Age-related changes in the anatomical characteristics of Peyer's patches in small intestine of Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus)

The distribution, size, and appearance of Peyer's patches vary according to species. In order to determine the anatomical characteristics of Peyer's patches in small intestine of Bactrian camel, and age-related changes in the number of Peyer's patches, 40 Bactrian camels of the following four age groups were studied: young (0.5–2 years), pubertal (3–5 years), middle-aged (6–16 years), and old (17–20 years). The exact number of Peyer's patches was recorded, and the appearance of Peyer's patches was described in detail. The results indicated that Peyer's patches of Bactrian camels not only have a particular anatomical location and distinct appearance but also change with age. They were distributed in the whole small intestine and there were four distinct types of Peyer's patches: nodular, faviform, cup-shaped, and cystic form Peyer's patches. However, the nodular and cystic form Peyer’s patches are specific to Bactrian camel, which have not been found in other animals including Dromedary camel. In addition, the distribution density of Peyer's patches in ileum was the maximum, then was jejunum and duodenum. Further statistical analysis showed that the number of Peyer's patches was altered with age. The number peaked in 5-year-old camels and declined subsequently with age. However, there was little change in the size of Peyer's patches in different age groups; no age-related macroscopic variations in the shape or size of the Peyer's patches were found. Results obtained from this study provide the basic information to further study on the gastrointestinal mucosal immunity of Bactrian camel.     

4种狂犬病病毒ELISA抗体检测试剂盒的评价

为评价国产狂犬病病毒ELISA抗体检测试剂盒的性能,选择4种国产品牌ELISA抗体检测试剂盒,分别检测463份已用荧光抗体病毒中和试验（FAVN）测知狂犬病病毒抗体效价的犬血清,用Kappa检验和配对卡方检验评价ELISA试剂盒与FAVN检测结果的一致性和差异性,计算ELISA试剂盒的诊断敏感性、诊断特异性、符合率和重复性等,并比较4种试剂盒的使用范围、样品稀释倍数等参数。结果显示：经Kappa检验,4种试剂盒与FAVN一致性均为弱;经配对卡方检验,A、B试剂盒与FAVN检测结果的差异不显著（P> 0.05）,而C、D试剂盒差异显著（P <0.05）。诊断敏感性,D试剂盒最高,B试剂盒最低;4种试剂盒诊断特异性均较低,为29.5%～57.7%;各试剂盒符合率相当,为71.3%～72.8%。综合敏感性、特异性、重复性等考量因素,得出C试剂盒更能满足免疫后抗体检测需求,A试剂盒也较好,两者可作为候选试剂盒。结果表明,4种国产狂犬病病毒ELISA试剂盒的诊断敏感性、诊断特异性、批间稳定性等性能需进一步提高,以满足基层免疫抗体监测需求。     

美洲斑潜蝇发育始点及有效积温研究

室内设置５种温度对美洲斑潜蝇卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫和全世代的发育速率进行了观察,测得其发育始点和有效积温分别为１４．４、１２．８、１１．１．１５．０、１２．５℃和２９．０、４８．９、１３６．６、２３．７、２３５．２日度,同时对１９９７年进行了发生检验。     

不同单酶制剂混合检测对比研究

试验以木聚糖酶、纤维素酶、淀粉酶和酸性蛋白酶为对象,首先研究了酸性蛋白酶分别和其他3种单酶进行混合后酶活测定值变化情况,结果表明,酸性蛋白酶对其他3种单酶的检测结果没有影响;试验第二部分研究了4种单酶整体混合在一起后各单酶测定值的变化情况,结果表明,木聚糖酶测定值出现很大偏高,其他3种单酶测定结果未出现显著偏差;进行进一步论证试验表明,淀粉酶可能是使木聚糖酶测定结果偏高的原因。     

籼稻恢复系桂R106对稻瘟病的抗性评价及遗传分析

通过与‘丽江新团黑谷’及13个已知抗性基因品种杂交和接种广西稻瘟病菌系鉴定,研究了籼稻恢复系‘桂R106’对稻瘟病的抗性及遗传。结果表明,‘桂R106’对广西565个稻瘟病菌系的抗谱达98.11%,对广西6个主要优势菌系表现全抗,对菌系03E-11和03E-23的抗性均受一对显性基因控制。等位性分析确认,‘桂R106’中抗菌系03E-11的抗病基因与Pi-ta、Pi-12(t)、Pi-3、Pi-5、Pi-7、Pi-a、Pi-at、Pi-sh、Pi-i、Pi-km、Pi-19(t)、Pi-ks、Pi-b这13个已知基因不等位,认为它可能是一个未知的新基因。     

巴西养殖业和饲料工业发展现状

近几年,巴西的家禽和猪生产发展迅速,特别是自2002年起,无论是在量上还是在总额上,开始成为全球主要禽肉、猪肉出口国。这些都得益于其大豆、玉米等原料的自给自足。而巴西日益增长的玉米出口也给效率日益提高的畜禽生产增加了压力。巴西的主要玉米种植户也是联营企业主,他们在畜禽和饲料上进行投资,作为使其玉米“增值”的手段。同时,他们也发现,把目标瞄准那些有利可图的禽肉和猪肉出口市场会带来更多益处。纵向和横向的一体化发展势头在较大的玉米种植州巴拉那州较为迅猛——凭其散装产品和集装箱港的得天独厚的条件而优势突出。1巴拉那…     

规模化屠宰场官方兽医及协检员的设置与职责

@@进入新世纪以来,伴随SARS、禽流感和猪链球菌病等疫情在全球范围内的传播,对世界各国人民的身体健康构成极大威胁。因此,国家逐步加大对动物疫病的防控,相继颁布了《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》《动物检疫管理办法》等法律法规,使我国动物防疫和检疫工作走上了有法可依、有章可循的规范化、法制化轨道。屠宰检疫是动物检疫工作的重要组成部分,是保证人民群众食肉安全的重要手段。猪肉及猪产品是广大群众餐桌上不可或缺的食品,国家为保证生猪产品质量安全,保障人民身体健康对生猪屠宰实行定点屠宰、集中检疫,从而使重大疫病的发生和流行得到有效控制。     

十五种柑桔种质资源的RAPD分析

对柑桔15个材料（其中包含14个种，1个为品种）进行了RAPD分析，从结果看，各材料之间具有不同的遗传距离，供试材料聚为8个类群，分别为柠檬，柠檬群；香橼，小香橼群；柚，红心柚群；宜昌橙，香圆群；香橙，大翼橙群；红桔，温州蜜柑群；枳登，富民枳群；枳群。采用RAPD技术可作为品种鉴别，亲缘关系和分类的手段。对所得结果进行了讨论。     

Establishment of an in vitro method for evaluating whitefly resistance in tomato

An accurate and simple evaluation method is crucial for identifying whitefly resistance in tomato breeding. We developed an in vitro method for evaluating resistance of tomato leaves and tested this on wild and cultivated tomato varieties. We found that young leaves observed for whitefly oviposition after 8 hours provided appropriate comparative conditions. This method effectively distinguished resistance among tomato cultivars and wild species and also demonstrated significant difference in oviposition rates among leaf positions on susceptible cultivars. The in vitro test was as precise as in vivo test using intact plants and had advantages over in vivo test, and can be used for evaluating resistance in large populations.