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121.
The present study was conducted to delineate whether N‐glycosylation of zona pellucida (ZP) glycoproteins occurred during meiotic maturation and whether this N‐glycosylation played a role in sperm–ZP interactions of porcine cumulus denuded oocytes (DOs). After mechanical removal of cumulus cells from cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs), DOs were cultured for 44 h in in vitro maturation (IVM) culture. The experiments were carried out to determine the effects of tunicamycin, a specific N‐glycosylation inhibitor, for various intervals during IVM on sperm–ZP interactions in porcine DOs. The results determined that DOs could induce meiotic maturation, although the maturation rate of DOs was earlier than that of COCs. In addition, N‐glycosylation of ZP glycoproteins occurred during meiotic maturation and was crucial in sperm–ZP interactions, was responsible for sperm penetration, sperm binding to ZP and induction of acrosome reaction in ZP‐bound sperm. However, the inhibition of N‐glycosylation by tunicamycin during IVM did not influence ZP hardness and male pronuclear formation, indicating that this N‐glycosylation was involved in the initial stage of fertilization. We conclude that 24–44 h of N‐glycosylation of ZP glycoproteins during meiotic maturation was crucial in sperm penetration and sperm binding to ZP and the induction of acrosome reaction in sperm bound to ZP of porcine DOs. 相似文献
122.
Koji Nomiyama Hideki Osaki Takahide Sasaya Koichi Ishikawa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(1):64-68
Research on Olpidium virulentus, the vector of the serious lettuce big-vein disease, is difficult because its resting spores persist in soil and retain virus for years and the fungus is not culturable. We developed protocols to obtain purified, viable resting spores from infected roots using an enzymatic treatment and two-step density gradient centrifugation and to generate a polyclonal antibody against these spores. The antibody was species-specific in a direct immunostaining assay and in western blots produced two specific bands (ca. 30.5, 29.0 kDa) against resting spores. The detection limit for resting spores in an indirect ELISA was 200 spores/100 μL. 相似文献
123.
Fuyumi Takahashi Hideki Ogiso Masashi Fujinaga Yoshiyuki Ishiyama Yasuhiro Inoue Takashi Shirakawa Yuichi Takikawa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(4):260-269
In October 2010, a bacterial disease produced flecks and spots on leaves of Chinese cabbage, cabbage and Japanese radish in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. The symptoms started on the abaxial surface of leaves as angular, water-soaked flecks of 1–2 mm in diameter with a yellow halo of 3–4 mm width. These flecks then became visible on both leaf surfaces, enlarged and coalesced into large blight lesions. The symptoms were similar to bacterial leaf spot caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola. The bacterium isolated from leaf lesions formed a white colony and produced polysaccharides on YP agar. The isolates were identified as P. syringae group by LOPAT tests and the 16S rDNA sequence. Moreover, the results of pathogenicity on cruciferous plants, bacteriological characteristics, rep-PCR and the sequences of rpoD and gyrB showed that the isolates should be identified as P. cannabina pv. alisalensis (recently transferred from P. syringae pv. alisalensis). This is the first report of P. cannabina pv. alisalensis isolated from diseased crucifers in Japan. 相似文献
124.
Shigeru Katayama Toshihiro Nishio Hideki Kishimura Hiroki Saeki 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(1):76-81
Marine brown algae are rich in sulfated polysaccharides, which have the ability to form gels and viscous solution. Sulfated
polysaccharides exhibit many biological activities; however, little is known whether the viscoelastic property in the polysaccharide
extract is correlated with biological activities. We examined the immunomodulatory properties of highly viscous polysaccharide
extract (HVPE) from Gagome Kjellmaniella crassifolia in a murine model, and the effects were compared with those of a less viscous polysaccharide extract (LVPE). HVPE or LVPE
(10, 30, and 100 mg/kg/day) were orally administered to C57BL/6 mice for 14 days. Secretions of cytokine and IgA in Con A-stimulated
spleen and Peyer’s patch (PP) cells and phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages was determined. IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-6,
and IgA secretions showed high levels in spleen cell cultures from mice administered HVPE, whereas these effects were diminished
in the LVPE-administered mice. The phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages was enhanced by the continuous oral administration
of HVPE, and these effects were higher than those of LVPE. Furthermore, an increase in IgA secretion by administration of
HVPE was observed in Con A-stimulated PP cells. These results suggest that the polysaccharide extract from K. crassifolia has immunomodulatory activities, which depend on the viscosity. 相似文献
125.
Kei’ichiro Iguchi Ken Fujimoto Hideki Kaeriyama Atsushi Tomiya Masahiro Enomoto Shin-ichiro Abe Toshinori Ishida 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(6):983-988
The Fukushima nuclear accident led to deposition of radionuclides into the freshwater fishery ground of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis. For the purpose of more comprehensive understanding of the radioactive contamination, cesium-137 (137Cs) was analyzed in running water, muddy sediment, attached algae, and ayu using samples from three river systems with different levels of contamination within Fukushima Prefecture in summer and autumn 2011. The amount of 137Cs contained in water as well as in sediment declined over an interval of two months, although the concentration in sediment samples was up to 10,000-fold higher than that in water samples. The changes in 137Cs concentration of algae showed different courses among the three river systems, the concentration being greater in autumn in the river systems with high and moderate radioactive contamination. 137Cs detected within a single stock of ayu appeared to be excreted rather rapidly with a calculated half-life of approximately 39 days, while the concentration ratio ranged from 103 to 104 l/kg, attaining higher levels than previously reported. These findings indicate that the most important pathway of 137Cs into ayu is via intake of algae as food but that the retention time of 137Cs inside ayu is relatively short. 相似文献
126.
Tadahide Kurokawa Hideyuki Shibahara Koichiro Gen Kazuharu Nomura Hideki Tanaka 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(4):673-680
The present study analyzed the rate of occurrence of deformities at completion of yolk resorption after Japanese eel larvae were exposed to low-salinity (29 psu) or low-water-temperature (20 °C) conditions (after they had been reared under suitable conditions: 34 psu, 25 °C) at various points between 0 and 8 days post-fertilization (dpf) in order to determine the period of sensitivity of the larvae to low-salinity or low-temperature conditions. No significant differences were observed between the rate of deformed larvae obtained in the groups reared under suitable conditions and the corresponding rates in groups that were exposed to low-salinity or low-temperature conditions at 4 dpf or later, but the frequency of normal larvae showed a downward trend in experimental groups that were subjected to low-salinity or low-temperature conditions at 3 dpf or earlier. Occurrence rates of pericardial edema were significantly higher in experimental groups that were exposed to low-salinity or low-temperature conditions at 2 dpf or earlier. Therefore, it was concluded that the rearing conditions for Japanese eel larvae should be maintained at 34 psu salinity and 25 °C until at least 4 dpf in order to reduce the occurrence of larval deformity at completion of yolk resorption. 相似文献
127.
Tsutomu Matsumoto Hideki Yamamoto Shin-ichi Fuji Masayasu Inoue 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(1):76-80
A potyvirus tentatively named Ornithogalum virus 3 (OV-3) was successfully isolated by single-aphid transmissions from O. thyrsoides mix-infected with OV-3, Ornithogalum
mosaic
virus (OrMV) and Ornithogalum stripe mosaic virus (OrSMV). OV-3, a flexuous, rod-shaped particle of ca. 690 nm, was sap and aphid transmissible. The virus
had a narrow host range and caused necrotic mosaic on O. thyrsoides under cold conditions. We therefore propose the name Ornithogalum necrotic mosaic virus (OrNMV) for OV-3. A synergistic increase in symptom severity was apparent on O. thyrsoides mix-infected with OrSMV/OrNMV, but not with either OrMV/OrNMV or OrMV/OrSMV.
The nucleotide sequence data reported is available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB282754. 相似文献
128.
129.
130.
Walid El-Rodeny Mitsuhiro Kimura Hideki Hirakawa Attia Sabah Kenta Shirasawa Shusei Sato Satoshi Tabata Shigemi Sasamoto Akiko Watanabe Kumiko Kawashima Midori Kato Tsuyuko Wada Hisano Tsuruoka Chika Takahashi Chiharu Minami Keiko Nanri Shinobu Nakayama Mitsuyo Kohara Manabu Yamada Yoshie Kishida Tsunakazu Fujishiro Sachiko Isobe 《Breeding Science》2014,64(3):252-263
To develop a high density linkage map in faba bean, a total of 1,363 FBES (Faba bean expressed sequence tag [EST]-derived simple sequence repeat [SSR]) markers were designed based on 5,090 non-redundant ESTs developed in this study. A total of 109 plants of a ‘Nubaria 2’ × ‘Misr 3’ F2 mapping population were used for map construction. Because the parents were not pure homozygous lines, the 109 F2 plants were divided into three subpopulations according to the original F1 plants. Linkage groups (LGs) generated in each subpopulation were integrated by commonly mapped markers. The integrated ‘Nubaria 2’ × ‘Misr 3’ map consisted of six LGs, representing a total length of 684.7 cM, with 552 loci. Of the mapped loci, 47% were generated from multi-loci diagnostic (MLD) markers. Alignment of homologous sequence pairs along each linkage group revealed obvious syntenic relationships between LGs in faba bean and the genomes of two model legumes, Lotus japonicus and Medicago truncatula. In a polymorphic analysis with ten Egyptian faba bean varieties, 78.9% (384/487) of the FBES markers showed polymorphisms. Along with the EST-SSR markers, the dense map developed in this study is expected to accelerate marker assisted breeding in faba bean. 相似文献