Effects of nitrogen and water stress on the rehydration,endogenous hormonal regulation and yield of maize

Water scarcity is known to be a strong limiting factor affecting maize grown and yield in cold semi-arid regions. Numerous studies have shown that rehydration improves maize growth. Our study aimed to explore the effects of rehydration treatments on maize growth and yield under water and nitrogen stress during different growth stages. We selected the drought-tolerant maize variety Nendan 19 (ND19) and subjected it to water stress during the V6 (sixth-leaf), R2 (filling) and R6 (maturity) growth stages and a rehydration treatment after each stress stage. Our results indicated that N1 (N100 kg N ha⁻¹) and N3 (N300 kg N ha⁻¹) treatments significantly increased the leaf moisture status relative to water content (RWC), bound water content (BWC), free water content (FWC) and water potential (WP)) at different growth stages. Similar trends were observed in the accumulation of plant leaf and root hormones (zeatin+zeatin riboside, indole-3-acetic acid, abscisic acid and gibberellic acid), photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence. However, under the same water stress conditions, they decreased as the N rate increased and reached a minimum value in the S3 (water stress for N3) treatments. In addition, with growth stage advancement and extension of the rehydration time, both showed a gradual upward trend. The results showed that to save water resources in the cold semi-arid region, rehydration treatments (R2S1 and R2S3) significantly increased the photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, leaf moisture status, biomass, 100-grain weight, hormone content, ear characteristics and grain yield of maize.     

罗布麻属和白麻属种子形态特征及生活力的测定方法

以采自新疆维吾尔自治区阿勒泰市阿拉哈克镇境内的罗布麻属(Apocynum)和白麻属(Poacynum) 8个基因型植物的种子为材料,进行了8个基因型植物种子形态特征、千粒重和生活力测定方法探究。研究结果显示,参试罗布麻种子的长为2.75 mm,宽为0.68 mm,厚为0.49 mm。白麻属7个基因型中以紫斑中花的种子最长,为4.51 mm;青杆白花最宽,为0.90 mm;青杆白花和大叶白麻最厚,为0.61 mm。8个基因型种子的长、宽、高的变化范围分别为2.75～4.51、0.68～0.90和0.48～0.61 mm。其中,紫斑中花为最大基因型,罗布麻为最小基因型。千粒重变化范围在0.38～1.32 g,所有参试种子颜色均为褐色,其中以大叶白麻颜色最深。参试种子均表现出非休眠性种子萌发的特征,萌发时间较短,可以用来快速测定参试种子的生活力。采用四唑染色测定生活力时,参试种子均表现出不透四唑的特征,应该纵切切破种皮,预湿时间为12～14 h,染色时间为12 h,鉴定标准为种子胚80%完全染色。此次针对罗布麻属和白麻属种子形态特征与生活力测定方法的研究,能够为罗布麻种子生活力鉴定、大规模种...     

Both TGF-β1 and Smad4 regulate type I collagen expression in the muscle of grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - Type I collagen is proven to make an important contribution to fish muscle quality. Our previous study has shown the Smad4-dependent regulation of type I collagen...     

福建省油茶林主要传粉昆虫种类及访花行为

对福建省福州、泉州、龙岩、南平、宁德等地油茶林传粉昆虫及其访花行为进行了调查,结果表明:福建省油茶林中主要传粉昆虫有24种,分属于3目11科17属,其中膜翅目的昆虫种类最多,有11种;大分舌蜂是油茶最重要的传粉昆虫,其数量多,传粉效率高;传粉昆虫日活动时间在12∶00—14∶30出现高峰,昆虫个体数量平均占全天总数的70%左右;油茶传粉昆虫的访花行为因昆虫的访花目的不同而有较大差异,温度和光照是影响传粉昆虫数量、行为和频率的主要因素。     

4UMS-390Ⅱ型木薯收获机的研制

木薯块根是工业上主要的制淀粉原料之一,世界上木薯全部产量的65%用于人类食物,但国内木薯收获机的研制尚未见到相关系统报道.为此,阐述了一种木薯收获机的主要结构、工作原理、主要技术参数及试验结果.试验结果表明,该机型满足设计要求,且能够满足生产要求.     

Numerical Analysis of Acoustic Environment with Finite Element Method

The acoustic environment of highway tunnel is complex and has influences on the driving safety and comfort. In case of emergency, evacuation information is difficult to transfer. Finite element method is used for calculating highway tunnel acoustic modal and attenuation characteristics. The results show that acoustic mode of highway tunnel has symmetry in the horizontal pressure amplitude of symmetry regional is equal and phase is the same or opposite. The higher modal frequency, the greater sound pressure amplitude is, and the effect of tunnel length on modal frequency is smaller. Decay curves of pressure level at each point in the highway tunnel over time are nonlinear. After the source excitation, in 1.5 s, attenuation rate is faster than that of few seconds later and the attenuation time of sound pressure level 30 dB is 5.5 to 7 s.     

圆叶决明草粉替代不同比例精料喂兔效果研究

利用豆科牧草圆叶决明Chamaecrista routundifolia CPI34721草粉分别以10%,15%,20%不同比例替代精料进行肉兔喂养试验.试验结果表明:与对照相比较,在兔只平均日增重、饲料利用率方面,各处理与对照差异不显著.替代10%和15%精料处理可显著提高兔肉品质,替代20%精料的处理在经济效益方面最佳,可提高经济效益5.15%.     

大麦不同品种不同播期幼穗分化时期形态诊断研究

 大麦幼穗分化进程与植株外部形态关系密切,1997年对5个大麦品种(品系)、不同播期的幼穗分化与叶龄、叶龄余数和叶枕距的关系进行了初步研究。结果表明,同一品种不同播期幼穗分化各阶段的叶龄基本一致,不同品种同一播期幼穗分化各阶段的叶龄有明显差异,弱春性品种主茎总叶数较多,幼穗分化起步迟,进程慢,春性品种主茎叶数较少,幼穗分化起步早,进程快。应用叶龄、叶龄余数和叶枕距等指标来判断幼穗分化各阶段,对于采取相应的栽培技术措施、促进小穗分化和小花发育都有重要意义。     

歙县枇杷产业化的发展与对策

主要介绍了枇杷的生物学特性和营养价值、药用价值,在分析了歙县枇杷生产现状的基础上,指出了歙县枇杷产业化发展存在的问题,并提出了发展枇杷产业需要通过采取适度规模化生产、合理品种组成、加强产后服务、实现产品深加工和综合利用等对策。     

应用荧光定量PCR 技术分析普通菜豆品种中尖镰孢菜豆专化型定殖量

尖镰孢菜豆专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli)引起的菜豆枯萎病是菜豆生产中最严重的维管束类病害之一, 防治该病害有效方法是利用抗病品种。因此, 一种能够从菜豆受侵染组织中准确鉴定并定量检测枯萎病原菌含量的方法将有助于筛选抗性品种, 应用于普通菜豆枯萎病抗病育种。本研究基于荧光定量PCR技术开发出一种能够对定殖于菜豆组织中的枯萎病原菌准确定量的新方法。该技术对根、茎组织中病原菌DNA的最低检测量为1 pg, 能在接种病原菌6 d后明显区分抗病性不同的品种, 可在菜豆植株表现出明显发病症状前准确鉴定不同品种抗性水平的差异。经验证参试的感病品种BRB-130和A0640-1根、茎组织中定殖的病原菌DNA量显著高于抗病品种260205和黑芸豆, 与表型鉴定的结果完全符合。利用荧光定量PCR技术能够在病原菌侵染早期快速、准确、高效定量菜豆组织中定殖的病原菌, 这对指导菜豆抗病育种和植物病害传播的研究都具有非常重要价值。