Growth,Survivorship, Air‐bubble Disease,and Attachment of Feeble Juvenile Seahorses,Hippocampus kuda (Bleeker, 1852)

Seahorse aquaculture has been a focus for meeting the demand of traditional medicine and aquarium. Feeble (poor quality) juveniles are commonly found in the commercial seahorse culture. In this study, we compared the growth and survival performances of the feeble and healthy common seahorses Hippocampus kuda. The results show that the feeble juveniles had high growth and survival at the temperature of 27–29 C and salinity of 26–28‰ with frequent feeding (≥three times a day) during first 5 wk. Through a 12‐wk investigation, we found that the air‐bubble disease could significantly affect the specific growth rate and survival of the feeble juveniles. There was a positive and significant correlation between the substrate‐attachment rate and survival rate in the feeble juveniles, and substrate‐attachment rate may be used to assess the quality of the feeble populations in the seahorse H. kuda.     

基于ARM的育苗架智能监控系统设计

为了解决当前育苗过程中环境参数控制不便等问题,提出一种新的基于嵌入式ARM平台的育苗架智能监控系统。该系统搭载嵌入式Linux操作系统,采用Pt100温度传感器和NWSF-1AT湿度传感器,以及加热、加湿装置,可以对育苗架内的环境参数进行实时监测和智能控制。系统采用Modbus通信协议和RS-485数据接口,利用Qt开发用户界面,同时包含数据库功能,能够自动记录历史数据,便于后续的数据分析。大量实验表明,本系统可以实时监测育苗架内温湿度变化,当设定期望温度为25℃、湿度为40%RH时,能够有效地将育苗架内的温湿度环境稳定在设定值,能够为催芽育苗工作提供所良好的内部环境。     

增加投入实现引黄灌溉良性发展

引黄灌溉经济效益显著,但是灌区管理单位的财务收益却入不敷出。根据经济效益分析与水费收交情况,作者认为应加强水费回收,多方面集资以及深化水费改革等,以利于灌溉事业的良性发展。     

基于改进型PSO算法的汽车转阀参数优化

提出了基于模拟退火(SA)修正的改进型粒子群算法(SA-PSO)的转阀参数优化方法。建立了整车动力学模型、转向系统模型、高速"路感"模型和转阀能耗模型,并对模型进行了验证;给出了低速转向轻便性、高速转向"路感"和能耗的量化指标;提出了以轻便性、"路感"和能耗量化指标的平方和根最小值为目标函数,以各参数取值范围为约束条件的最优化问题;构建了基于模拟退火修正的改进型粒子群优化算法(SA-PSO)的自适应度函数,运用改进型粒子群算法获得了转阀参数的全局最优解;SA-PSO与PSO的优化结果对比表明,SA-PSO的全局收敛性强、收敛速度快;通过优化参数与另外两组参数双纽线、高速中间位置小转角转向、转阀能耗仿真验证了优化方法的有效性和优化结果的正确性,最后分别进行了转阀参数优化前、后的双纽线、高速中间位置小转角转向、转阀能耗试验,结果表明,优化后的转阀使转向轻便性、高速转向"路感"和节能性均得到改善。     

平面弹性欠驱动并联机构刚度特性分析

根据多维运动模拟的需求,提出一种包含螺旋圆弹簧(圆柱形螺旋弹簧)的欠驱动运动模拟台。利用螺旋圆弹簧的轴向和横向刚度约束运动模拟台的工作空间,通过两个驱动分支和动力耦合实现其3个自由度的运动。将螺旋圆弹簧等效为RePeRe弹性运动支链,进而将并联运动模拟台等效为2RPR/2RePeRe弹性欠驱动机构,并利用Grassmann线几何分析该机构的输入选取原则。基于旋量及其迁移公式,建立等效机构的运动学模型。借助于影响系数和虚功原理,对该弹性欠驱动机构进行静力学分析,得到其静力学约束方程。最后,建立了该机构的连续非线性柔度模型,并以此为基础得到其方向刚度模型。     

Stimulating the Hematopoietic Effect of Simulated Digestive Product of Fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hematopoietic Damage in Mice and Its Protective Mechanisms Based on Serum Lipidomics

Hematopoietic damage is a serious side effect of cytotoxic drugs, and agents promoting hematopoiesis are quite important for decreasing the death rate in cancer patients. In our previous work, we prepared the simulated digestive product of fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme, DSFF, and found that DSFF could activate macrophages. However, more investigations are needed to further evaluate whether DSFF could promote hematopoiesis in the chemotherapy process. In this study, the protective effect of DSFF (1.8–7.2 mg/kg, i.p.) on cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic damage in mice and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Our results show that DSFF could restore the numbers of white blood cells, neutrophils, and platelets in the peripheral blood, and could also retard bone marrow cell decrease in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic damage. UPLC/Q-Extraction Orbitrap/MS/MS-based lipidomics results reveal 16 potential lipid biomarkers in a serum that responded to hematopoietic damage in mice. Among them, PC (20:1/14:0) and SM (18:0/22:0) were the key lipid molecules through which DSFF exerted protective actions. In a validation experiment, DSFF (6.25–100 μg/mL) could also promote K562 cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro. The current findings indicated that DSFF could affect the blood cells and bone marrow cells in vivo and thus showed good potential and application value in alleviating the hematopoietic damage caused by cyclophosphamide.     

双充种室大蒜单粒取种装置设计与试验

针对当前大蒜机械化播种单粒合格率低、漏充率高的问题,该研究设计了一种双充种室大蒜单粒取种装置。通过分析与计算,确定了取种装置关键部件参数,阐述了双充种室结构可降低蒜种漏充的作业机理。采用EDEM软件进行了单因素仿真试验,分析了一级取种勺速度、种层厚度对充种性能及种群规律的影响,得到第二充种室内充入蒜种与被清掉蒜种的速度变化关系,证明了装置设计合理性。运用Box-Behnken中心组合试验方法,以一级取种勺速度、取种速比、种层厚度作为试验因素,以单粒合格率和漏充率作为评价指标,开展了三因素三水平正交试验。利用Design-Export8.0.6数据分析软件,建立各试验因素与评价指标的数学回归模型,并对试验因素进行了参数优化。圆整后一级取种勺速度为0.12 m/s、取种速比为0.75的条件下,种层厚度范围为360～390 mm开展室内验证试验,单粒合格率、漏充率、重播率均值分别为95.38%、1.18%、3.44%,变异系数分别为0.32%、6.11%和4.15%,验证试验结果与模型预测值相对误差小于5%。品种适应性试验试验结果表明取种装置对3类供试大蒜Ⅱ级蒜种适应性较优,蒜种机械损伤率为0.52%,符合标准要求。田间试验结果与优化结果一致,作业效果优于现有爪式循环、勺链式、轮勺式大蒜单粒取种装置,该研究可为解决大蒜播种机取种漏充问题提供指导参考。     

采用改进CNN对生猪异常状态声音识别

猪只声音能够体现出其生长状态,该研究针对人工监测猪只声音造成的猪只疾病误判以及耗时耗力等问题,研究基于卷积神经网络（Convolutional Neural Network,CNN）的生猪异常状态声音识别方法。该研究首先设计猪只声音实时采集系统,并利用4G通讯技术将声音信息上传至云服务器,基于专业人员指导制作猪只异常声音（生病、打架、饥饿等）数据集,提取猪只异常声音的梅尔谱图特征信息;其次引入多种注意力机制对CNN进行改进,并对CBAM（Convolutional Block Attention Module）注意力机制进行优化,提出_CBAM-CNN网络模型;最后将_CBAM-CNN网络模型分别与引入SE_NET（Squeeze and Excitation Network）、ECA_NET（Efficient Channel Attention Networks）和CBAM注意力机制的CNN神经网络进行对比,试验结果表明该文提出的_CBAM-CNN网络模型在最优参数为128维梅尔频率、2 048点FFT（Fast Fourier Transform）点数、512点窗移下的梅尔谱图特征下相较于其他模型对猪只异常声音识别效果最佳,识别率达到94.46%,验证了算法的有效性。该研究有助于生猪养殖过程中对猪只异常行为的监测,并对智能化、现代化猪场的建设具有重要意义。