IOHEXOL AND IOPAMIDOL MYELOGRAPHY IN THE DOG: A CLINICAL TRIAL COMPARING ADVERSE EFFECTS AND MYELOGRAPHIC QUALITY

In a blind clinical trial, adverse effects after iohexol and iopamidol myelography were evaluated in 151 dogs. Eighty-one dogs were given iohexol (240 mgI/ml) and 70 dogs were given iopamidol (200 mgI/ml) by pre-determined assignment. Each dog was evaluated postmyelographically for seizures, hyperthermia, prolonged recovery from anesthesia and intensification of pre-existing neural signs. Myelographic quality was evaluated with a subjective scoring method. In comparing iohexol and iopamidol groups, there was not a statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects or in myelographic quality. Iopamidol and iohexol appeared to be equally efficacious for routine canine myelography.     

亚急性铜、镉暴露对鲤肝脏Hsp60表达的影响

试验通过实时定量PCR和Western blot技术,检测重金属铜、镉单一及联合急性暴露后鲤肝脏中Hsp60基因和蛋白水平。鲤随机分为7组,两个Cu2+处理组(0.05 mg/l和0.1 mg/l),两个镉处理组(0.63 mg/l和1.26 mg/l),两个混合处理组(0.045 mg/l和0.09 mg/l)和对照组。结果表明铜、镉单一及联合急性暴露对鲤有毒性作用,经过96 h的暴露,除混合低浓度组之外,其余各组肝脏中Hsp60基因表达水平显著提高(P0.05)。受重金属暴露的影响,初期鲤肝脏中Hsp60蛋白水平下降,随着时间推移,蛋白水平逐渐上升,混合低浓度组显著高于对照组水平(P0.05)。     

2015—2016年天津市对虾传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒感染调查

为了解天津市对虾养殖病害情况,2015—2016年从天津市的汉沽区、大港区、宁河区、静海区、津南区、西青区等对虾养殖主产区,采集养殖对虾及饵料生物等样品,应用PCR法进行对虾传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒（IHHNV）检测。2015年共检测样品186份,IHHNV阳性率为16.13%;2016年检测样品340份,IHHNV阳性率为11.76%。在凡纳滨对虾的仔虾、幼虾、中成虾中均可检出IHHNV,2015年的阳性率分别为10.88%、27.27%、37.50%,2016年分别是4.63%、22.00%、28.30%,呈下降趋势。中成虾养殖阶段的IHHNV阳性率最高,仔虾阶段的最低。本研究对天津市对虾IHHNV综合防控措施的制定提供了参考。     

Advances in the Research and Application of Artificial Insemination to Equids in China: 1935–2012

China was one of the first countries to use artificial insemination (AI) in equids, and it achieved international recognition for its widespread application of AI to commercial horse breeding. This article reviews the history of equine AI in China. The technique originated from the high demand for horses to be used in agriculture, transportation, and the military. Artificial insemination was identified as an ideal tool for Chinese horse breeding to improve the productivity of native horses, especially during 1950-1970. Presently, AI is still practiced commonly in China, and it includes the use of fresh semen and transported cooled semen. The use of frozen semen has also been resumed to broaden the range of elite Sporthorse stallions and to preserve threatened or endangered native breeds. Accurate prediction of the optimum time for insemination depended mainly on transrectal palpation of the mare's ovaries. In addition to controlled methods of insemination, factors like volume and number of spermatozoa in the inseminate and timing and frequency of insemination were optimized to accomplish high fertility rates in the field. Production of hinnies and mules for agricultural labor and donkeys for meat and hide gelatin stimulated a nationwide upsurge of research into the reproductive physiology of and AI technology in donkeys. In the future, there will be further increases in the use of traditional and modern AI techniques in the breeding of Chinese equids.     

生殖细胞在转基因鸡研究中的应用

转基因研究已证明鸡是一个很好的试验材料.转基因鸡的研究,极有助于动物生物工程、生物反应器工程和实验模型的发展.虽然它的几个生理特性对有效地进行转基因带来了一定的障碍,但是转基因鸡遗传和生理特性上的各种优势是无可比拟的.目前已从胚胎中获取原始生殖细胞(PGCs)或从成熟公鸡中得到睾丸细胞,建立了胚胎介导转基因系统和睾丸介导转基因系统,这些方法比较有效且有微小的技术改进.本文回顾了以前用原始生殖细胞和睾丸细胞进行转基因鸡的研究,并总结了鸡模型在生物医学和生物工程学上的发展以及在这个领域的成果.     

棕榈油在水产饲料中的应用

文章针对棕榈油的主要成分、生化特性以及其经济性进行了综述,并重点介绍了棕榈油作为鱼油替代油脂在几种养殖鱼类中的应用情况。与大豆油、油菜籽油等相比,棕榈油价低,产量稳定,有较高的脂肪生产力,较低的不良脂肪酸沉积。其在鲑鳟等冷水性鱼中,以不同的比例替代鱼油或与其他植物油混合替代鱼油取得了较好的效果,增加了饲料的抗氧化性。研究表明,在饲料中用棕榈油部分替换鱼油对大西洋鲑、虹鳟、欧洲鲈等的生长、体化学组成及肌肉的脂肪酸比例等没有显著影响。     

猪瘟免疫接种抗体效价检测试验

1前言猪瘟只有一个血清型,免疫注射是防止猪瘟的重要手段。我国猪瘟兔化弱毒苗自1956年研制成功以来,在全国各地广泛应用,证明安全有效。免疫疫苗24小时后,即可抵抗自然感染,第3天产生可靠的免疫力;在疫区对体温及体况正常的猪用此苗紧急接种,能迅速终止疫情发展。断奶仔猪接种疫苗后产生的免疫期至少1年。幼年仔猪的免疫期视其由初乳获得的母源抗体而异,有的达1年,有的不及1个月。仔猪获得的母源抗体,一般可维持30～45d,对主动免疫力的产生有干扰作用。如免疫过早,因母源抗体水平高,产生的免疫力差,免疫期很短,因而有接种后不久发生猪瘟的…     

Efficacy of a piglet-specific commercial inactivated vaccine against Porcine circovirus type 2 in clinical field trials

The efficacy of a piglet-specific inactivated Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine was evaluated with clinical field trials, as recommended by the Republic of Korea’s Animal, Plant & Fisheries Quarantine & Inspection Agency. Three farms were selected on the basis of their history of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. On each farm 60, 1-week-old pigs were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups: vaccination at 1 and 3 wk of age or no vaccination. The 2-dose schedule of vaccination with inactivated PCV2 vaccine improved the average daily weight gain from birth to 16 wk of age, the PCV2 load in the blood, and the frequency and severity of lymph node lesions. Inactivated PCV2 vaccine seems to be very effective in controlling PCV2 infection under field conditions.     

日粮添加镁、硒、铬对热应激肉仔鸡血清生化和血液流变学的影响

试验旨在研究热应激情况下镁、硒、铬联合添加对肉仔鸡血清生化指标和血液流变学的影响。选用240只1日龄AA肉公鸡,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复。T1为常温对照组,T2、T3、T4为热应激组。T1、T2饲喂基础日粮,T3、T4在基础日粮中分别添加镁、硒、铬2000、1.5、1.5mg/kg和4000、3.0、3.0mg/kg。结果表明:T3、T4组热应激鸡只死亡率显著降低,血清TP、ALB、GLOB、HDL水平显著升高(P0.05),GLU、BUN、TC含量显著降低(P0.05)。同时,T3、T4组的GPT、CK酶活力及低切变率下的全血黏度均显著降低(P0.05)。试验表明,联合添加镁、硒、铬能有效改善热应激肉鸡的血液生化和血液流变学指标,减轻热应激对机体的损伤,从而降低鸡只死亡率。     

近红外光谱分析技术在饲料检测中的应用

近红外光谱（Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy,简称NIRS）分析技术是20世纪70年代发展起来的一项高效、快速的现代分析技术,它综合运用了计算机技术、光谱技术和化学计量学等多个学科的最新研究成果,以其独特的优点在多个领域特别是农业领域得到广泛的应用。随着计算机技术和化学计量学的应用,