哺乳期母猪采食量和体况变化规律研究

选用15头胎次、预产期近似,品种一致的经产大白母猪,考察了一个哺乳期内母猪背膘厚度和采食量的变化.研究发现:采食量与背膘厚度在哺乳期内都呈二次曲线变化,即Y(采食量,kg)=-2.305 6x2+24.239x-20.417与Y(背膘厚度,mm)=-0.071 4x2-0.4x+19.107.哺乳期采食量与母猪哺乳期的失重存在显著负相关(P<0.05),哺乳期各阶段采食量与母猪背膘厚度呈明显的线性负相关(P<0.1),回归方程为Y(背膘厚度,mm)=19.876-0.085X.上述结果表明,以哺乳阶段为自变量建立回归方程预测采食量的准确性要优于背膘厚度,通过采食量预测背膘厚度也可取得较满意的结果.     

种子的温度和发热

温度的变化是种子在贮藏过程中出现异常的一个重要标志.由于种子本身的代谢作用和受环境的影响,致使仓内温度逐渐发生变化,会出现发热、吸湿回潮和虫霉等异常情况.种子的温度在一年中随着气温而升降的现象大体上具有一定的规律性,掌握这种规律对防止种子发热等现象、安全保存种子有着重要的意义.     

甘蔗品种抗旱性光合生理指标及其综合评价

利用相关、主成分、聚类和判别分析, 研究有关生理生化指标与甘蔗抗旱性关系. 结果表明: (1)中度水分胁迫下, MDA含量和PMP有不同程度地提高, 而Fv/Fm、 Fv/Fo、ΔFv/Fo、ΔFv/Ft和T1/2 有不同程度地降低, 变化的幅度因供试品种基因型而异. (2)PMP与MDA含量呈极显著正相关, 而与Fv/Fm、 Fv/Fo及ΔFv/Fo呈显著负相关; Fv/Fm与F     

硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草附加系、代换系和易位系的创制

通过小麦与长穗偃麦草远缘杂交创制附加系、代换系及易位系是小麦遗传改良中利用长穗偃麦草优良基因的重要途径。本研究将长穗偃麦草特异分子标记、染色体计数、基因组原位杂交(GISH)及非变性原位杂交(ND-FISH)等多种方法相结合,对硬粒小麦Langdon (AABB)与小偃麦8801 (AABBEE)的杂交后代群体进行分子细胞学鉴定,创制出硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草3E、6E染色体双体附加系Du-DA3E和Du-DA6E,硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草1E (1B)染色体双体代换系Du-DS1E(1B)以及硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草1AS-1EL染色体易位系Du-T1AS·1EL。创制的4个种质中长穗偃麦草染色体均能稳定遗传,这不仅增加了硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草附加系和代换系的类型,还为后续利用长穂偃麦草优良基因改良小麦提供了特殊种质资源。     

水稻ygl80黄绿叶突变体的遗传分析与目标基因精细定位

通过化学诱变获得遗传稳定的水稻黄绿叶突变体ygl80。与野生型亲本10079相比,ygl80突变体在苗期和孕穗期叶片叶绿素分别下降76.64%和54.59%,类胡萝卜素含量分别下降53.85%和41.18%,成熟期株高、每株有效穗数、每穗着粒数、穗长和千粒重分别减少14.8%、16.5%、21.3%、9.1%和7.4%。遗传分析表明,ygl80的突变性状由1对隐性核基因控制。利用(ygl80/浙辐802) F₂作为定位群体, 将突变基因定位在第5染色体长臂InDel标记C2和C3之间,遗传距离分别为0.24 cM 和0.39 cM,两标记之间的物理距离约为90 kb,此区间内包含11个预测基因。基因组序列分析发现,ygl80突变体在编码叶绿素合酶的YGL1(LOC_Os05g28200)基因编码区第5027碱基处(位于第14外显子),碱基C突变为碱基T,使编码蛋白序列第348位的脯氨酸(Pro)突变成亮氨酸(Leu)。该基因是已报道的水稻ygl1黄绿叶突变基因的等位基因。ygl80突变体在整个生育期都表现为黄绿叶,而ygl1突变体在苗期叶片黄化,中期慢慢转绿,后期叶色以及总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的含量接近野生型,这可能是YGL1基因编码的叶绿素合酶蛋白的氨基酸不同突变位点造成的。     

休闲期深松配施氮肥对旱地土壤水分及小麦籽粒蛋白质积累的影响

为探索旱地小麦休闲期蓄水保墒及其配套施肥技术,2009-2011年连续2个小麦生长季,在山西闻喜县进行了休闲期深松或无耕作条件下低(75 kg hm^-2)、中(150 kg hm^-2)、高(225 kg hm^-2)施氮水平的田间试验,以明确深松处理配合施氮对土壤水分、籽粒蛋白质形成的影响。结果表明,深松处理可提高播前土壤蓄水量,尤其是深层土壤(60~160 cm)蓄水量,欠水年和丰水年分别提高12%~34%、10%~22%。深松处理后,籽粒谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、旗叶谷氨酸合酶(GOGAT)、低氮和中氮条件下籽粒GOGAT、籽粒谷丙转氨酶(GPT) 活性均提高;籽粒蛋白质产量和球蛋白含量,及丰水年谷蛋白含量和谷醇比也提高。随施氮量增加,开花期20~200 cm土壤蓄水量呈下降趋势,但籽粒GS、灌浆中后期旗叶GOGAT、灌浆后期籽粒GPT活性均上升,籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量提高,中氮条件下籽粒谷醇比最高。施氮量对深松处理开花期深层土壤蓄水量、籽粒蛋白质产量、籽粒GS和GPT活性有较大调控效应。深松配施氮肥条件下,丰水年开花期土壤水分与籽粒清蛋白、谷蛋白、蛋白质含量关系密切,而欠水年开花期土壤水分与谷醇比关系密切。氮代谢酶主要影响籽粒球蛋白含量、蛋白质产量的积累,丰水年还影响籽粒谷蛋白含量和谷醇比的提高。总之,旱地小麦休闲期深松蓄水效果好;配施氮量225 kg hm^-2有利于提高籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量,在欠水年施氮量150 kg hm^-2有利于提高籽粒蛋白质产量及谷醇比。     

Research on the Impact of Green Roof on Indoor Human Thermal Comfort

An experiment is conducted on the impact of green roof on Indoor Human Thermal Comfort. The result shows that the temperatures of the building walls and indoor air fall for certain degrees, and that is good. But unfortunately, the relative humidity of the indoor air rises. Totally speaking, the whole effect is changed from feeling warm to basically acceptable. When the requirement of the indoor environment is high, it is impossible to be satisfied by exploiting green roof solely, other methods, such as using night ventilation, electric fans or air-conditioners, should be taken at the same time.     

Analysis of the Static Stability of Tailings Dam under Coupled Deformation and Seepage Fields

The static stability of a tailings dam is analyzed with a finite element approach, which takes into account the effect of plastic deformation, temperature, saturation and void ratio on the properties of soil materials, the effect of water and soil interaction and the extended Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The concept of yield approaching degree is introduced, which is defined as the ratio of the existing equivalent stress to the yield stress taking into account the effects of different influencing factors. The response of the tailing dam subjected to the coupled saturated/unsaturated seepage and deformation is simulated, considering that the dry beach is 100-meter long and the starter dam is jammed, respectively. The important indexes such as the deformation and the phreatic surface of the dam are obtained. The distribution of the yield approaching degree in the whole dam under the given condition is obtained, which can provide not only a general stability assessment of the dam, but also important information to the decision-making for the reinforcement and maintenance of the dam.     

Bubbleless Aerated Membrane Bioreactor for Ramie Degumming Wastewater Treatment

Through introducing the principle of bubbleless aerated membrane bioreactor, the traditional membrane bioreactor was improved. It could be obtained that the removal efficiency of COD and NH3 - N in bubbleless aerated membrane bioreactor increased 4% and 2% than that in traditional membrane bioreactor, respectively. Adopting bubbleless aeration as reflushing air which not only increased DO in the MBR, but also advanced the oxygen utilization, and the energy consumption decreased as well.