was established for rainbow trout myoglobin (Mb) considering its unique primary structure of having one unusual deletion and two... 相似文献
126.
127.
Kushida M Wanibuchi H Wei M Kakehashi A Ozaki K Sukata T Miyata K Ogata K Uwagawa S Fukushima S 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2009,22(1):65-70
Epidemiological studies suggest that alcohol consumption increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer. However, the data are confounded by numerous cosegregating variables. To cast further light on the relationships between alcohol intake and colon cancer development, 21-day-old male F344/DuCrj rats were fed 200 ppm 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) in their diet for 8 weeks and doses of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10 and 20% of ethanol in their drinking water ad libitum for 16 weeks thereafter. The rats were sacrificed after 24 weeks of experiment, and aberrant crypt foci (ACF), surrogate lesions for colon cancer, were examined under a light microscope at low magnification. Ethanol was found not to affect the ACF formation at any dose compared with the initiated-controls. Furthermore, ethanol did not alter colon epithelial cell proliferation. These data, obtained by analysis of a colon cancer surrogate marker lesion, indicate that ethanol lacks promotion activity for MeIQx-initiated rat colon carcinogenesis. 相似文献
128.
Hideki OHSAKI Atsuko TANAKA Shogo HOASHI Shinji SASAZAKI Kenji OYAMA Masaaki TANIGUCHI Fumio MUKAI Hideyuki MANNEN 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(3):225-232
Fatty acid composition of beef adipose tissue is one of important traits because high proportions of monounsaturated fatty acid are related to favorable beef flavor and tenderness. In this study, we investigated effects of genetic factors such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) on beef carcass traits including fatty acid composition using two cattle populations. Sire effect was significantly related to almost all traits except BMS, suggesting that the trait examined in this study is highly controlled by genetic factors. The effect of SCD genotype on fatty acid composition was detected remarkably in both cattle groups, especially on stearic and oleic acids. This result was consistent with our previous studies and suggests that SCD is associated with fatty acid composition. Unlike SCD genotyping, the effect of SREBP genotype was not identified in this study. Our results suggested that SCD genotype would contribute to improving beef quality in field populations. Further studies about the relationship among these factors will bring an insight into the molecular mechanism of fatty acid metabolism in cattle. 相似文献
129.
Mitsuru KAMIYA Masatoshi MATSUZAKI Hideki ORITO Yuko KAMIYA Yoshi‐nori NAKAMURA Eisaku TSUNEISHI 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(6):662-668
The objective was to evaluate effects of feeding level of milk replacer on body growth, plasma metabolite and insulin concentrations, and allometric growth of visceral organs in suckling calves. Holstein bull calves (n = 8; 3–4 days of age) were fed either a low amount (average 0.63 kgDM/day, LM) or high amount (average 1.15 kgDM/day, HM) of high protein milk replacer until they were slaughtered at 6 weeks of age. Body weight (BW) at 4, 5, and 6 weeks of age, feed intake, average daily gain, and feed efficiency were higher in the HM than LM calves. The HM group had higher plasma glucose at 3 and 4 weeks of age and insulin levels after the age of 4 weeks compared with LM calves whereas no effect was detected on plasma nonesterified fatty acid or urea nitrogen concentrations. The HM calves had greater empty body weight (EBW), viscera‐free BW and most of the organs dissected than LM calves. Relative weights (% of EBW) of liver, spleen, kidneys, and internal fat were higher, whereas head and large intestine was lower in HM than LM calves. The results suggest that increased milk feeding levels would accelerate the growth of the body and specific organs. 相似文献
130.
Hashim S Jan A Sunohara Y Hachinohe M Ohdan H Matsumoto H 《Pest management science》2012,68(3):422-429
BACKGROUND: Trifluralin‐resistant biotypes of water foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis) have been identified in wheat fields from northern Kyushu, Japan. Water foxtail is a winter‐annual grassy weed, causing substantial crop losses. This study reports on mutation in α‐tubulin (TUA) genes from water foxtail, the site of action of trifluralin. RESULTS: Two trifluralin‐sensitive (S) Chikugo and Ukiha biotypes and four trifluralin‐resistant (R) Asakura‐1, Asakura‐2, Tamana and Tosu biotypes of water foxtail were used for herbicide resistance analysis. R biotypes showed 5.7–30.7‐fold trifluralin resistance compared with the S biotypes. No differences in the uptake and translocation of 14C‐trifluralin were observed between Chikugo (S) biotype and Asakura‐1 (R) biotype. Most of the 14C detected in the plant material was in the root tissue, and no substantial increases were noted in shoot tissues. Comparative TUA sequence analysis revealed two independent single amino acid changes: change of Val into Phe at position 202 in TUA1 and change of Leu into Met at position 125 in TUA3 in Asakura‐1 biotype. In the Tamana (R) biotype, two amino acid changes of Leu to Phe at position 136 and Val to Phe at position 202 were observed in the predicted amino acid sequence of TUA1, compared with Chikugo (S) biotype. CONCLUSION: The results provide preliminary molecular explanation for the resistance of water foxtail to trifluralin, a phenomenon that has arisen as a result of repeated exposure to this class of herbicide. This is the first report of α‐tubulin mutation in water foxtail and for any Alopecurus species reported in the literature. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献