Comparative evaluation of MCP gene in worldwide strains of Megalocytivirus (Iridoviridae family) for early diagnostic marker

Members of the Iridoviridae family have been considered as aetiological agents of iridovirus diseases, causing fish mortalities and economic losses all over the world. Virus identification based on candidate gene sequencing is faster, more accurate and more reliable than other traditional phenotype methodologies. Iridoviridae viruses are covered by a protein shell (capsid) encoded by the important candidate gene, major capsid protein (MCP). In this study, we investigated the potential of the MCP gene for use in the diagnosis and identification of infections caused Megalocytivirus of the Iridoviridae family. We selected data of 66 Iridoviridae family isolates (53 strains of Megalocytivirus, eight strains of iridoviruses and five strains of Ranavirus) infecting various species of fish distributed all over the world. A total of 53 strains of Megalocytivirus were used for designing the complete primer sets for identifying the most hypervariable region of the MCP gene. Further, our in silico analysis of 102 sequences of related and unrelated viruses reconfirms that primer sets could identify strains more specifically and offers a useful and fast alternative for routine clinical laboratory testing. Our findings suggest that phenotype observation along with diagnosis using universal primer sets can help detect infection or carriers at an early stage.     

Eel acetylcholinesterase inhibition studies with heteroarylphosphinates

The inhibition of eel acetylcholinesterase by the 4-nitrophenyl esters of 2-furyl(methyl)-, methyl(2-thienyl)-, di-2-furyl-, and di-2-thienylphosphinic acid (I, II, III, and IV, respectively) was investigated at pH 6.90 in 0.067 M phosphate buffer (25.0°C) using stopped-flow instrumentation and automated data processing. Our evaluation of the dissociation constant, K_d, the unimolecular bonding rate constant, k₂, and the bimolecular reaction constant, k_i, are the first reported values for these constants for alkyl/heteroaryl and diheteroaryl esters of phosphinic acids. The largest k_i value (19,330 M^?1 sec^?1) was observed for the reaction of I with the enzyme. The order for the remaining three is II > IV > III. There is no direct relationship between the hydrolysis rates of the esters and their anticholinesterase activities on eel acetylcholinesterase. Likewise, there is no direct relationship between their anticholinesterase activities and the LD₅₀ values in rats.     

O型口蹄疫疫苗免疫牛抗体消长动态的LPB-ELISA检测

分别按一次免疫、首免后第15d加强免疫和首免后第60d加强免疫程序，对3组试验牛（每组牛20头）用O型口蹄疫疫苗进行了免疫。免疫后不同时间点用液相阻断ELISA（LPB-ELISA）测定了免疫牛O型口蹄疫抗体效价。结果，首免后第15d加强免疫牛和第60d加强免疫牛抗体水平较高，50％保护牛所占比例分别为56．3％和63．1％，完全受保护的牛所占比例分别为34．3％和29．5％。第60d加强免疫牛的保护率要高于第15d加强免疫牛和一次免疫牛的保护率。结果表明，首免后第60d加强免疫是最理想的免疫程序。     

不同水性高分子异氰酸酯胶对人工林木材胶合性能的影响

采用同一类型的高分子化合物、填料和乳胶按不同配比组成2种主剂,然后与贮存期不等的交联剂组成不同的水性高分子异氰酸酯胶黏剂(API),用来黏接杉木、杨木、巨桉、尾巨桉、柠檬桉和窿缘桉等6种人工林木材试样以研究 API主剂特征和交联剂贮存时间对人工林木材胶合性能的影响。试验结果表明:1)API主剂特征显著影响6种人工林木材的胶合性能。2)随着交联剂贮存期的增长,人工林试材的胶合性能有降低趋势,但胶合杉木、杨树、巨桉和尾巨桉4 种人工林木材时仍能达到标准要求。     

整秆式甘蔗收获机内物流排杂高速摄影分析

为了研究整秆式甘蔗收获机内物流排杂运动机理,研制了甘蔗收获机内物流排杂试验台,并利用高速摄像机拍摄了甘蔗与蔗叶在物流通道内的运动全过程,并对图像进行分析。结果表明,甘蔗在物流运动过程中发生弹跳、扭转和弯曲变形,在剥叶运动过程中发生断尾,并且通过排杂装置将蔗叶与甘蔗分离后排出。通过建立甘蔗收获机内各部件元件与甘蔗、蔗叶的简化力学模型,结合甘蔗和蔗叶的力学特性分析了甘蔗和蔗叶在物流通道内的运动机理。甘蔗在物流运动中主要受到的作用力为各部件对甘蔗的轴向力、垂直于甘蔗运动方向的切向力和摩擦力。     

不同温度下转换寄主对桃蚜生态学特征的影响

在5种温度、4组寄主与蚜源组合处理条件下研究了温度对转换寄主后的桃蚜的影响。同一寄主间移植的桃蚜在有效积温、发育起点温度、生殖率、死亡率、寿命以及抗逆性上与不同寄主间移植的桃蚜有明显的差异;寄主对桃蚜生物学、生态学特征有明显的影响,表明长期生活在一种寄主上的桃蚜获得了一定的专化性。若将其移植到另一种寄主上,则会表现出种种不适反应,但这种反应还未进化至型或寄主生殖隔离。     

10种杀菌剂对马铃薯晚疫病的防治效果与经济效益评价

选择72%霜脲·锰锌(克露)可湿性粉剂(WP)、50%烯酰吗啉(安克)WP、25%嘧菌酯(阿米西达)悬浮剂(SC)、64%恶霜·锰锌(杀毒矾)WP、68%精甲霜灵·锰锌(金雷)水分散粒剂(WG)、70%丙森锌(安泰生)WP、68.75%氟吡菌胺·霜霉威(银法利)SC、18.7%烯酰·吡唑酯(凯特)WG、25%双炔酰菌胺(瑞凡)SC和50%多菌灵WP等10种药剂进行了田间马铃薯晚疫病防治试验。结果表明:除50%多菌灵WP之外,其他9种药剂对马铃薯晚疫病均具有明显的防治效果和增产效果,防效均达90%以上,增产10.90%～20.30%,净收入增加500～1000元·(667m2)-1。根据药剂的防效和增产效果,提出广东省马铃薯晚疫病防治的参考药剂,首先是72%霜脲·锰锌WP和50%烯酰吗啉WP,其次是68%精甲霜灵·锰锌WG、18.7%烯酰·吡唑酯WG、25%嘧菌酯SC、70%丙森锌WP和64%恶霜·锰锌WP。     

核桃嫩枝扦插影响因子的研究

为了探索核桃嫩枝扦插影响因子,提高生根率,采用L9(34)正交试验方法,开展嫩枝扦插试验研究.结果 表明,高湿腐烂是影响核桃扦插是否成功的主要因素,插穗基部采用低浓度高锰酸钾浸泡,并补充吲哚丁酸钾和蔗糖,每天少量喷雾保湿,可以实现核桃嫩枝扦插生根率53.33％.最优方案为:基质采用珍珠岩或蛭石,插穗基部在50 mg/L高锰酸钾浸泡12h,然后补充0.04％吲哚丁酸钾和1％蔗糖6h,喷雾间隔时间为6h喷雾1min.     

猪流行性腹泻病毒重组腺病毒疫苗的构建及小鼠免疫试验

通过RT-PCR和重组PCR技术扩增出猪流行性腹泻病毒(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)疫苗株sM、M、S基因,构建重组腺病毒穿梭质粒。穿梭质粒与BJ5183细菌同源重组构建同源重组腺病毒质粒,同源重组腺病毒质粒经Pac Ⅰ酶切后转染AD-293细胞,获得3个含有目的基因的重组腺病毒。将3个具有感染能力的复制缺陷性重组腺病毒共同感染Vero细胞,细胞上清液进行小鼠免疫特性研究。结果表明,共同感染Vero细胞所得蛋白能诱导小鼠产生特异性体液免疫应答。