非洲猪瘟疫情对我国生猪生产与市场的影响

非洲猪瘟疫情对中国生猪产业可能产生巨大且长期的影响。一方面因为生猪饲养量大幅度减少,造成供给不足;另一方面,尽管猪肉消费在短期受到了一定程度的抑制,但由于消费偏好无法短期内改变,猪肉“刚需”仍然存在。预计2019年中国猪肉供需缺口将在1000万t左右,全年猪价将呈现“先抑后扬”态势,生猪价格将可能在近两年内都处在较高水平。猪价上升可能通过产业链波及至食品全行业,导致物价水平整体上涨。建议加大生猪生产扶持力度,调动生猪养殖积极性;明确政府管理权责,确保猪肉稳定供应;遵从产消对接、区域互补原则,以农牧结合为前提,构建生猪生产消费均衡区域布局。     

提高宁波林业产业层次的思路及对策

分析了宁波市林业产业现状，探讨了存在问题，并据此提出了提高宁波林业产业层次的思路及对策。     

Establishment of a cellular model of hypoxic acclimatization in human HepG2 cells

AIM: To establish a cellular model of hypoxic acclimatization using HepG2 cells to explore the mechanism of cellular hypoxia acclimatization. METHODS: HepG2 cells were cultured in 1% O2 for 24 hours, then in 21% O2 for another 24 hours，which composed a hypoxic treating cycle. After 6 cycles, the activity of cell proliferation was estimated with MTT method. The morphologic features of HepG2 cells were observed with optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. EPO gene expression was detected by Northern blotting technique. RESULTS: Acute hypoxia inhibited cellular mitosis, impaired cellular ultrastructure and induced EPO gene expression. After 6 cycles of hypoxic treatment, proliferation ability of HepG2 treated with acute hypoxia for 48 h was resumed to the level of control cells cultured in 21% O2. The ultrastructure of HepG2 cells injured by hypoxia recovered and the level of EPO gene expression returned to that in control cells. CONCLUSION: After 6 cycles of hypoxic treatment, the ability of HepG2 to endure hypoxia is obviously enhanced and HepG2 cells might reach the status of hypoxic acclimatization.     

Settling of insecticide from dip wash mixed with dam water and zinc sulphate and used to control sheep lice (Bovicola ovis)

SUMMARY Insecticidal dipping fluid emulsions, mixed in vitro in dam water containing suspended clay particles and 1% w/v zinc sulphate, were analysed to determine rates of settling of diazinon, cyhalothrin and cypermethrin. Fifteen minutes after mixing, the concentration of the insecticides 5 cm below the surface had declined by 72.5%, 72.8% and 89.4%, respectively. On remixing, the concentration of insecticide in suspension was close to or greater than the initial concentration. In 2 trials, lice were eradicated from sheep showered with dip wash mixed in cloudy dam water to which 1% w/v of zinc sulphate was added. In 12 flock treatments in which 1000 to 2000 sheep were dipped with added zinc sulphate, the concentration of insecticide remained above the minimum lethal for susceptible strains of lice. However, lice were still present 6 months later in 8 of these flocks. When zinc sulphate is added to dip wash, agitation is needed to maintain the insecticide in suspension.     

鸡包涵体肝炎病毒DNA探针的制备及其原位杂交的应用

用限制酶HirdⅢ和Ecorl双切鸡包涵体肝炎六邻体蛋白基因片段重组质粒，得到大小636bp的基因片段，用地高辛标记制备DNA探针，其灵敏度为0．1～0．3ng／μL。用该探针对感染鸡包涵体肝炎病毒的雏鸡肝组织进行原位杂交，结果表明病毒经口感染后12h肝细胞内出现病毒的复制，3～7d时病毒复制明显，9～16d病毒复制减弱。原位杂交表明鸡包涵体肝炎病毒主要定位于核内，同时也可进入胞浆中。地高辛标记鸡包涵体肝炎病毒DNA探针对检测该病毒DNA的灵敏度高，特异性强，操作方便，该探针可用于本病的分子病理学研究和特异性诊断。     

砧木和接穗苗龄对顶插接法西瓜嫁接苗生长发育的影响

采用二因素完全随机设计,研究不同砧木和接穗苗龄对顶插接法西瓜嫁接苗成活率、嫁接苗形态指标、叶绿素含量及根系活力的影响。结果发现,随着砧木苗龄的增大,嫁接苗的根系活力均呈先增加后降低的趋势,叶片数、接穗干质量、嫁接成活率、茎粗、叶片叶绿素含量的变化各异;随着接穗苗龄的增大,嫁接苗的嫁接成活率、叶片数、茎粗、接穗干质量、叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力均表现为先增高后降低的趋势。采用隶属函数法综合评价西瓜嫁接苗的质量,发现接穗苗龄9~13d、砧木苗龄11~15 d的西瓜嫁接苗隶属函数值较大,是适合西瓜顶插接法的接穗和砧木最佳苗龄时期。     

菠菜霜霉病抗性遗传与育种研究进展

菠菜是重要的深绿色叶用蔬菜,具有很高的营养价值,但随着菠菜的大规模种植,菠菜病害尤其是霜霉病为害逐渐增加,给种植者造成重大的损失,选育抗病的优良新品种是解决此问题的关键。收集种质资源,筛选鉴定抗病相关基因是进行菠菜抗病育种的前提和基础。从菠菜霜霉病种质资源的收集、抗性遗传与育种、分子标记及抗性机理等方面,综述了菠菜霜霉病抗病遗传育种的研究进展,以期为菠菜霜霉病抗病育种提供参考。     

PFGE Genotyping and Serotype Analysis of Salmonella Isolated from Goose,Anserindicus and Cygnus

To understand the Salmonella epidemic characteristics and pulsed field gel electrophoresis（PFGE）genotyping of goose,Anserindicus and Cygnus,33 strains of Salmonella were serotype typed by PFGE and genotyped with BioNumerics 6.6 cluster analysis software.The results showed that there were 16 PFGE patterns,which displayed 6 strains Salmonella paratyphi C,19 strains Salmonella thompson,1 strains Salmonella paratyphi B,1 strain Salmonella irumu,1 strain Salmonella oslo,5 undifferentiated.PFGE similarity is about 53.7% to 100.0%,and most of the strains and anthropogenic strains similarity was more than 80%.The results showed that goose,Anserindicus and Cygnus Salmonella serotypes same PFGE type with a high degree of similarity,and possibly from the same clone,quite different serotypes PFGE band pattern difference.     

寿光鸡遗传多样性及其起源进化的研究

为了更好地对寿光鸡种质资源进行保护和开发利用,以线粒体基因组(mitochondrial genome,mt DNA) D-loop区为分子标记,检测了58只寿光鸡的遗传多样性,同时探讨了寿光鸡在5个红色原鸡亚种的进化地位。结果显示:寿光鸡mt DNA D-loop区全长1 231～1 232 bp,核苷酸多样性(Pi)为(0. 005 3±0. 001 35),单倍型多样性(Hd)为(0. 864±0. 018),平均核苷酸差异(K)为6. 525;群体共发现23处单核苷酸变异位点,并由此界定了8种单倍型;系统发育分析发现,寿光鸡主要分布在A、B、C和E 4个进化分支,构成比分别为43. 1%、36. 2%、12. 1%和8. 6%。结果表明:寿光鸡在线粒体水平上具有很高的遗传多样性,有4个母系来源,本研究为寿光鸡种质资源遗传评估、有效保种和选育利用提供了理论依据。