苹果试管苗热处理脱毒法的研究

苹果褪绿叶斑病毒（简称ＣＬＳＶ）、茎沟病毒（简称ＳＧＶ）,是感染苹果的两种重要的潜隐性病毒,在苹果上通常引起慢性衰退症。当用感病材料嫁接时,往往导致衰退病急性暴发,给生产造成毁灭性损失。ＣＬＳＶ和ＳＧＶ均是通过嫁接传染,目前尚无有效的预防和治疗方法,而采用脱毒方法杜绝苗木带毒,把好育苗关,是防治病毒的根本出路。热处理是脱除苹果病毒的主要方法,这在国内已有较多的报道。但直接对试管苗进行热处理脱毒,尚未见报道。本试验系统研究了茎尖培养的试管苗,在光照培养箱内直接进行热处理的方法及优点,并采用酶联免疫…     

大白菜种株碳同化分配及其对种荚发育的作用

用　14 C示踪方法研究大白菜种株不同生育时期同化产物分配及其对种荚形成的作用 ,结果表明 :叶片是主要同化器官 ;生育前期同化产物主要向茎枝和根系分配 ;后期主要向角果输送 ;种株开花前同化产物可通过再次分配进入角果 ,开花后同化产物对种子形成贡献更大。种株不同生育时期同化产物对角果皮和籽粒发育的作用存在差异     

Protective effect of C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 on vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia

AIM To study whether C1q/tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-related protein 3 （CTRP3）protect vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia and its potential mechanisms. METHODS An animal model of hyperuricemia was established by using male SD rats drinking 10% fructose water （n=10）. The rats drinking normal water served as normal controls （n=10）. After 12 weeks, the rats were given a single injection with Ad-CTRP3 or Ad-GFP. The experiment was ended at 14th day after transfection.The serum levels of uric acid and nitric oxide （NO） were evaluated. The serum contents of TNF-α and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were measured by ELISA. HE staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess the morphological changes of intima and apoptosis of endothelial cells in thoracic aorta, respectively. The mRNA levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS）, TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of CTRP3 and Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, the rats with hyperuricemia showed lower CTRP3 and higher TLR4 protein levels in the thoracic aorta （P<0.05）. Hyperuricemic rats had higher serum contents of uric acid, TNF-α and IL-6 （P<0.05）. Also, the intima structure disturbance of thoracic aorta, increased apoptotic rate, higher mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 as well as lower mRNA levels of eNOS were observed （P<0.05）. By contrast, CTRP3 over-expression decreased TLR4 protein levels, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and obviously improved the morphology and function of thoracic aorta in the rats with hyperuricemia. CONCLUSION CTRP3 protect vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia maybe via down-regulation of TLR4- mediated inflammatory signaling pathway.     

大白菜甲、乙型核不育系的转育

根 据复等 位基因遗 传假说, 利用已知 基因型 的甲、乙型 雄性 不育“两 用系”,经 过４ 个世代的 杂交选 育,获得了 新甲型“两用系”,临时保持 系和稳 定遗传的 雄性不 育系。     

From the drawing board to the field: an example for establishing an MPA in Penghu,Taiwan

• 1. In order to promote the establishment of the first marine protected area (MPA) in Taiwan, the conservation values of 12 reef sites in the Penghu Islands were evaluated. The results together with a 6‐year surveillance programme revealed that the Chinwan Inner Bay (CIB) possesses the best coral community in the Penghu Islands with the highest coral cover, high species diversity and habitat types, as well as a high conservation value.
• 2. Utilization of biological resources and socio‐economic factors of CIB were investigated by intensive field surveys and a complete visit‐and‐poll survey respectively. Most of the fishing at CIB is for recreational purposes and is characterized by low investment, low harvest rates, high dependence on weather conditions, and self‐consumption.
• 3. The socio‐economic data showed that there was basically no direct conflict of interests with local communities at two neighbouring villages, and most local residents indicated that they would support the MPA proposal.
• 4. A blueprint for a CIB MPA based on the results of these biological and socio‐economic investigations is proposed. Environmental threats including anchor damage and the predation of Drupella snails need to be ameliorated and monitored through the implementation of appropriate management. The involvement of local communities is key to the success of this MPA and environmental education is recommended to promote public awareness.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

牙鲆血清免疫球蛋白的分离纯化及部分特性分析

运用Sephacryl S-200凝胶层析和HiTrap rProtein ASepharose亲和层析2种方法对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)血清免疫球蛋白进行分离纯化,结果表明,牙鲆免疫球蛋白分布于33%~50%的硫酸铵饱和溶液中,其中45%的分离效果最好。凝胶层析和亲和层析样品均出现2个蛋白峰,用还原SDS-PAGE检测确定牙鲆免疫球蛋白存在于第2个蛋白峰中。牙鲆免疫球蛋白重链分子量约为75.4 kD,轻链分子量约为29.9 kD和28.2 kD,推测牙鲆血清免疫球蛋白的分子量为836 kD。制备了兔抗牙鲆免疫球蛋白多克隆抗体,免疫双扩散法检测多克隆抗体效价为1∶32,免疫斑点法检测多克隆抗体效价至少为1∶1 600。运用免疫印迹法(Western-bloting)检测了兔抗牙鲆免疫球蛋白多克隆抗体的特异性,实验证明该抗体与牙鲆全血清中免疫球蛋白重链、轻链反应均成阳性。     

低磷胁迫下玉米幼苗生理响应及相关基因表达研究

以玉米品种合344为试验材料,对低磷胁迫下玉米幼苗叶片生理表型指标与玉米叶片转录组差异基因表达数据联合分析,探究低磷胁迫下与玉米幼苗叶片生理表型变化相关的关键响应基因及其调控规律.结果表明,低磷胁迫下玉米叶片的叶绿素荧光参数(FV/FM)以及叶绿素含量均有不同程度的降低,并且叶绿素合成相关基因大部分为下调表达,叶绿素降...     

植物U-box蛋白研究进展

U-box结构是真核生物体内尤其是植物中广泛存在的一种高度保守的基序,其构象与RING-finger极其相似,两者都能发挥泛素连接酶E3的作用,促进底物蛋白泛素化降解。U-box基序还是泛素链聚集酶E4最主要的功能因子。在植物体内U-box经常与ARM重复耦联形成U-box/ARM结构,影响蛋白-蛋白互作,参与信号传导级联反应。许多植物U-box蛋白(PUB)能有效提高植株对干旱、高盐、异常温度等非生物胁迫的抵抗能力。此外,在植物对许多病原物的抗病反应中也需要U-box蛋白的参与。     

红花石蒜的组织培养

选用双鳞片法切割红花石蒜鳞茎为外植体,采用MS基本培养基,以两种植物生长调节剂NAA和6-BA不同浓度配伍,研究了不同消毒时间和不同激素浓度对小植株诱导和不定芽诱导的影响。结果表明:利用0.1%升汞溶液浸泡石蒜鳞茎10~15min消毒效果最好;MS+2mg/L 6-BA+0.2mg/L NAA是小植株诱导的最佳培养基;MS+NAA 2mg/L+6-BA2mg/L是不定芽诱导的最佳培养基;MS+2mg/L NAA对于小鳞茎的生根效果最好。     

外加盐对凉粉草胶溶液的耐盐性和分子链刚性度的影响

在有盐环境下贮藏和加工凉粉草胶必须了解其多糖分子对盐的敏感性,该文绘制了凉粉草胶多糖在不同离子强度NaCl、KCl、MgCl₂和CaCl₂溶液中的Huggins'图,分别计算其分子链在这4种离子溶液中的耐盐度S、链刚性度B等值,结果发现：凉粉草胶多糖在4种离子溶液中,其耐盐性由强到弱的顺序为:K⁺>Na⁺>Mg⁺⁺>Ca⁺⁺,其分子链的构象在4种离子溶液中由柔到刚的顺序为:K⁺>Na⁺>Mg⁺⁺>Ca⁺⁺,这说明凉粉草胶多糖适合在KCl溶液中贮藏和加工。与其他多糖分子链在NaCl溶液中的B值比较后发现,凉粉草胶多糖的分子链构象较海藻酸钠要刚,较黄原胶要柔,这说明凉粉草胶比黄原胶更适合在NaCl溶液中贮藏和加工。