进口饲用鱼粉质量安全影响因素分析及质量分级研究

本文对进口饲用鱼粉可能存在的主要风险点进行了梳理,分析了影响进口鱼粉产品质量安全的可能原因,为有针对性加强进口饲用鱼粉检验检疫监管提供了有益参考。同时,对进口鱼粉产品质量品质分级展开探讨,这对持续完善产品质量评价体系具有积极意义。     

2015年我国祖代种鸡场卫生状况及疫病净化情况调查

为了解我国祖代以上种鸡场的养殖情况、疫病净化的技术能力及面临的问题,2015年7月,中国动物疫病预防控制中心通过问卷调查的方式,在全国23个省开展了规模化种鸡场主要疫病净化现状调查,共收到123个祖代以上种鸡场反馈的调查问卷。本文汇总和分析了祖代以上种鸡场饲养管理、种源来源、疫病监测和疫病净化的相关信息,为推动我国种鸡种源净化工作提供数据资料。     

新疆牛群中鹿流行性出血热血清学调查

本研究采用鹿流行性出血热(EHD) cELISA诊断试剂盒分别对2014年和2015年6、7月份从新疆10个地(州、市)随机采集的662份牛血清进行了EHD检测。结果检出阳性48份,阳性率为7.25%;检出地区有:哈密市、巴里坤县、伊吾县、尉犁县、岳普湖县,其中哈密市和岳普湖县的阳性率较高,在20%左右。这是首次对新疆部分地区进行EHD血清学调查,检测结果为今后新疆地区的EHD研究,特别是病原学方面研究提供了科学依据。     

Effect of split applications of oil cake on leaf nutrient contents,tree growth,and fruit quality in non-astringent persimmon trees

Oil cake, widely used as an organic source of nutrients in horticultural production in South Korea, is a by-product when oil is extracted from various oilseeds. Split applications of oil cake were supplied to evaluate their effects on tree growth and fruit production in organic, non-astringent persimmon (Diospyros × kaki Thunb.) trees in 2009 and in 2010. Treatments included a single annual application of oil cake at 150 kg N ha^?1 in April (single application), two applications in April and July (105 and 45 kg N ha^?1, respectively; two-split application), or three applications in April, June, and August (60, 45, and 45 kg N ha^?1, respectively; three-split application), as well as zero application of oil cake (control). All applications of oil cake significantly increased the amount of ground-cover vegetation compared to the control. The single and two-split applications increased soil organic matter (OM), K₂O, CaO, and MgO concentrations, and cation exchange capacity to a soil depth of 0–30 cm in 2010. Oil cake applications increased soil porosity in 2010, as well as overall chlorophyll (SPAD values) and macronutrient concentrations in leaves in 2009 and 2010. Single and two-split applications stimulated water-sprout development, reduced the light intensity inside the tree canopy, and increased fruit drop. Fruit yield was higher in the two-split [24.7 metric tonnes (MT) ha^?1] and three-split application trees (25.0 MT ha^?1) compared to zero application control trees (19.8 MT ha^?1) and single application trees (21.0 MT ha^?1) in 2010. A single application resulted in soft fruit and slow skin colouration during maturation. Total soluble solids contents were higher in the control and three-split application trees in both years. The three-split application in 2010 increased the estimated production income by approx. 21% compared to the zero application, and by approx. 33% compared to a single application of oil cake.     

普洱茶酸奶的研制

研究普洱茶酸奶的生产方法,通过正交试验,确定最佳的工艺条件。结果表明：提取条件是茶水比为1：10,冲泡温度为90℃,冲泡20min时所提取得普洱茶汁最佳。牛奶中添加茶汁量为3％,糖6％,菌种接种量2％,稳定剂添加量为0．05％,40℃条件下发酵4h获得的普洱茶酸奶茶香浓郁,与奶味融和较好。与普通酸奶比较有独特香味。     

Investigation of bacterial microorganisms in the conjunctival sac of clinically normal dogs and dogs with ulcerative keratitis in Beijing, China

Objective To determine the bacterial microorganisms in the conjunctival sac of clinically normal dogs and dogs with ulcerative keratitis in Beijing, China. The effect of breed, sex and age of dogs and season on the presence or absence of bacteria in the conjunctival sac of clinically normal dogs was evaluated. Sample population This investigation included 240 healthy dogs, 27 dogs with unilateral corneal ulcer and one dog with bilateral corneal ulcer. Procedure The 480 samples from healthy dogs and the 29 samples from dogs with ulcerative keratitis were incubated in an aerobic and 5% CO₂ environment at 37 °C for 48 h. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.01. Results Of 480 normal eyes, Staphylococcus spp. were the most frequently isolated organisms (40.29%). Neisseria spp. (11.47%) were the next most frequently isolated organisms, followed by Corynebacterium spp. (9.4%). Of 29 eyes with ulcerative keratitis, Staphylococcus spp. were also the most frequently isolated bacteria (47.06%). Streptococcus spp. (12.94%) and Pseudomonas spp. (8.24%) were the second and third, respectively. Season (P = 0.002) was a significant factor influencing presence or absence of bacterial microorganisms in the conjunctival sac of normal dogs in Beijing, China, while the effects of breed (P = 0.095), sex (P = 0.588) and age (P = 0.866) of dogs were insignificant. Conclusion Staphylococcus spp. were the most frequently isolated organisms, and S. intermedius predominated in the conjunctival sac of clinically normal dogs and dogs with ulcerative keratitis in Beijing, China. The likelihood of detecting bacteria depends on the season.     

高产优质加工型芥菜新品种嘉雪四月蕻的选育

嘉雪四月蕻系采用系统选育方法从地方农家品种铁梗青中选育而成的加工型叶用芥菜新品种。晚熟,冬播春收190 d（天）左右采收。梗叶比高,粗纤维含量适中,腌渍后叶色鲜绿,口感鲜嫩,菜体中氨基酸含量高,加工腌渍品质佳。冬播春收单株质量1.45 kg左右,每667 m2产量5 500 kg左右;秋播冬收单株质量1.20 kg左右,每667 m2产量5 000 kg左右。适合浙北及其毗邻地区种植。     

耐热黄瓜新品种中农106号的选育

中农106号是以04796为母本,以02465为父本配制而成的黄瓜一代杂种。瓜皮深绿色,腰瓜长35 cm以上,瓜把长小于瓜长的1/8,商品瓜率90 %左右。刺瘤密,白刺,瘤小,无棱,少纹,口感脆甜。高抗西葫芦花叶病毒（ZYMV）,抗西瓜花叶病毒（WMV）、黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV）、白粉病、角斑病、枯萎病,中抗霜霉病。耐热,每667 m2产量最高可达10 000 kg,适宜春、夏秋露地栽培。     

无乳链球菌dnaJ基因缺失株的构建及其致病性研究

为研究dnaJ基因序列与细菌致病力的关系,本研究构建了dnaJ基因缺失株和互补株,并对其致病性进行验证。参照GenBank中无乳链球菌GD201008-001（登录号：NC_018646）目的基因序列分别设计引物,PCR克隆dnaJ基因上、下游同源臂基因序列,通过融合PCR将两个片段连接到一起,构建dnaJ基因上、下游同源臂融合片段,PCR克隆含有启动子序列的dnaJ基因。将dnaJ基因上、下游同源臂融合片段和含有启动子序列的dnaJ基因分别连接链球菌-大肠杆菌穿梭质粒pSET4s和pSET2,电转化GD201008-001感受态细胞,构建dnaJ基因缺失株ΔdnaJ和互补株CΔdnaJ。通过分析ΔdnaJ和CΔdnaJ的遗传稳定性与形态学变化对dnaJ上、下游基因转录的影响,以及生长速率和斑马鱼攻毒试验评价dnaJ基因对无乳链球菌毒力的影响。经PCR鉴定和测序证明,ΔdnaJ和CΔdnaJ构建成功;与野生株GD201008-001相比,ΔdnaJ和CΔdnaJ在细菌染色形态上均无明显差异,但ΔdnaJ在液体培养基中的生长速度明显减缓;dnaJ基因的缺失未对相邻基因的转录造成影响;ΔdnaJ对斑马鱼的毒力明显下降,对斑马鱼的LD₅₀为5.68×10⁴ CFU,约是野生株的241倍。dnaJ基因对无乳链球菌的毒力有显著影响,本试验结果为进一步探究无乳链球菌dnaJ基因的功能提供了参考依据。     

高羊茅SBP117基因生物信息学分析

为探讨硅结合蛋白(silica-binding protein 117,SBP117)基因的生物学功能,采用生物信息学方法从分子水平对其编码产物进行预测和分析。结果表明,SBP117基因CDS区共编码416个氨基酸残基,富含脯氨酸、甘氨酸、赖氨酸,且脯氨酸含量占总氨基酸总数的43.3%;其编码蛋白是一种不稳定类蛋白质,蛋白质分子质量为46 539.07,理论等电点为9.06;氨基酸亲水性/疏水性预测发现,SBP117基因编码氨基酸从40位之后均为亲水性氨基酸,为亲水性蛋白;二级结构中以无规则卷曲为主,且其比例高达占90.87%,三级结构预测发现主要由螺旋构成。本研究结果为硅结合蛋白在分子领域的进一步研究奠定了理论基础。