玉米苗期在盐胁迫下耐盐相关QTL分析

通过对玉米耐盐性状基因的QTL定位,找到耐盐性状控制位点在染色体上的位置,来帮助耐盐玉米品种的选育和基因的克隆。本研究选用耐盐自交系8723和盐敏感自交系P138为材料构建的F2群体,通过Jionmap 4.0软件对F2群体构建分子遗传连锁图谱。构建了一个包含有174个SSR标记位点的分子遗传连锁图谱,平均分布在玉米的10条染色体上共2 764.3 cM,标记区间平均间距为15.88 cM。通过对表型数据的分析,对玉米的4个植株性状进行了QTL定位。结果共检测到8个与玉米苗期耐盐性状相关的QTLs,分别位于2号、4号、6号、9号染色体上。本研究结果为幼苗在盐碱地正常生长提供科学依据。     

Correction to: Individual based modelling of fish migration in a 2-D river system: model description and case study

Landscape Ecology - In the original publication of the article, the third author name has been misspelt. The correct name is given in this Correction. The original version of this article was revised.     

Effects of agriculture,climate, and policy on NDVI change in a semi-arid river basin of the Chinese Loess Plateau

In 1999, the Grain for Green Project was implemented by the Chinese government. Since then, the vegetation of Zuli River Basin, a semi-arid river basin of the Chinese Loess Plateau, has been greatly changed. Clearly understanding the impact of natural and artificial factors on vegetation change is important for policy making and ecosystem management. In this study, spatio-temporal variations in vegetation cover in Chinese Zuli River Basin during 1999–2016 were investigated using Landsat normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data. Analyses of several indicators, including changes in NDVI in different slopes and land use changes and the relationships between climatic factors and NDVI change, were presented to quantitatively evaluate the effects of agriculture, climate, and policy on NDVI change. The NDVI in the Zuli River Basin increased during the study period, and the main contributors to this change were forest in 1999–2011, cropland, abandoned farmland, and grassland in 2009–2016, and land with slopes ≤ 15°. Land with slope > 15°, where the “Project” was implemented, slightly contributed to the increase in regional NDVI. In 1999–2011, the project (?98.16%) combined with climate change (?68.18%) showed negative effects on the increase in NDVI in the Zuli River Basin, but agriculture (22.28%) played a positive role in increasing this index. In 2009–2016 and 1999–2016, the project (38.45% and 35.25%, respectively), the project combined with climate change (49.83% and 46.30%, respectively), agriculture (18.61% and 23.30%, respectively), promoted increases in NDVI in the basin.     

广西甘蔗地冬季黏虫发生调查初报

于2014—2018年冬季,在广西桂南地区、桂中、桂西和桂东南地区选择不同类型甘蔗地,调查黏虫发生及为害情况。结果表明,新植蔗和收割后焚烧蔗叶的宿根蔗地极少发现黏虫,而收割后蔗叶(直接或粉碎)还田的宿根蔗地发现有不同龄期的幼虫为害,老蔗地亦发现老熟幼虫或蛹,但虫口密度低。数据显示,广西桂南地区冬季甘蔗地黏虫虫口密度最大。其中,2017年南宁市武鸣区虫口密度最高,达8.9头/m^2,其次是桂东南地区,桂中地区和桂西地区极少或未发现黏虫。     

Vectorizing agrochemicals: enhancing bioavailability via carrier‐mediated transport

Systemicity of agrochemicals is an advantageous property for controlling phloem sucking insects, as well as pathogens and pests not accessible to contact products. After the penetration of the cuticle, the plasma membrane constitutes the main barrier to the entry of an agrochemical into the sap flow. The current strategy for developing systemic agrochemicals is to optimize the physicochemical properties of the molecules so that they can cross the plasma membrane by simple diffusion or ion trapping mechanisms. The main problem with current systemic compounds is that they move everywhere within the plant, and this non‐controlled mobility results in the contamination of the plant parts consumed by vertebrates and pollinators. To achieve the site‐targeted distribution of agrochemicals, a carrier‐mediated propesticide strategy is proposed in this review. After conjugating a non‐systemic agrochemical with a nutrient (α‐amino acids or sugars), the resulting conjugate may be actively transported across the plasma membrane by nutrient‐specific carriers. By applying this strategy, non‐systemic active ingredients are expected to be delivered into the target organs of young plants, thus avoiding or minimizing subsequent undesirable redistribution. The development of this innovative strategy presents many challenges, but opens up a wide range of exciting possibilities. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

植物病害生防因子的作用机制及应用进展

应用植物病害生防因子是解决化学农药3R问题、促进农业绿色发展的有效途径。本文概述了拮抗微生物、抗生素、植物诱导子等生防因子控制植物病害的作用机制和应用研究进展,分析了生防因子应用存在的问题,并对植物病害生物防治的未来发展方向进行了展望。