A Fluted Point from the Uptar Site, Northeastern Siberia

Lanceolate bifacial points, including one fluted specimen, have been collected from beneath an early Holocene tephra at the Uptar site, northeastern Siberia. Thus, the technology associated with the well-known Paleoindian tradition was not confined to the Americas. The Uptar collection does not compare readily with other Beringian complexes and demonstrates that there is greater diversity in the archaeological record of northeastern Siberia than traditional colonization models imply.     

Triiodothyronine (T3) suppression test. An aid in the diagnosis of mild hyperthyroidism in cats

The purpose of this study was to develop a T3 suppression test to help in the diagnosis of mild hyperthyroidism in cats. We evaluated the response in circulating T4 concentrations to exogenous T3 (liothyronine) administration in 44 clinically normal cats, 77 cats with hyperthyroidism, and 22 cats with nonthyroidal disease. The test was performed by first collecting blood samples for basal serum T4 and T3 determinations, administering liothyronine at an oral dosage of 25 micrograms three times daily for seven doses, and, on the morning of the third day, again collecting serum samples for T4 and T3 determinations 2 to 4 hours after the seventh dose of liothyronine. The mean basal serum concentrations of T4 (53.1 nmol/L) and T3 (1.8 nmol/L) were significantly higher in the cats with hyperthyroidism than in the normal cats (T4 = 25.3 nmol/L, T3 = 1.3 nmol/L) and the cats with nonthyroidal disease (T4 = 29.5 nmol/L, T3 = 1.4 nmol/L); however, there was a great deal of overlap of basal values between the three groups of cats. Of the 77 cats with mild hyperthyroidism, 41 (53%) had serum T4 values and 55 (71%) had T3 values that were within the established normal ranges. After administration of liothyronine, mean serum T4 concentrations fell much more markedly in the normal cats and the cats with nonthyroidal disease than in the hyperthyroid cats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Evaluation of Two Reagent Strips and Three Reflectance Meters For Rapid Determination of Blood Glucose Concentrations

We evaluated three reflectance meters (Accu-Chek II, Glucometer II, and Glucoscan 2000) and two reagent strips (Chemstrip bG and Glucostix) for accuracy and precision in determining blood glucose concentrations in the dog. To evaluate accuracy, we compared results of blood glucose determinations performed on 95 samples using the various strips and meters vs. the glucose concentrations obtained using the glucose-oxidase method on a Beckman Glucose Analyzer. Accuracy was evaluated statistically using least squares regression analysis. To evaluate precision, samples in various ranges of blood glucose concentration were tested repeatedly (20 times within a 1-hour period) on the same reflectance meter. Coefficient of variation (CV) was determined to evaluate reproducibility of results. Overall, there were significant correlations (P less than 0.001) between the laboratory glucose values and the blood glucose concentrations obtained with Chemstrip bG (r = 0.976), Glucostix (r = 0.904), Accu-Chek II (r = 0.986), Glucometer II (r = 0.911) and Glucoscan 2000 (r = 0.944). In the precision study, all three meters had excellent CVs in the normal range (3.6% to 4.9%). However, Accu-Chek II was found to be more precise in the hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic ranges (3.6% and 2.6%, respectively) than either Glucometer II (8.8% and 5.4%) or Glucoscan 2000 (7.8% and 8.2%). The results of this study indicate that all of the meters and reagent strips tested are highly accurate in determining blood glucose concentrations in the dog. However, both in terms of accuracy and reproducibility of results, Accu-Chek II and Chemstrip bG, gave the highest correlation coefficients and, as such, are probably of the greatest clinical value.