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191.
Masaki Hayashi Rieko Niwa Yasufumi Urashima Yuko Suga Shusei Sato Hideki Hirakawa 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2018,64(3):306-311
ABSTRACTInoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can increase the growth of host plants, especially under condition of low phosphate (P) availability. Although this effect is shown relatively easily in simplified systems such as pot experiments, it is often hard to show in the field because of complicating factors such as competition with indigenous AMF. We conducted an AMF inoculation experiment with three Japanese soybean cultivars (Enrei, Misuzudaizu, and Akishirome) in an allophanic (Umbric Silandic) Andosol field under the long-term selective application of major nutrients (NPK and -P) and bare fallow. In the inoculation plots, introduced AMF were well colonized in soybean roots at flowering stage. In the -P plots, inoculation tended to increase the shoot dry weight of all the three soybean cultivars; this effect remained until harvest. Although a significant difference is not recognized, there was a tendency of residual effect on Enrei in the following year. In the NPK plots, inoculation did not significantly increase the shoot dry weight. We thought that in the -P plots, the long-term selective application of N and K and the long-term maintenance of bare fallow created the soil conditions of low P availability and poor native AMF. Thus, introduced AMF can benefit soybean growth and yield in the soil with low competitor AMF density and low phosphate availability. 相似文献
192.
193.
Kobayashi K Imaizumi R Sumichika H Tanaka H Goda M Fukunari A Komatsu H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(11):1195-1199
Degenerative lesions were induced in the knee joint of Wistar rats by intraarticular injection of chondrocyte metabolism inhibitor mono-iodoacetate (MIA) at doses of 0, 0.3 or 3 mg/joint. Histopathological examination and the measurement of hind paw weight ratio as an index of joint pain by incapacitance tester were performed. Histological findings that are similar to those observed in human osteoarthritis (OA), such as disorganization of chondrocytes, erosion and fibrillation of cartilage surface, and subchondral bone exposure etc., were observed in a MIA-dose-dependent manner. Saflanin-O fast green staining revealed that marked diffuse reduction of proteoglycan in cartilage tissue of rats treated with MIA. The clinical scores of the joint pain were closely correlated to the grade of histological findings. We conclude that the present experimental model in combination with a novel dual channel weight averager would be very useful for the study of human OA, and could be applied for estimation of therapeutic effect of new anti-OA drugs. 相似文献
194.
Hideki YAMAMOTO Tadahiko KIGUCHI Mineo SENDA Kenji UEDA Masayasu INOUE Tsutomu MATSUMOTO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(4):309-311
The three missense mutations on the gene for the 130-K protein of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) L11A have been thought to be responsible for the attenuation of its virulence. The Eco47I RFLP detecting the missense mutation at 2349 successfully discriminated L11A and its derivative attenuated isolates from ToMV virulent ones. RFLP analysis and mismatch amplification assay detecting
the missense mutations at 1117 and 2754, respectively, could not discriminate some of the attenuated isolates from the virulent
ones. These results indicated that, of the three missense mutations, only the one at 2349 was conserved in all the L11A-derivative attenuated isolates.
Received 16 March 2001/ Accepted in revised form 22 June 2001 相似文献
195.
196.
Masashi Fujinaga Hideki Ogiso Hirosuke Shinohara Seiya Tsushima Norio Nishimura Masayuki Togawa Hideki Saito Masayuki Nozue 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(6):402-407
The genetic relationship between the vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) and between physiological races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (FOL), the causal pathogen of lettuce root rot, was determined by analyzing the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of its ribosomal
DNA. A total of 29 isolates containing a type strain were tested: 24 Japanese isolates, 2 Californian isolates, and 3 Italian
isolates. Three races (races 1, 2, and 3) were found in Japan, and race 1 was also distributed in California and Italy. Races
1, 2, and 3 each belonged to a distinct VCG: VCG-1, VCG-2, and VCG-3 (VCG-3-1, VCG-3-3), respectively. Phylogenetic (neighbor-joining)
analysis of the IGS sequences revealed that races 1, 2, and 3 coincided with three phylogenetic groups (PG): PG-1, PG-2, and
PG-3, respectively. These results indicate that the three races are genetically quite different and have a strong correlation
with VCGs and phylogenetic groupings.
The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession no. AB195218 相似文献
197.
Hiromitsu Furuya Keisuke Tubaki Tsutomu Matsumoto Shin-ichi Fuji Hideki Naito 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(5):333-339
Soil samples were collected from rice paddies at 22 locations in northeastern Honshu, Japan. In 20 of the samples, seedling growth of rice was improved by soil pasteurization (aerated steaming at 60°C for 30 min), although no typical disease symptoms were observed in the seedlings grown in the untreated soil samples. In most locations, rice seedlings grew better in a potting medium containing root material from plants grown in the pasteurized portion of a soil sample than in a medium with root material from plants grown in the unpasteurized portion of the same sample. The results suggest that microorganisms that restrained rice seedling growth may be common in the soils of rice paddies. Approximately 800 isolates were obtained from seedling roots grown in unpasteurized soils and grouped by cultural and microscopic morphologies. The deleterious effects of 79 isolates from 21 major groups, most of which were soil-dwelling taxa, were examined after direct inoculation of the seminal roots. Isolates of Curvularia sp., Cirrenalia sp., Eppicoccum nigrum, Fusarium graminearum, F. oxysporum, Gliocladium virens, Humicola sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae, Sclerotium hydrophilum, Trichoderma aureoviride, and T. harzianum inhibited root growth, suggesting that deleterious root-infecting fungi were more common in paddy soil than previously thought. These fungi may be involved in the restraint of rice seedling growth. 相似文献
198.
Tsutomu Matsumoto Hideki Yamamoto Shin-ichi Fuji Masayasu Inoue 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(3):222-224
A novel potyvirus, tentatively named Ornithogalum virus 2 (OV-2) because only its nucleotide sequence of the coat protein gene has been revealed, was isolated for the first
time from Ornithogalum thyrsoides. OV-2 had a flexuous particle (700–740 nm in length) and was sap and aphid transmissible. The virus had a narrow host range;
of 36 test plants in 12 families, only O. thyrsoides and O. dubium were infected. Because the virus caused characteristic stripe mosaic on O. thyrsoides, we propose Ornithogalum stripe mosaic virus (OrSMV), instead of OV-2 for the proper name of the virus.
The nucleotide sequence data reported is available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB271783. 相似文献
199.
Shin-ichi Fuji Nanae Mochizuki Masashi Fujinaga Makoto Ikeda Kouichi Shinoda Seiji Uematsu Hiromitsu Furuya Hideki Naito Fumiyoshi Fukumoto 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(3):216-221
Alstroemeria plants were surveyed for viruses in Japan from 2002 to 2004. Seventy-two Alstroemeria plants were collected from Aichi, Nagano, and Hokkaido prefectures and 54.2% were infected with some species of virus. The
predominant virus was Alstroemeria mosaic virus, followed by Tomato spotted wilt virus, Youcai mosaic virus (YoMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Alstroemeria virus X and Broad bean wilt virus-2 (BBWV-2). On the basis of nucleotide sequence of the coat protein genes, all four CMV isolates belong to subgroup IA. CMV
isolates induced mosaic and/or necrosis on Alstroemeria. YoMV and BBWV-2 were newly identified by traits such as host range, particle morphology, and nucleotide sequence as viruses
infecting Alstroemeria. A BBWV-2 isolate also induced mosaic symptoms on Alstroemeria seedlings. 相似文献
200.
Shoji?HashimotoEmail author Nobuaki?Tanaka Masakazu?Suzuki Ayako?Inoue Hideki?Takizawa Izumi?Kosaka Katsunori?Tanaka Chatchai?Tantasirin Nipon?Tangtham 《Journal of Forest Research》2004,9(1):75-79
Soil respiration and soil carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration were investigated in a tropical monsoon forest in northern Thailand, from 1998 to 2000. Soil respiration was relatively high during the rainy season and low during the dry season, although interannual fluctuations were large. Soil moisture was widely different between the dry and wet seasons, while soil temperature changed little throughout the year. As a result, the rate of soil respiration is determined predominantly by soil moisture, not by soil temperature. The roughly estimated annual soil respiration rate was 2560gCm–2year–1. The soil CO2 concentration also increased in the rainy season and decreased in the dry season, and showed clearer seasonality than soil respiration did. 相似文献