全混合日粮营养水平对肉牛育肥效果的影响

采用完全随机单位组设计方法,设计并开展试验,评价TMR营养水平对肉牛增重效果、产肉性能和经济效益的影响,结果表明:提高TMR营养水平可以提高肉牛日增重8.79%、采食速度、降低采食量0.65%;可以改善屠宰性能,提高肉牛屠宰率0.47%、净肉率1.28%、胴体产肉率1.46%及优质切块肉的比重;可以提高饲料报酬;两种经济效益分别提高159.53元、385.79元。综合以上结果得出,提高TMR营养水平可以提高肉牛增重效果、产肉性能及经济效益。     

动物及动物产品公路运输监督现状与对策

公路是动物及动物产品运输的一条重要途径,我国在一些主要公路干线上设立了临时公路运输检疫监督站(点),对运输动物及其产品的过往车辆进行查证验物、消毒等检疫监督。但随着公路运营能力的日益增强和各地对公路运输监督检查站管理上的差异,在公路运输监督检查中存在的问题也日益复杂。     

Effects of chromium nicotinate on performance, carcase characteristics and blood chemistry of growing turkeys

1. The objective of this trial was to study the effects of chromium nicotinate (Cr) supplementation on the performance, carcase characteristics and blood constituents of 9 to 22 week-old male turkeys. 2. Fifty-four 8-week-old male turkeys weighing 2.9 +/- 0.28 kg were allocated at random into 9 groups with 3 dietary treatments and 3 replicates. The dietary treatment was different dietary concentrations of chromium in the basal diet, to provide 0 (control), 1 or 3 mg/kg. The feeding trial lasted for 14 weeks. 3. Results showed that 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly improved weight gain and food intake at 9 to 18 weeks of age but did not significantly influence performance at 19 to 22 week of age. The breast and thigh muscle were significantly increased in birds receiving 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation but were decreased by 3 mg/kg of supplementation. 4. Dietary chromium supplementation did not significantly influence other serum constituents, including insulin, HDL, VLDL+LDL, HDL-C, VLDL-C+LDL-C, total protein, albumin, and gamma-globulin at 18 and 22 weeks of age. 5. The serum triacylglycerol (TG) and uric acid contents were significantly increased, while glycerol and alpha-globulin were significantly reduced by 3 mg/kg chromium supplementation. However, 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly reduced serum cholesterol and glycerol at 18-weeks old. At 22 weeks of age, 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly increased serum glucose and decreased the uric acid concentration whereas 3 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly increased the creatinine concentration and decreased beta-globulin concentration.     

苜蓿皂甙对蛋鸡生产性能、屠体指标、胆固醇及血清脂质的影响

试验选用288只400日龄海兰褐商品蛋鸡,随机分为4个处理,每组72只鸡,设4个重复,每个重复18只鸡,采用单因素方差设计。在玉米-豆粕型日粮基础上添加0、30、60、90mg/kg的苜蓿皂甙进行60d的饲养试验,研究苜蓿皂甙对蛋鸡生产性能、屠体指标、胆固醇及血清脂质的影响。结果表明:日粮中添加苜蓿皂甙对产蛋率、平均蛋重、耗料量和料蛋比没有显著影响(P>0.05);60mg/kg和90mg/kg苜蓿皂甙能够显著降低腹脂率(P<0.05),60mg/kg能够提高半胫膛率(P<0.05)和降低肝脏胆固醇浓度(P<0.05)。添加组血清中总胆固醇极显著降低(P<0.01),60mg/kg和90mg/kg苜蓿皂甙组甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白质显著降低(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白有所提高(P>0.05)。综合分析得出,日粮中添加60mg/kg的苜蓿皂甙效果最佳。     

犬眼吸吮线虫病诊治

犬眼吸吮线虫病是由丽嫩吸吮线虫寄生于第三眼睑和结膜下引起,常导致犬眼部损伤,笔者诊治4例犬眼吸吮线虫病,犬只康复,现将诊治情况报道如下。     

Differential expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma gene in various chicken tissues

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are the members of superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. A great number of studies in rodent and human have shown that PPARs were involved in the lipids metabolism. The goal of the current study was to investigate the expression pattern of PPAR genes in various tissues of chicken. The tissue samples (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, intestine, brain, breast muscle and adipose) were collected from six Arber Acres broilers (8 weeks old, male and female birds are half and half). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Northern blot were used to characterize the expression of PPAR-alpha and PPAR-gamma genes in the above tissues. By semi-quantitative RT-PCR, the results showed the expression level of PPAR-alpha gene was higher in brain, lung, kidney, heart and intestine, medium in stomach, liver and adipose than in spleen, and it did not express in breast muscle. The expression level of PPAR-gamma gene was higher in adipose, medium in brain and kidney than in spleen, heart, lung, stomach and intestine, but it did not express in liver and breast muscle. Northern blot results showed that PPAR-alpha gene expressed in heart, liver, kidney and stomach, and the intensity of hybridization signal was the stronger in liver and kidney than in other tissues, however, PPAR-gamma gene only expressed in adipose and kidney tissues. The results of this study showed the profile of PPAR gene expression in the chicken was similar to that in rodent, human and pig. However the expression profile of chicken also have its own specific trait, i.e. compared with mammals, PPAR-alpha gene can not be detected in skeletal muscle and PPAR-gamma gene can be stronger expressed in kidney tissues. This work will provide some basic data for the PPAR genes expression and lipids metabolism of birds.     

抗生素对桑树外植体生长与分化的影响

试验比较了不同种类抗生素在不同浓度下对桑子叶、不定芽和新梢生长与分化的影响，结果显示：（１）培养基中卡那霉素浓度高于２０ｍｇ／Ｌ时．桑子叶不能形成不定芽；羧苄青霉素或头孢霉累大于４００ｍｇ／Ｌ时，子叶不定芽诱导率明显下降。（２）卡那霉素大于３０ｍｇ／Ｌ，羧苄青霉素或头孢霉累大于４００ｍｇ／Ｌ，不定芽抽茎受到明显抑制。（３）卡那霉素大于１０ｍｇ／Ｌ，羧苄青霉素或头孢霉素大于１００ｍｇ／Ｌ，桑树新梢难以形成根系。     

在广东省饲料行业协会第四次会员代表大会上的讲话

广东省饲料行业协会第四次会员代表大会的召开,是广东省饲料界的一件喜庆事,也是我们全饲料行业的一件喜庆事。我谨代表全国畜牧总站、中国饲料工业协会表示热烈的祝贺!热烈祝贺通过选举产生的广东省饲料行业协会新一届领导集体!热烈祝贺广东省饲料工业取得的巨大成就!热烈祝贺广东省饲料工业协会取得的出色业绩!热烈祝贺广东饲料行业对养殖业增产增效、对农民增收、对农业和农村经济建设和社会主义新农村建设做出的突出贡献!     

克伦特罗缓释药囊的制备,体外释药及对育肥猪生产性能的影响

选用可生物降的白氨酸，谷氨酸甲酯，谷氨酸三元聚物制成克伦特罗缓释药囊。体外释药研究所表明，药囊能保持长期缓慢恒速释药，释药速率随取合物中谷氨酸含量增多而增大，其中ＰＬＭＧＧ－２５的克伦特罗药囊释药时间为８０ｄ、稳态后每天释药量平均为１．２３ｍｇ／ｄ。