This study aimed to evaluate the intake, digestion, blood parameters, and feeding behavior of crossbred dairy cows (Holstein?×?Gir) managed on Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzania-1 and provided supplementation with groundnut cake, sunflower cake, or palm kernel cake (to replace soybean meal). Sixteen cows were randomly assigned in a Latin square design with four treatments and four experimental periods. The consumption of nutrients from the pasture did not vary between experimental treatments. Cows receiving the palm kernel cake supplement had a reduced crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrate, and total digestible nutrient intake and an increase in the average consumption of ether extract. There was also a reduction in the digestibility of dry matter. The inclusion of supplements in the diet did not influence the average time spent eating, ruminating, or resting. The mean values of respiratory and heart rates showed thermal comfort during the trial period. There was a reduction in blood urea nitrogen with palm kernel cake supplementation, and the values of total protein, albumin, and glucose were also significantly different with this supplement. It is recommended that cakes of groundnut cake and sunflower cake seed be used for a total replacement of soybean meal supplements for lactating cows, but the use of palm kernel cake is not recommended.
针对当前生猪规模化养殖过程中基于热红外技术的生猪体温测量效率低的问题,提出了一种基于改进YOLO v7的生猪群体体温检测方法。改进YOLO v7算法在Head层引入VoV-GSCSP结构,降低网络结构复杂度;使用内容感知特征重组(Content-aware reassembly of features,CARAFE)替换模型原始上采样算子,提高特征图放大后的品质,强化生猪头部区域有效特征;引入感受野增强模块(Receptive field enhancement module,RFE),增强特征金字塔对生猪头部特征的提取能力。本文改进YOLO v7算法对于生猪头部的检测精确率为87.9%,召回率为92.5%,平均精度均值(Mean average precision,mAP)为94.7%。与原始YOLO v7相比,精确率提高3.6个百分点,召回率提高7.0个百分点,mAP提高3.6个百分点。该方法首先自动检测生猪头部区域,再利用头部最大温度与耳根温度的高相关性,最终自动获取生猪体温。温度提取平均绝对误差仅为0.16℃,检测速度为222f/s,实现了生猪群体体温的实时精准检测。综合上述试验结果表明,该方法能够自动定位生猪群体的头部区域,满足生猪群体体温测定的高效和高精度要求,为群养生猪体温自动检测提供了有效的技术支撑。 相似文献
Resistance to fumigants has been frequently reported in insect pests of stored products and is one of the obstacles in controlling these pests. The authors studied phosphine resistance and its physiological basis in adult insects of 12 populations of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Tenebrionidae), ten populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Bostrichidae) and eight populations of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Silvanidae) from Brazil, and the possible existence of fitness costs associated with phosphine resistance in the absence of this fumigant. The bioassays for the detection of phosphine resistance followed the FAO standard method. The production of carbon dioxide and the instantaneous rate of population increase (r(i)) of each population of each species were correlated with their resistance ratios at the LC(50). The resistance ratio at LC(50) in T. castaneum ranged from 1.0- to 186.2-fold, in R. dominica from 2.0- to 71.0-fold and in O. surinamensis from 1.9- to 32.2-fold. Ten populations of T. castaneum, nine populations of R. dominica and seven populations of O. surinamensis were resistant to phosphine. In all three species there was significant association (P < 0.05) between respiration rate and phosphine resistance. The populations with lower carbon dioxide production showed a higher resistance ratio, suggesting that the lower respiration rate is the physiological basis of phosphine resistance by reducing the fumigant uptake in the resistant insects. Conversely, populations with higher r(i) showed lower resistance ratios, which could indicate a lower rate of reproduction of the resistant populations compared with susceptible populations. Thus, management strategies based on the interruption of phosphine fumigation may result in reestablishment of susceptibility, and shows good potential for more effective management of phosphine-resistant populations. 相似文献
Journal of Pest Science - The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), has invaded most Afro-Eurasian countries and is threatening worldwide tomato... 相似文献