火焰原子吸收法测定严碧莎炎可宁片中六种金属元素

运用火焰原子吸收光谱法对中成药严碧莎炎可宁片中Fe、Zn、Cu、Mg、Ca和Mn 6种金属元素进行了测定。用浓HNO3-H2O2处理样品,采用标准曲线法测定。所测定的样品中含有丰富的人体必需的金属元素,采用此方法回收率在97.6%～108.0%。本方法简单、准确,结果令人满意。     

羽衣甘蓝×芥菜型油菜种间杂种再生和染色体加倍

以羽衣甘蓝和芥菜型油菜种间杂种(ZH201)(2=3x=ABC=27)为试验材料,以花序轴,果柄和子房为外植体,采用不同处理对其进行再生研究;对获得的再生试管苗用秋水仙素和二甲基亚砜进行处理,比较不同因素对染色体加倍的影响;对获得的三倍体和六倍体植株进行形态学和细胞学比较.结果表明:杂种植株再生频率从高到低依次为果柄、子房、花序轴,将外植体直接接种到分化培养基(MS+0.2 NAA+3.0 mg/L 6 BA 3.0 mg/L+5.0 mg/L AgNO3+0.6 mg/L GA3)上再生频率最高.在染色体加倍处理方面,以100 mg/L秋水仙素处理根尖24 h效果最好,获得的六倍体植株与三倍体相比,花朵颜色较深,花瓣较大,花药饱满,荚果能够正常生长,获得部分种子.在细胞学上,三倍体植株在花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ存在着大量单价体,后期Ⅰ、后期Ⅱ发现有大量染色体落后现象.六倍体植株中在花粉母细胞减数分裂后期Ⅰ、后期Ⅱ也发现有染色体落后现象,但是落后染色体比三倍体少.

Abstract：

Rachises, pedicels and ovaries from the interspecific hybrid ZH201 (2n= 3X=ABC=27) between Brassica oleracea var. acephala and B. juncea were used as explants and cultured on different media to study their frequency of regeneration. The regenerated plantlets were treated with colchicine or Dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO) to compare their effect on chromosome doubling and to obtain hexaploid plants. The morphological and cytological characteristics of the triploid and hexaploid plants were compared. The results showed that plantlet regeneration frequency of the explants was in the order of pedicel ＞ ovary ＞ rachis. The highest regeneration frequency was obtained when the explants were directly inoculated on the differentiation medium MS+0.2 mg/L NAA+3.0 mg/L 6-BA+ 5.0 mg/L AgNO3 +0.6mg/L GA3. The treatment of root meristem with 100 mg/L colchicine solution for 24 hours yielded the best results of chromosome doubling. Compared with their triploid counterparts, the hexaploid plants obtained had bigger petals with darker color and well-filled anther and normal pods and, as a result, yielded some seeds. In cytological examination, many univalent chromosomes were observed during meiosis metaphase I of pollen mother cells of the triploid plants and many lagging chromosomes during anaphase I and anaphase Ⅱ. Though lagging chromosomes were also detected during anaphase Ⅱ and anaphase Ⅱ of the hexaploid plants, their number was much smaller than that of the triploid plants.     

生防链霉菌Men-myco-93-63遗传转化体系的建立和优化*

玫瑰黄链霉菌(Streptomyces roseoflavus)Men-myco-93-63是分离自马铃薯疮痂病(S.scabies)自然衰退土壤中的一株拮抗菌.该菌株及其发酵液对棉花黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae)、瓜类白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca fuziginea Poll.)等多种重要的植物病原菌具有很强的抑制作用,有良好的生防应用潜力.为了对玫瑰黄链霉菌Men-myco-93-63中一些功能基因进行研究,得到高产抗生素的工程菌株,首先应对该菌的遗传转化条件进行优化.作者分别以基因整合型质粒pSET152和基因破坏型质pKC1139为出发质粒,ET12567(PUZ8002,pSET152/pKC1139)为供体,Men-myco-93-63孢子和菌丝体为受体,选取MS、PDA、TSB琼脂培养基、燕麦培养基为不同的培养基进行接合转移试验.结果表明MS培养基为接合转移的最适培养基,经验证,已成功地将质粒pSET152/pKC1139转入到了Men-myco-93-63中.以孢子为受体时,孢子预萌发条件为50℃热激10 min,37℃温育2.5 h,转化效率是10-7～10-6.以菌丝体为受体时,转化效率是10-7～10-6,但菌丝培养过程中容易出现污染.另外,抗生素的覆盖时间对接合转移效率的影响较明显,16～18 h覆盖效果最好.     

苦荞过敏原TBa和TBb基因的共表达及其包涵体复性的研究

[研究目的]利用大肠杆菌共表达苦荞过敏蛋白的两个亚基,并对表达产物进行包涵体复性研究和免疫学活性分析;[方法]用已构建的表达质pET-28a-TBa和pET-32m-TBb,共转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态,利用双抗生素筛选法,获得稳定遗传的双质粒转化子,经IPTG诱导,两个基因在同一宿主菌中共表达,在共表达产物复性过程中,两个亚基互为分子伴侣,相互促进了蛋白质的重新正确折叠;[结果]表迭蛋白以包涵体的形式存在,ELISA检测表明:复性后的蛋白免疫学活性得到了提高;[结论]由此获得了有活性的蛋白质,并且建立了不相容双质粒共表达外源基因和包涵体复性的方法.     

Screening for Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Membrane Proteins of Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Blocking the Infection of IBDV

This article aims to establish an efficient assay for screening monoclonal antibodies （McAbs） against the membrane proteins of chicken embryo fibroblast （CEF） for further studies of the cellular receptors of infectious bursal disease virus （IBDV）. McAbs against the membrane proteins of CEF were prepared by cell fusion. The monolayer CEF pre-incubated with the CEF-specific McAbs for 2 h were infected with IBDV and incubated with F22-EA6-biotin postinfection. Then, the cells were reacted with streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase （HRP） and finally stained by 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole （AEC）. The inhibitive percentage of IBDV infection was calculated by counting the IBDV-infected cells to determine the inhibition efficiency of the CEF-specific McAbs. Compared with the control cells, the IBDV-infected cells pretreated with CEF-specific antibody significantly decreased; supernatant fluids of a total of 768 hybridomas were analyzed. The results of immunohistochemistry assays showed that six of them （1A5, 1H11, 2B 12, 3G1, 4D10, and 4B8） have the abilities to block the infection of IBDV to CEF, among which 4B8 can perfectly block the infection. This novel method is a sensitive and specific assay for the screening of CEF membrane protein-specific McAbs, which can block the infection of IBDV to CEF, and these McAbs can be used for the further investigations of the cellular receptors of IBDV.     

Metacaspase在酵母凋亡过程中的作用

Metacaspase是由YCA1/MCA1编码的一种哺乳动物caspases同系物。由于其分子结构的差异,使其断裂为不同的特异性底物。在哺乳动物中,凋亡被一组蛋白酶caspases定向激活,断裂特异性底物且触发细胞死亡。环境损伤、细胞内缺陷、预凋亡基因的异源表达诱导具有典型凋亡特征的酵母细胞死亡与metacaspase紧密相关。删除metacaspase可以阻碍不同因素引起的死亡,metacaspase在酵母细胞凋亡中具有核心作用。     

FCS和BSA对小鼠早期胚胎体外培养的影响

本实验是在CZB和Whitten’s Medium 2种培养液中添加胎牛血清(FCS)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA),比较它们对小白鼠早期胚胎体外发育的影响。结果如下:在培养注射HCG后37～39h的小鼠胚胎时,添加FCS的CZB培养液中通过发育阻断期的胚胎和发育到囊胚的胚胎均明显高于添加BSA的CZB培养液(80.9%、64.3%和41.7%、29.6%),差异显著(P0.05);当用上述液培养注射HCG后44h的小鼠胚胎时,不管是进口培养皿还是国产培养皿,胚胎发育率的差异均不显著(P0.05);在用CZB和Whitten’s培养液分别添加FCS和BSA后,培养注射HCG后44h2-细胞小鼠胚胎时,不论添加FCS还是BSA,在CZB培养液中胚胎发育率均高于Whitten’s培养液(P0.05),但添加FCS和BSA之间的差异不显著(P0.05)。     

分布式电源的配电网潮流计算

分析了分布式发电系统的特点和发展状态,重点研究了分布式发电系统接入电网的数学模型,并对常见的几种分布式电源的节点类型进行了划分,归结为PQ节点、PV节点、PI节点和P-Q(V)节点。分别针对这些类型的节点的各自特点,提出了基于前推回代法的配电网三相不平衡潮流计算方法,并根据分布式电源对电压的调节和无功补偿能力,研究了不同类型电源对配电网电压的影响。     

基于数字摄影测量的森林蓄积量估算

利用收集到的东北林业大学哈尔滨市城市林业基地的16张航片和相应的外方位元素,建立了一个测区,通过模型的内定向、相对定向和绝对定向构建了测区的立体像对模型,选择了有代表性的8个小班.在立体像对模型的基础之上,利用专业的数字摄影测量平台估测了8个小班的蓄积量.同时用样地法实地测量了8个小班的蓄积量,并将实地估算结果与数字摄影测量估算结果进行了对比分析.分析发现:两组数据的差异不显著,基于数字摄影测量的蓄积量估算平均精度为85.3%,最高精度为98.7%.研究结论说明,使用数字摄影测量方法估测其蓄积量,其精度比较高,该方法可以在一定条件下接近或满足森林资源调查的精度要求.     

棉花光子基因N1和n2的遗传分析及染色体定位的分子证据

用棉花显性光子突变体N_1与陆地棉遗传标准系TM-1、海岛棉品种新海7号和海7124杂交,共配制3个F_2分离群体和1个BC_1群体;用隐性光子突变体n_2与TM-1、海岛棉品种新海7号和军海1号杂交,共配制3个F_2分离群体和2个BC_1群体。遗传分析结果表明:显性光子突变体N_1和隐性光子突变体n_2与正常海岛棉、陆地棉品种(系)在光子性状上均存在1对基因的差异,符合单基因遗传模式。用SSR分子标记对显性光子基因N_1进行定位,结果显示,N_1位于染色体A12(Chr.12)上,与目的基因最近的标记是BNL1679,遗传距离为1.9 cM。用SSR分子标记对隐性光子基因n_2进行定位,结果表明:在海×陆种间群体中,n_2基因位于染色体A12上,与n_2基因最近的分子标记是BNL1679,遗传距离为2.7 cM,而在陆×陆种内群体中,n_2基因则位于染色体D12(Chr.26)上。根据遗传分析和分子定位结果,推测隐性光子性状在异源四倍体棉花中可能在部分同源染色体上存在重复基因,导致隐性光子基因n_2在不同类型的分离群体中定位在不同的部分同源染色体上。