对我国LULUCF碳计量监测方法的探讨

围绕我国林业编制温室气体清单这一重要工作,介绍了IPCC关于LULUCF温室气体清单编制系列技术指南的技术要点和要求,阐明了我国林业温室气体清单编制工作的进展,提出了林业开展LULUCF碳监测工作未来面临的需求。同时,在分析美国、欧盟、加拿大等发达国家LULUCF温室气体清单编制做法和经验的基础上,提出了在森林资源清查样地系统上构建、新布设LULUCF大样地系统等2种开展LULUCF碳监测的思路,目的是为推动我国林业LULUCF碳监测达到国际先进水平提供建议。     

全国森林防火中长期发展规划关键问题初探

森林防火规划是森林防火工作的重要组成部分。全国一期森林防火规划实施即将结束,二期规划的编制已经启动。文章对一期规划的成效和存在的问题进行分析,藉此,对二期规划的范围、布局、重点、保障等关键问题进行阐述。     

夜间照明对紫丁香光合作用的影响

利用CI-320便携式光合测定仪于白天10:30～12:00、夜间20:30～21:50测定试验组(16 h光照)和对照组(12 h光照)叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度,并用图像扫描法测定叶面积,结果表明:在夜间灯光照射下,紫丁香夜间光合速率平均值为2.835 6 umol.m-2.s-1,胞间CO2浓度显著减少。同时,在白天,实验组叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度显著高于对照组,胞间CO2浓度与对照组无显著差异。夜间照明并未引起叶面积产生显著变化。     

Cloning and analysis of cross-intron genomic gene encoding ACO in Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.

The last step of ethylene biosynthesis in higher plants is to convert 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene by ACC oxidase (ACO). In our investigation, a cross-introns genomic DNA gene encoding ACC oxidase, PsgACO, was isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa. It revealed that PsgACO (FJ855434) has 1281 bases, containing four exons and three introns, encoding 312 amino acids. The four exons stretched from 1 to 105, 217 to 434, 592 to 925 and 1000 to 1281 bases. A splicing junction sequence of all the exon-introns conformed to the GT-AG rule in the cross-intron genomic DNA sequence of the ACO gene. PsgACO showed high homology to many characterized ACC oxidases both at the nucleic acid and amino acid levels. As well, twelve amino acid residues were conserved among many ACOs from other species. A phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that the amino acid of ACOs is quite conserved among the different eudicots. The phylogenetic tree showed that both the tree peony and herbaceous peony are quite isolated taxa. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the molecular weight of ACO is 35.29 kD, with a theoretical pI of 5.25. It is a non-secrete, stable hydrophilic protein, located in the cytoplasm.     

葡萄柚不同砧穗组合的嫁接亲和性

为探讨不同砧木与葡萄柚的嫁接亲合性,将由美国引进的9个葡萄柚品种分别嫁接在枳壳、本地酸柚和美国酸橙砧木上,分析了嫁接愈合过程愈伤组织中POD,PPO和PAL 3种酶活性的变化。结果表明:葡萄柚哈路比与枳壳、本地酸柚均有较强嫁接亲和力;里约红与本地酸柚、美国酸橙嫁接亲和力较强;帕利斯与美国酸橙亲和力较强;矮化、星路比与枳壳嫁接亲和力强。美国酸橙较本地酸柚和枳壳更适合作为葡萄柚的砧木,但从愈合情况数据统计上看不出其优越性。     

豫章名园—南昌杏花楼植物配置研究

杏花楼是南昌市区目前保存较为完整的古典园林,对其植物配植进行实地调查分析,探讨其植物种类、配植特点及历史意义。     

刚毛柽柳 TheIF1A 基因的互作蛋白及其表达模式分析

翻译起始因子是一类翻译起始所必需的特异蛋白因子,前期研究表明柽柳翻译起始因子 (TheIF1A) 基因能对外界盐和干旱等非生物胁迫做出响应,且过表达 TheIF1A基因能提高酵母和烟草的抗旱耐盐能力。为进一步研究TheIF1A基因的抗逆机制,本研究通过酵母双杂交对柽柳翻译起始因子(TheIF1A) 基因的互作蛋白进行了筛选,共获得5个互作蛋白,分别为RNA聚合酶β II亚基 (RNA polymerase beta II subunit)、ATP合成酶CF1α亚基蛋白 (ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunit protein)、细胞色素b6/f 复合物亚基IV(cytochrome b6/f complex subunit IV)、核酮糖1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶小亚基蛋白(ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit)和组蛋白乙酰转移酶(histone acetyltransferase)。利用实时荧光定量PCR对这5个蛋白基因及 TheIF1A 基因在盐和干旱胁迫处理下的表达模式进行分析,结果表明:这些蛋白基因在盐和干旱胁迫下的表达模式与 TheIF1A基因基本一致,表明TheIF1A可能通过与这些蛋白相互作用来参与逆境胁迫应答。为进一步研究TheIF1A 基因的抗逆机理奠定了基础,有利于完善林木抗逆机制的研究,并为通过基因工程手段提高林木抗逆性提供了候选基因。     

超临界流体萃取技术及其在油脂中的应用进展

概述了超临界流体萃取技术的基本原理、特点及其影响因素,并综述了该技术在植物油脂、动物油脂和微生物油脂提取中的应用研究进展,最后对超临界流体技术进行了前景展望。     

Design of the distributed wireless monitoring system

For the limitations of the traditional monitoring systems under the circumstances of dispersed monitoring points, wide distribution range and the harsh environment, a distributed wireless monitoring system based on radio frequency technique is designed. The system adopts the ultra low power consumption MCU MSP430 as the main control chip and extends several processing module in the periphery. In addition, the multi channel transceiver nRF905 is used for wireless data transmission. The software and hardware design scheme of the proposed system and the communication protocol for distributed data transmission are discussed. Frequency hopping mechanisms are employed to increase the reliability of data transmission. The results show that the proposed system has the characteristics such as flexible use and excellent mobility, while can monitor multipoint data in special environment in real time.     

套袋对苹果果皮花青苷合成及着色的影响

套袋是提高苹果果实着色的主要技术措施之一,也是研究苹果果皮花青苷合成和基因表达的重要手段。苹果果皮花青苷的合成经由苯丙烷类代谢途径,编码苹果花青苷合成酶类的基因已得到克隆。套袋后果皮花青苷合成酶类的基因表达受到抑制,因而抑制了花青苷合成;摘袋后果皮花青苷迅速合成,与套袋后果皮光受体浓度增加和叶绿素含量降低从而提高对光的敏感度、迅速启动花青苷合成酶类的基因协同表达有关。果皮色素特别是花青苷和叶绿素的含量、比例和分布决定果实的着色状况,套袋促进果皮花青苷合成的同时大大降低了叶绿素含量,从而使果实着色鲜艳。