Phytochemische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen der einheimischen Flora und des Gaterslebener Sortiments I. Mitteilung

Zusammenfassung 317 Pflanzenarten aus 73 Familien der einheimischen Flora und des Gaterslebener Sortiments wurden nach einem ausführlich beschriebenen Standardverfahren orientierend auf Alkaloide, Saponine, Triterpene und Sterine untersucht.

---

Summary 317 plant species from 73 families of the indigenous flora and of the sortiment in Gatersleben have been preliminarily investigated for alkaloids, saponins, triterpenes, and sterols, using a fully described standard procedure.

---

m 317 73 - «», «», «» «». .

     

Über die Sterine vonSolanum tuberosum L. Sterine und Triterpenoide. VIII. Mitteilung

Zusammenfassung Aus Blättern der KartoffelpflanzeSolanum tuberosum Aquila wurde außer Cycloartenol (I), 24-Methylen-cycloartanol (II) (?), Lophenol (III), 24-Methylen-(IV) und 24-Äthyliden-lophenol (V) in 0,05%iger Ausbeute (bezogen auf Blatt-Trockengew.) ein Steringemisch isoliert, das nach dem Molekül-Massenspektrum (Ionisierung durch Anlagerung energiearmer negativer Ladungsträger) aus etwa 49% -Sitosterin (VIII), 36% Stigmasterin (IX), 12% Cholesterin (VI) und 3% Campesterin (VII) zusammengesetzt ist. Weiterhin ließen sich die homologen n-Paraffine C₂₅H₅₂ bis C₃₃H₆₈ und iso-Paraffine C₂₉H₆₀ bis C₃₃H₆₈ (Hauptkomponente mit ca. 51% n-Hentriacontan) sowie geringe Mengen höherer aliphatischer Ketone, vor allem Tritriacontanon, gaschromatographisch bzw. molekülmassenspektrographisch nachweisen.

---

Summary In addition to cycloartenol (I), 24-methylene-cycloartanol (II) (?), lophenol (III), 24-methylene-(IV) and 24-ethylidene-lophenol (V) a mixture of sterols has been isolated from leaves of the potato plantSolanum tuberosum Aquila (0,05% of the dry weight), which, according to our molecular mass spectrographic investigations employing negative ionization, contains approximately 49% -sitosterol (VIII), 36% stigmasterol (IX), 12% cholesterol (VI), and 3% campesterol (VII). Furthermore the homologous n-alkanes C₂₅H₅₂ to C₃₃H₆₈ and iso-alkanes C₂₉H₆₀ to C₃₃H₆₈ (the main component being n-triacontane with ca. 51%) as well as some higher aliphatic ketones, especially tritriacontanone, have been detected by gas-liquid chromatographic and molecular mass spectrographic methods.

---

am ¶rt;au Solanum tuberosum L., , (I), 24- (II) (?), (III), 24-- (IV) 24-- (V) ( 0,05% ). « -» ( ) 49%- (VIII), 36% (IX), 12% (VI) 3% (VII). () « -» - ( _{2552 3368}) - ( _{2960 3368}), 51%-, , .

---

---

VII. Mitteilung: von Ardenne und Mitarb. (1965b).

---

Zugleich IV. Mitteilung der Reihe Molekül-Massenspektrographie von Naturstoffen. — III. Mitteilung: von Ardenne und Mitarb. (1965b).

---

Forschungsinstitut Manfred von Ardenne, Dresden-Weißer Hirsch.

---

Teil der Dissertation von G. Osske, Univ. Halle, 1963.     

Magnetic resonance imaging findings in histologically confirmed Pug dog encephalitis

The purpose of the study was to describe magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of histologically confirmed necrotizing encephalitis in four Pugs and to compare those findings with MR imaging characteristics of necrotizing encephalitis in other breeds. All dogs had the following common findings: lesions restricted to the forebrain, both cerebral hemispheres diffusely but asymmetrically affected, lesions affected gray and white matter resulting in loss of distinction between both, most severe lesions in occipital and parietal lobes, lesions were irregularly T2-hyperintense and T1-isointense to slightly T1-hypointense, and no cavitation. There were various degrees of contrast enhancement of brain and leptomeninges. Asymmetry of lateral ventricles and midline shift was seen in one dog each. Two dogs had brain herniation, which may have contributed to the progression of neurologic signs. Hyperintensity on T2-weighted and fluid attenuated inversion recovery images in the hippocampus and piriform lobe was consistent with excitotoxic edema, whereas similar imaging features in other forebrain areas corresponded to areas of inflammation or liquefaction on histopathology. In comparison with necrotizing encephalitis in other canine breeds, Pug dog encephalitis has some unique MR imaging features. Therefore, these characteristics cannot be applied to other breeds, nor should imaging features of necrotizing encephalitis of other canine breeds be used for interpretation of MR images in Pug dogs.     

Factors affecting intraocular pressure in lions

The aim of this study was to conduct a detailed analysis of the relationship between age and intraocular pressure (IOP) in lions. Tonometry was conducted in 33 lions aged 5 days to 80 months. Age was significantly associated with IOP (P<0.005). Mean IOP was 12.8+/- and 23.9+/-4.1 mmHg in lions < or =1 year old and >1 year old, respectively. IOP linearly rose with age during the first 20 months of life, plateaued until approximately 40 months, and then gradually declined (r=0.85). Age-related changes in IOP were highly correlated with ultrasonographic measurements of intraocular dimensions (r > or = 0.72), and may be a determinant factor in developmental ocular growth. The dramatic rise in IOP of young lions is similar to that observed in children, but has not been previously demonstrated in animals. Significant IOP differences between lion sub-species were also demonstrated.     

Scanning electron microscopic study of the dentinal tubules in dog canine teeth

Dentin adhesive restorative techniques are regularly used in veterinary dentistry. Knowledge of the microanatomic structure and properties of dentin is essential to ensure success in restorative procedures. The aim of this study was to describe the density and diameter of dentinal tubules in dog canine teeth using recently described standardized scanning electron microscopy techniques. The results showed dentin of dog canine teeth to be more oval-shaped with a higher tubular density and slightly larger tubular diameters compared with human teeth. These features suggest dog canine teeth have less intertubular dentin compared with human teeth, which may theoretically result in lower resin-dentin shear bond strengths.     

A novel technique for ventral orbital stabilization: the masseter muscle flap

Loss of the caudal maxilla and ventral orbit after tumor resections can have negative functional and esthetic influences on the eye involved. This article reports on a case of a caudal maxillary acanthomatous ameloblastoma involving the ventral orbit that was resected and stabilized with a masseter muscle flap. The masseter muscle flap was generated from the superficial belly of the masseter muscle in order to close a defect in the orbital rim, created by a caudal maxillectomy. None of the published complications such as enophthalmos, excessive lacrimation, globe deviation, or strabismus were noted, 8 months following the procedure. The only clinical sign present at the time of re‐evaluation was mild lacrimation. The authors propose the use of a masseter muscle flap as a viable technique in stabilizing the ventral orbit after caudal maxillectomy and ventral orbitectomy, preventing the complications associated with this surgery.     

Sap flow characteristics and whole-tree water use of Pinus cembra across the treeline ecotone of the central Tyrolean Alps

Whole-tree water use of nine Pinus cembra trees was estimated in the treeline ecotone of the Central Austrian Alps. Sap flow density using Granier-type thermal dissipation probes and environmental parameters was monitored along an elevational gradient from the forest limit up to treeline and finally mediating the krummholz limit throughout two growing seasons. Normalized sap flow density (Q _s) was significantly correlated with solar radiation (R _s) and vapor pressure deficit (D) throughout the treeline ecotone. Multiple regression analysis indicated that at the forest limit and at treeline, D had a similar effect on Q _s than R _s. At the krummholz limit by contrast, D had a greater effect on Q _s than R _s due to partially stomatal closure and wind-induced clustering of the needles, which impaired their response to available irradiance. Whole-tree water use scaled to crown surface area estimated for an entire growing (172 days) declined from 449 mm at the forest limit to 274 mm at treeline and was 251 mm at the krummholz limit, which is within the values estimated for other European forest ecosystems. Nevertheless, the observation above the forest limit in the central Tyrolean Alps tree transpiration scaled to crown surface area is comparable to the water use of adjacent low-stature vegetation, which should also be taken into account when forecasting potential effects of global change on the water balance of the treeline ecotone.