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排序方式: 共有174条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
Caterina Morcia Elisa Rattotti A. Michele Stanca Giorgio Tumino Vittorio Rossi Stefano Ravaglia Christoph U. Germeier Matthias Herrmann Ivana Polisenska Valeria Terzi 《Journal of Cereal Science》2013
Risks associated with mycotoxin contamination of cereals, that are included in the ten major staple foods and greatly contribute to the dietary energy intake, are of worldwide relevance. In small grain cereals, mycotoxins are produced by fungi such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria and Fusarium that colonize the plant in the field and can grow during the post-harvest period, producing several classes of mycotoxins. The identification of mycotoxigenic fungal species and strains is essential for developing effective strategies for control. For this purpose, genetic traceability has proved to be a valuable tool that can be applied along the whole production chain, starting in the field for early diagnosis of FHB (Fusarium Head Blight) disease to the final processing steps, such as malting or pasta making. In this paper, DNA-based analytical tools that are currently available for the identification and quantification of mycotoxigenic fungal species and strains are reviewed, with particular emphasis on Fusarium, and their possible applications in mycotoxin control in small grain cereal chains are discussed. 相似文献
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Alessio Varesano Claudia Vineis Annalisa Aluigi Fabio Rombaldoni Cinzia Tonetti Giorgio Mazzuchetti 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(1):36-42
This paper describes application and evaluation of polypyrrole as an antibacterial polymer. Polypyrrole was produced embedding two doping agents: chloride and dicyclohexyl sulfosuccinate ions. Stability of the antibacterial efficacy of polypyrrole deposited on cotton fabrics was assessed before and after three different kinds of washing (namely, laundering with anionic and non-ionic detergents and dry-cleaning). Polypyrrole showed excellent antibacterial properties (100 % of bacterial reduction) against Escherichia coli for both doping agents. Treated fabrics were further characterised by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The antibacterial efficacy diminished after launderings with anionic and non-ionic detergents because of two different mechanisms: the neutralisation of positive charges under alkali conditions (dedoping), and a partial removal of polypyrrole by abrasion and surfactant action. After dry-cleaning, polypyrrole embedding chloride and dicyclohexyl sulfosuccinate ions still showed excellent antibacterial efficacy. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy investigations were used to intuitively explain the bactericidal mechanism of polypyrrole on Escherichia coli bacteria. 相似文献
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Giorgio Marchesini Lorenzo Serva Maria Chinello Matteo Gazziero Sandro Tenti Massimo Mirisola Elisabetta Garbin Barbara Contiero Daniel Grandis Igino Andrighetto 《Grass and Forage Science》2019,74(3):415-426
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of earliness (according to FAO class), maturity stage at harvest and environmental conditions on the ensilability of maize hybrids described by their fermentation products and by a fermentation quality index (FQI). Maize hybrids belonging to early (n = 14) and late (n = 15) FAO classes were grown in low, medium and high potential yield areas and harvested at an early (EH), medium (MH) and late maturity stage (LH), that is, at 1/3, 2/3 and 5 d after the 2/3 milk line stage, respectively, according to a split‐plot design. Upon harvest, each sample (n = 522) was analysed for dry matter (DM) and water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC) before being ensiled in vacuum‐packed bags (n = 1,044). After 60 days of conservation, samples were analysed for DM and fermentation products. In the pre‐ensiling phase, DM was higher in early hybrids (p = .001), low yield areas (p < .001) and at LH maturity (p < .001), whereas WSC contents were higher in early hybrids (p < .001), medium yield areas (p < .001) and at EH maturity (p < .001). With regard to silages, early hybrids had a higher FQI (p < .001), which was highest in areas with a high yield potential (p < .01) and at EH maturity (p < .01). Late hybrids proved to be better suited for low yield areas compared with early hybrids (p < .01) and had a higher FQI at EH and MH than at LH maturity (p < .01). 相似文献
76.
Serena Ciarroni Christopher R. Clarke Haijie Liu Noam Eckshtain-Levi Angelo Mazzaglia Giorgio M. Balestra Boris A. Vinatzer 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(3):169-175
Plants and animals independently evolved the ability to recognize flagellin (also called FliC), the building block of the bacterial flagellum, as part of their innate immune response. While animals recognize a relatively large region of FliC, most plants recognize one or two short epitopes of FliC: flg22 and flgII-28. However, since most research in plants has focused on flg22 and flgII-28 and not the actual FliC protein, the importance of any FliC region beyond the two epitopes in plant immunity is poorly understood. Here we report cloning, overexpression, and purification of a Pseudomonas syringae FliC fragment from amino acid 1 to 143, which includes both FliC epitopes and the adjacent alpha helices. Exposing Arabidopsis thaliana leaves to FliC1–143 did not reveal any additional FliC recognition capabilities beyond flg22. However, while the kiwifruit species Actinidia arguta did not respond to either flg22 or flgII-28, treatment of A. arguta leaves with FliC1–143 triggered a significant reactive oxygen response, indicating recognition. This result suggests that in some plant species, recognition of FliC requires regions of FliC beyond the two well-known epitopes and that FliC1–143 represents a useful tool in the study of plant immunity. 相似文献
77.
Cortesi Rita Quattrucci Alessio Esposito Elisabetta Mazzaglia Angelo Balestra Giorgio M. 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2017,124(3):269-278
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - It has been demonstrated that some aromatic substances synthesized by plants serve as plant defense mechanisms. However, natural extracts are difficult to... 相似文献
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Petra Scanferla Giorgio Ferrari Roberto Pellay Annamaria Volpi Ghirardini Gabriele Zanetto Giovanni Libralato 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2009,9(3):229-236