Fungal endophyte Phomopsis liquidambari B3 enriches the diversity of nodular culturable endophytic bacteria associated with continuous cropping of peanut

Previously, the application of the fungal endophyte Phomopsis liquidambari B3 exhibited notable effect in alleviating soil obstacles caused by continuous cropping of peanut. It was supposed that P. liquidambari B3 could enhance the efficiency of nodulation and nitrogen fixation by enriching the diversity of nodular endophytic bacteria under continous monocropping system. To verify this hypothesis, a pot experiment was conducted under natural conditions. Four treatments were set as follow: discontinuous cropping soil (NS), continuous cropping soil (CK), continuous cropping soil inoculate with actived P. liquidambari B3 (CSB3), and continuous cropping soil inoculate with sterilized P. liquidambari B3 (CSIB3). As a result, a total of 120 isolates were obtained. Our study clearly declared that the addition of fungal endophyte effectively enriched the genetic diversity and the community composition in CSB3. In contrast, a low genetic diversity level and simplex community structure were exhibited in CK and CSIB3. Meanwhile, the positive percentage rate and corresponding community composition of the plant growth-promoting isolates in NS and CSB3 were larger and more abundant than the other. This is the first time to describe the effects of fungal endophytes on the diversity of the nodular culturable endophytic bacteria associated with continuous cropping of peanut.     

供应不同形态氮肥VA菌根对三叶草苗期生长和磷素营养的影响

本试验采用三室盆栽系统研究两种不同形态的氮肥(铵态氮和硝态氮)接种泡囊——丛枝(VA)菌根真菌对三叶草苗期植株生长和磷素营养的影响。测定各处理植株的生长量和根系的总长度,分析植株 N,P,K 等养分的含量和收获后中室边室土壤 Olsen-P 浓度及 pH值。结果表明,施用两种不同形态的氮肥,接种菌根真菌显著增加了植株的干物重,提高了植株中 P 的含量,且在 NH_4-N 的处理中,菌根效应要大于 NO_3-N 的处理。施 NH_4-N,菌根处理的边室土壤 pH 值和 Olsen-P 的含量都显著低于未接种的处理,而施硝态氮的处理菌根对pH 值的影响不显著。说明菌根对寄主植物的营养效应与环境中氮素的形态有密切的关系。     

泰山引种竹子生长调查

“南竹北移”是将在南方生长良好的竹类品种移植到北方适宜地区,以满足北方地区常绿植物品种种植和生态工程建设的需要。“适宜”是“南竹北移”的必要条件。泰山处于暖温带气候区,温湿度适宜,海拔1 300 m以下土体湿润度大,一般土层较厚,为“南竹北移”提供了有利条件。文章分析了泰山竹类的种植历史、引种种类、生长现状等。     

Biological characteristics of strain F603 of Epicoccom sp., an antagonistic fungus for controlling Phytophthora infestans

Factors influencing vegetative growth and spore germination of strain F603 of Epicoccom sp., an antagonistic fungus for Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary, were studied. Among the different growth media tested, Rye agar was the best medium for its vegetative growth. The range of temperature and pH value for mycelial growth was 5–35°C and 2–12, respectively, with the optimum 25°C and 6–9, respectively. The fungus grew better in Czapek medium with maltose and dextrose as carbon sources and peptone, KNO₃, and NaNO₃ as nitrogen sources. The range of temperature for spore germination of strain F603 was 5–35°C, the optimum was 20°C. The range of temperature for sporulation was 10–30°C, and the optimum was 15–18°C.     

Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin content in selected white and red wines. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity comparison with nontraditional wines obtained from highbush blueberry

Antioxidant capacity, as measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC(PE)), total phenolic, total and individual anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidin fraction contents were evaluated in red and white wines from grapes. A comparison in terms of antioxidant capacity is made with nontraditional wines made from highbush blueberry. Blueberries are among fruits that are best recognized for their potential health benefits. In red wines, total oligomeric proanthocyanidin content, including catechins, was substantially higher (177.18 +/- 96.06 mg/L) than that in white wines (8.75 +/- 4.53 mg/L). A relative high correlation in red wines was found between ORAC(PE) values and malvidin compounds (r = 0.75, P < 0.10), and proanthocyanidins (r = 0.87, P < 0.05). In white wines, a significant correlation was found between the trimeric proanthocyanidin fraction and peroxyl radical scavenging values (r = 0.86, P < 0.10). A moderate drink (1 drink per day, about 140 mL) of red wine, or white wine, or wine made from highbush blueberry corresponds to an intake of 2.04 +/- 0.81 mmol of TE, 0.47 +/- 0.15 mmol of TE, and 2.42 +/- 0.88 mmol of TE of ORAC(PE)/day, respectively.     

缢蛏致病菌气单胞菌的分子生物学鉴定

从患病缢蛏(Sinvnovacula constricta)中分离到一株病原菌,暂命名为12#菌.对该株的16SrDNA的全序列进行PCR扩增并测序,然后用NCBIBLAST对测序结果进行比对.16S rDNA序列分析表明:12#菌与多株气单胞茵的16S rDNA的同源性均在95%vx以上.在细菌系统分类学中应归属于气单胞茵属.从构建的系统发育树中可以看出:12#茵与点状产气单胞茵(Aeromonas punctata)共同构成一个分支,且该菌株与点状产气单胞菌(Aeromonas punctata)的16S rDNA同源性达到99%以上,由此可以初步认为该菌为点状产气单胞茵(Aeromonas punctata).     

不同土壤上接种VA-菌根真菌对玉米生长和磷锌养分吸收的影响

采用盆栽试验方法,研究了六种土壤上接种 VAM 真菌(G·epigaeum)对玉米磷、锌营养及前期生长的影响,结果表明:在缺磷土壤上接种菌根菌,显著地促进了宿主植物的生长,提高了玉米植株中磷、锌的含量及吸收量。     

樟子松单板碱性脱脂动力学模型

根据Fick第一扩散定律,建立樟子松单板弱碱性浸提脱脂过程中的反应温度、药剂质量浓度、反应时间与树脂浸出质量浓度之间关系的数学模型。结果表明,该模型可以同试验数据完美的吻合,证明树脂质量浓度的自然对数与反应温度的对数、药剂质量浓度对数、温度的倒数之间具有良好的线性关系。     

钻孔灌注桩施工中岩层漏浆故障处理

本文通过对某大桥钻孔灌注桩施工情况分析。阐述了钻孔灌注桩施工中岩层漏浆故障的原因。同时介绍了几种处理方法。如补浆法、封堵法、内护筒法。