Primordial rare gases in unequilibrated ordinary chondrites

The primordial gases of eight unequilibrated ordinary chondrites are strongly fractionated with respect to" cosmic" proportions. The absolute amounts are roughly proportional to the degree of disequilibration. Apparently, ordinary chondrites originally contained considerably larger amounts of primordial rare gases.     

苦荆茶中多酚类物质的含量测定

应用比色法对苦荆茶(Ilex.sp)中总多酚类物质的含量进行了测定,发现了多酚类物质在不同等级和产地的茶叶中含量存在差异,嫩叶中含量明显高于老叶;在芽叶中多酚类物质含量竟高达9.39%左右,接近普通绿茶中茶多酚的含量,因而推测苦荆茶可能具有抗氧化、抗衰老和延年益寿的功效.     

地肤农用生物活性研究

研究了地肤各器官及其提取物的除草及抑菌活性.结果表明:地肤各器官对供试植物种子胚根及胚轴的生长均有抑制作用,其中,种子抑制效果最强,在0.01 g·mL-1 (干粉)时,对供试4种植物种子胚根生长的抑制率均大于80;地肤种子乙醇提取物3种溶剂萃取物中,正丁醇萃取物的除草活性最强,对黄瓜胚轴及反枝苋胚根生长的EC50为0.05 mg·mL-1.抑菌活性测定结果表明:地肤种子提取物的抑菌作用最强,在0.05 g·mL-1 (相当于干样)时,对苹果腐烂病菌及葡萄黑痘病菌菌丝生长的抑制率分别为90.7及71.5;地肤种子乙醇提取物3种溶剂萃取物中,正丁醇萃取物的抑菌作用最强,对苹果腐烂病菌和葡萄黑痘病菌菌丝生长的EC50分别为0.10 mg·mL-1和0.24 mg·mL-1.     

Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy on Polysaccharides by Atomic Force Microscopy

Recent developments in piconewton instrumentation allow the manipulation of single molecules and measurements of intermolecular as well as intramolecular forces. Dextran filaments linked to a gold surface were probed with the atomic force microscope tip by vertical stretching. At low forces the deformation of dextran was found to be dominated by entropic forces and can be described by the Langevin function with a 6 angstrom Kuhn length. At elevated forces the strand elongation was governed by a twist of bond angles. At higher forces the dextran filaments underwent a distinct conformational change. The polymer stiffened and the segment elasticity was dominated by the bending of bond angles. The conformational change was found to be reversible and was corroborated by molecular dynamics calculations.     

Fullerenes in the cretaceous-tertiary boundary layer

High-pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-visible spectral analysis of toluene extracts of samples from two Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary sites in New Zealand has revealed the presence of C(60) at concentrations of 0.1 to 0.2 parts per million of the associated soot. This technique verified also that fullerenes are produced in similar amounts in the soots of common flames under ambient atmospheric conditions. Therefore, the C(60) in the K-T boundary layer may have originated in the extensive wildfires that were associated with the cataclysmic impact event that terminated the Mezozoic era about 65 million years ago.     

Elements 112 to 119: were they present in meteorites?

Chondrites contain a small fission xenon component of unexplained origin. Evidence on the geochemical behavior of this component suggests that it was not derived from an actinide element (Z = 89 to 103), or from a transition metal between Z = 104 and 111, but from a more volatile progenitor. The most likely candidates are the superheavy elements between Z = 112 and 119, whose lighter congeners (mercury, tellurium, lead, and the like) are known to be strongly fractionated in meteorites.