苜蓿抗寒机理器抗寒育种研究进展

从渗透调节、过氧化作用、低温诱导蛋白、光合作用4个方面论述了苜蓿适应低温胁迫的机理，简介了苜蓿抗寒性育种研究进展，提出了尚待进一步研究的问题。     

Correction of the Mutant SLA-1-632-TPK Gene from ToPigs Pig and Construction of SLA-1-TPK/pMD19-T Recombinant Plasmid

The swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) genes in pigs were the important immune gene group in antigen presentation, and studing on SLA could provide the references for the prevention of some infectious diseases. Earlier studies found that SLA-1-632-TPK gene in ToPigs pig had a deleted base in its coding sequence (a single base "C" was lost in 632 bp from the 5' end of the SLA-1-632-TPK gene), which lead to frameshift mutation. In order to correct the SLA-1-632-TPK gene, two pairs of gene-correction's primers were designed to correct the gene by the splicing overlap extension PCR (SOE-PCR) in template of recombinant plasmid of SLA-1-632-TPK/pMD18-T. Firstly,the 5'and 3'ends of SLA-1-632-TPK gene were amplified, respectively, then both of them were spliced and amplified to form an intact SLA-1-632-TPK gene. After detected by agarose electrophoresis, the interest of the product was further cloned into pMD19-T Simple vector. The positive clones were screened by colony PCR and then sequenced. The result showed that the 5'and 3' ends of the SLA-1-632-TPK gene were all amplified successfully by SOE-PCR, with the products of about 650 and 590 bp, which were consistent with the theoretical value of 648 and 585 bp, respectively. After spliced, the intact sequence of SLA-1-632-TPK gene was obtained with the product of about 1 200 bp, which was close to the theoretical value of 1 223 bp. The colony PCR result showed that the corrected gene was successfully inserted into pMD19-T Simple vector . After the sequence was analyzed by GENETYX version 9.0, it was shown that the nucleotide "C" in 632 bp numbered from the 5'end of the gene was added and the SLA-1-632-TPK gene was coded correctly. In this study, the SLA-1-632-TPK was corrected successfully, and the recombinant plasmid SLA-1-TPK/pMD19-T was constructed, which would lay a foundation to further study the protein expression and associated function of SLA-1-TPK.     

3种乳酸菌制剂对苜蓿和羊草的青贮效果

以苜蓿Medicago stativa和羊草Leymus chinensis为研究对象,通过对其发酵品质和化学成分的研究,探讨Lalsil Dry（LD）、H/MF INOCULANT（H/MF）和青宝II号（FS）3种乳酸菌制剂对羊草和苜蓿青贮的影响。结果表明：羊草直接青贮较易成功,添加LD、FS和质量分数0.01%的H/MF可以显著提高青贮料乳酸生成量（P<0.05）,显著降低丁酸生成量（P<0.05）,获得优质的青贮饲料;苜蓿直接青贮pH值和丁酸含量较高,不能调制优质青贮饲料,在试验中添加3种乳酸菌制剂亦未获得优质的青贮料,但LD处理组和0.002 5% FS处理对青贮料的发酵品质较对照有一定的改善。另外,3种乳酸菌制剂处理青贮料中的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量与对照无显著差异（P>0.05）。     

4种蛙皮肤活性肽的提取及生物活性比较

利用80%甲醇和乙醚刺激方法,分别提取了4种两栖类动物皮肤粗提物和分泌物,并进行了生物学活性的测定.结果表明,4种蛙皮肤粗提物具有广谱抗菌活性,其中中国林蛙有轻微的溶血性,牛蛙与美国青蛙粗提物具有胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性;而4种蛙皮肤粗提物均无胰蛋白酶活性,牛蛙、美国青蛙与东北林蛙具有很强的凝集素活性.利用MTT法检测到4种蛙皮粗提物具有抗肿瘤细胞与抗病毒活性.     

动物园草食动物肠道寄生虫感染情况和治疗效果回顾性分析

应用离心沉淀法和饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法对郑州市动物园22种草食动物共88份粪便样品进行调查。寄生虫总感染率为19.31%,球虫、线虫和鞭虫感染率分别为7.95%、12.50%和2.27%。数据分析显示,寄生虫感染率逐年递减,比2003年降低了39.95%,感染程度也明显减轻。表明该园防控措施具有良好效果,为今后动物园制定有关寄生虫病防治措施提供了参考依据。     

成年兔睾丸支持细胞的分离纯化研究

本试验以5月龄公兔为试验动物,去除睾丸被膜及血管,分离出完整的曲精细管后 用0．5％胰蛋白酶和0．1％胶原酶消化并进行低渗处理,将制成的细胞悬液植入25 cm2的培 养瓶,于38．7℃、5％CO2条件下培养,结果表明:经1:3Hanks超纯水低渗处理后,离体支持 细胞纯度和活率分别达到72．04％和84．5％,显著提高了离体支持细胞的获取量和活率。     

应用微卫星DNA标记对BWEL-SPF鸡种群的群体遗传学分析

本研究利用14个鸡微卫星DNA标记位点,采用DNA测序仪和荧光素标记分子内标,建立了鸡分子遗传学的检测方法,对F15世代BWEL-SPF鸡种群8个家系群体内和群体间的遗传结构进行了分析。结果表明,被检位点35.7%(5/14)的基因型趋于纯合,家系内等位基因的变异程度显著降低。F-统计量检验结果表明,家系间的遗传分化均达到了极显著水平(P0.001),群体间的变异占到了总遗传变异的12.9%。     

Nonapeptide突变体制备及抗新城疫病毒活性研究

以生物工程技术表达及120 g/L SDS-PAGE电泳纯化Nonapeptide突变体,取制备的Non-apeptide突变体进行抗新城疫病毒(NDV)的鸡胚试验、鸡体内抗NDV试验。结果表明,当Nonapeptide突变体基因产物浓度达4μg/mL～6μg/mL,对鸡胚保护率均达到100%,感染鸡胚全部存活;Nonapeptide突变体基因产物浓度大于4μg/mL,对NDV有很好的抑制作用,鸡用药后3 d体内检测不到NDV,低剂量组(2μg/mL)也有较好的抑制NDV作用,鸡用药后5 d体内检测不到NDV。Nonapeptide突变体基因产物具有NDV多克隆抗体相似活性,能够抑制鸡胚中和组织培养中NDV的繁殖,具有中和、抑制NDV吸附作用。     

抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒核蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及抗原表位鉴定

为鉴定鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)抗原表位,本研究将IBV tl/CH/LDT3/03株免疫BALB/c小鼠,将其脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,经克隆筛选,得到两株针对IBV核(N)蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb)6H3和6F9,其染色体数目分别为90条和102条,MAb亚类鉴定分别属于IgG1和IgG2b,轻链均为κ链。对MAb6H3和6F9的抗原表位进行初步鉴定,将N基因分成8个片段克隆于pGEX-6p-1载体中,转化BL21(DE3)内诱导表达。经western blot分析,MAb6H3表位的初步定位在aa80～aa99,而MAb6F9表位的初步定位在aa64～aa82。而且MAb6F9还能特异性识别其他5株IBV的天然N蛋白,推测它们含有一个相同的B细胞表位。     

鸭MyoG基因编码区的克隆及其在鸭心肌组织发育中的表达研究

肌细胞生成素(myogenin,MyoG)在胚胎发育中发挥作用,并能与在心脏发育过程中起重要作用的MEF2基因家族协同促进肌肉的分化,而其在心肌发育中的作用却鲜有报道。为研究其在胚胎心肌组织发育过程中的作用,本研究扩增了鸭MyoG基因CDS序列,并采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测了MyoG在鸭E10、E14、E18、E22、E27 d及出生后1周雏鸭(P7 d)心肌组织中共6个阶段的表达变化。基因扩增得到鸭MyoG基因CDS序列共684bp,编码227个氨基酸,预测其含有碱性螺旋-环-螺旋(bHLH)结构域。结果表明:MyoG在鸭E10 d中的表达量最高,显著高于E14、E18、E22和E27 d(P0.05);E14 d与E18 d,E22 d和E27 d之间的表达差异不显著(P0.05);MyoG在鸭出壳前心肌组织中的表达量整体呈现下降趋势,出生后1周,表达量又明显上升,与E22 d和E27 d差异显著(P0.05)。MyoG在鸭心肌组织的发育中起作用,其机理可能是通过MyoG的bHLH结构域直接或以MEF2基因家族介导间接实现对心脏发育的调控。