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Objective: The objective of this report was to describe a case of vesicular disease caused by pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Brazil.
Animals: Sixty buffalo less than 6 months old exhibited ulcers and widespread peeling of the tongue epithelium. There were no cases of vesicular disease in pigs or horses on the same property.
Methods: Samples were analysed by PCR and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis in MEGA 7.01 was reconstructed using major envelope protein (B2L) by the Tamura three-parameter nucleotide substitution model and the maximum likelihood and neighbor joining models, both with 1000 bootstrap replicates. The genetic distance between the groups was analysed in MEGA using the maximum composite likelihood model. The rate variation among sites was modeled using gamma distribution.
Results: The presence of PCPV in the buffalo herd could be demonstrated in epithelium and serum. The minimum genetic distance between the isolated PCPV strain (262-2016) and orf virus and bovine papular stomatitis virus was 6.7% and 18.4%, respectively. The maximum genetic distance calculated was 4.6% when compared with a PCPV detected in a camel.
Conclusions/Clinical Importance: The peculiar position of the isolated strain in the phylogenetic trees does not necessarily indicate a different kind of PCPV that infects buffalo. More samples from cattle and buffalo in Brazil must be sequenced and compared to verify if PCPV from buffalo are genetically different from samples derived from cattle. 相似文献
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Objective
To assess and compare the sedative and antinociceptive effects of four dosages of dexmedetomidine in donkeys.Study design
Randomized, controlled, crossover, Latin-square, blinded study.Animals
Six healthy, castrated, adult, standard donkeys.Methods
Dexmedetomidine (2, 3, 4 and 5 μg kg?1; D2, D3, D4 and D5), acepromazine (0.1 mg kg?1) and saline were administered intravenously to each donkey and a 1 week interval was allowed between successive trials on each animal. Sedation scores (SS) and head heights above ground (HHAG) were used to assess sedation and mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) testing to assess antinociception over 120 minutes post-treatment. Areas under the curve (AUC) for 0–30, 30–60 and 60–120 minutes were computed to compare the effect of treatments.Results
SS-AUC0–30 values were larger for D4 and D5, and SS-AUC30–60 values were larger for D5 than for saline. All dexmedetomidine treatments produced lower HHAG-AUC0–30 and HHAG-AUC30–60 values, and acepromazine produced lower HHAG AUC60–120 values than did saline. For MNT, D3, D4 and D5 increased AUC0–30 and AUC30–60 values compared with saline and also AUC0–30 values compared with D2 and acepromazine. Smaller MNT-AUC30–60 values were obtained with D2 than with D4 and D5, with D3 than with D5, and with acepromazine than with D4 and D5.Conclusions and clinical relevance
Dexmedetomidine induced sedation and dosage-dependent mechanical antinociception. Larger dexmedetomidine dose rates were required to induce antinociception than sedation. Furthermore, the antinociception induced by dexmedetomidine was of shorter duration than its sedation. For minor painful procedures on standing donkeys, D5 may be clinically useful to provide sedation and analgesia. 相似文献![点击此处可从《Pest management science》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)