湖南园林植物考察研究报告（摘录）

通过三年的考察研究，综合分析了湖南园林植物的组成特点，提出了湖南园林植物名录及园林植物应用的原则和范例，研究了园林植物在城市园林中所具有的功能和应用模式。本文只作了摘录刊登。     

菌种世代栽培效果的研究

研究结果表明，无论是香菇生料菌砖栽培，还是金针菇熟料袋栽，菌种世代的多少对产量均无明显的影响，这可能是由于菌种通过无性繁殖，遗传性变异甚小之故；研究结果还表明，金针菇菌丝生长的速度似乎有随着菌种工代的增多而加快的趋势，这窨是由于低代菌种自琼脂培养基移接天以杂本屑，棉籽壳等为主要原料的粗质培养基上的时间较短，适应酶的活性较弱，分解，利用高分子化合物的能力较差，故菌丝生长速度较为缓慢？还是由于其他原因     

从甜橙花药诱导形成幼株

从枳壳、四季桔和酸橙花药诱导产生植株已经成功。然而,从甜橙花药诱导形成幼株还未见报道。本文叙述从特洛维塔(Trovita)甜橙的花药诱导形成幼株。 采取"Trovita" (Citrus sinensis Osbeck)甜橙的未成熟花蕾,在70％乙醇中浸5秒钟,进行表面消毒。在无菌条件下除去花瓣,从花蕾中取出约处于单核期的花药,立即接种至培养基的表面。以MS为基本培养基,添加50克/升蔗糖及各种浓度的激动     

A strategy for control of bovine leukemia virus infection: test and corrective management

Test and corrective management was applied in one dairy herd (130 milking cows) to control bovine leukemia virus infection. It consisted of: raising uninfected calves in order to establish a pool of uninfected replacement heifers, preventing transmission of bovine leukemia virus through transfer of blood from animal to animal and closing the herd. Regular herd testing was combined with selected changes in herd management. These procedures have been followed since January 1979. Prevalence of antibodies (as determined by gel-immunodiffusion) has declined markedly since the program was implemented.     

Changes in liveweight and behaviour of alpaca dams and offspring following weaning

The effects of offspring sex, weight, age, and level of interaction with the dam on responses to weaning were examined to assist in the development of a weaning protocol for alpacas. In the first study, preand post-weaning activities, and weight change over Days -12-0,0-7 and 7-16 with respect to weaning, were recorded for 20 dam-offspring (hembra-cria) pairs aged 81-200 days. Pre-weaning changes in dam and offspring weights were positively related (P<0.05). Although heavier crias tended to be found closer to their dams than lighter crias (P<0.05) no additional effect of age on the dam-offspring relationship was found. Following weaning, cria growth rates were low over Days 0-7 but improved over Days 7-16, and hembra weight change followed the same pattern. Over Days 0-2, grazing and sitting activities of hembras and crias were replaced by standing and walking along paddock fencelines, although by Day 2 fenceline activities had decreased (P<0.05). Crias which were more frequently observed at fencelines had lower post-weaning growth rates (P<0.05). In the second study, pre-weaning sucking behaviour, and weight change over Days -30-0, 0-8 and 8-16 with respect to weaning, were recorded for 19 hembra-cria pairs aged 124-160 days. During 10 hours of observation on Days -5 and -4, the total duration of sucking by individual crias varied from 0-18 minutes, and the mean +/- SEM duration of sucking was 1.94 +/- 0.113 minutes. Cria sucking behaviour was positively related to growth rate prior to and weight at weaning (P<0.05). As in the first study, pre-weaning changes in dam and offspring weights were positively related (P<0.05). Following weaning, growth rates of the crias were depressed and the hembras lost weight over Days 0-8 and 8-16. The changes in growth rate and behaviour in Studies 1 and 2 indicated that weaning can be stressful for hembras and crias. However, there was no evidence from either study that pre-weaning behavioural or physical characteristics were related to the changes.     

微小牛蜱Bm86基因的克隆及真核表达载体的构建

为了克隆微小牛蜱Bm86基因及构建该基因的表达载体，以微小牛蜱饥饿幼蜱的破解物提取的总RNA为模板，参照已发表的微小牛蜱Bm86基因的核苷酸序列，设计了1对引物，采用RT—PCR技术获得微小牛蜱Bm86基因；将Bm86基因克隆入载体，并进行序列分析，结果证明，克隆的Bm86基因序列与GenBank上登录的Bm86基因序列的同源性达97．4％，而且该序列包含完整的开放阅读框。将该基因克隆入真核表达载体pPIC9K，构建并获得了重组真核表达载体pPIC9K—Bm86。     

淀粉摄入量对断奶马生长和骨骼发育的影响

用44匹断奶马设计两个试验来评估淀粉摄人量对断奶马生长和骨骼发育的影响．存试验1中．试验断奶马被喂给谷物为基础，高淀粉浓度(31．1％)日粮或副产品为基础，不加淀粉加沿海绊根草(Cynodon dactylon)为试验组。利用玉米油补充日粮能量浓度。能量浓度：干草是64：36．两种日粮的摄入量是一致的．摄入高浓度淀粉的断奶马的体增重(0．81kg／d)与另一组(0．67kg／d)相比显著增加(P=0．01)。高摄入浓度淀粉的断奶马的体长增加(15．5cm)与另一组(13．2cm)相比也显著提高(P=0．045)．其它的身体指标测定和骨骼矿物质沉积物情况不受日粮影响。在试验期末．     

关于仔幼犬胃肠炎的防治

仔犬35-45d开始进入幼犬期，这是一个过渡期。由于此间仔幼犬的体质和消化功能比较脆弱，发病率较高，尤其胃肠病更为普遍。常因环境的改变(离开母术单独生活)、饲喂方式的改变(从吃母乳到吃饲料)、人为的因素(管理方法不得当)、以及生理因素(肠胃功能较差)等引发胃肠炎，死亡率较高。