Comparative study of the effects of solid-state fermentation with three filamentous fungi on the total phenolics content (TPC), flavonoids, and antioxidant activities of subfractions from oats (Avena sativa L.)

The aim of present work was to investigate the effect of solid-state fermentation with filamentous fungi (Aspergillus oryzae var. effuses, Aspergillus oryzae, and Aspergillus niger) on total phenolics content (TPC), flavonoids, and antioxidant activities of four subfractions of oat, namely, n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EA), n-butanol, and water, and compare them to their corresponding subfractions of unfermented oat. The TPC and total flavonoids increased dramatically, especially in EA subfractions (p < 0.05). The levels of antioxidant activity of subfractions were also significantly enhanced (p < 0.05). The highest antioxidant activities were also found in the EA subfractions. The polyphenols in EA were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography at 280 nm. Most polyphenols were increased remarkably, especially ferulic and caffeic acids. There was a clear correlation between the TPC and antioxidant activity. In conclusion, fungi fermentation is a potential bioprocess for increasing the TPC, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities of oat-based food.     

车身覆盖件拉延基本形状特征识别方法

冲压件形状特征对毛坯冲压成形的影响与其他因素相比最为显著。在冲压工艺设计中,如何高效地输入并识别车身覆盖件的形状特征信息,仍是亟待解决的问题。根据系统聚类法,利用车身覆盖件各曲面的法线和相互距离为确定聚类参数的依据并对其进行聚类分析,以识别出车身覆盖件的法兰、底部和侧壁基本特征,并以行业软件UG作为CAD支撑平台、利用VC++编程实现。应用实例表明了这一方法的可行性和有效性。     

Synthesis of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) during sourdough fermentation by selected lactic acid bacteria

This article aimed at investigating the synthesis of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) during sourdough fermentation of white wheat, wholemeal wheat, and rye flours. Sourdough lactic acid bacteria, selected previously for proteinase and peptidase activities toward wheat proteins or for the capacity of synthesizing GABA, were used. The highest ACE-inhibitory activity was found by fermenting flour under semiliquid conditions (dough yield 330) and, especially, by using wholemeal wheat flour. Fourteen peptides, not previously reported as ACE-inhibitory, were identified from the water/salt-soluble extract of wholemeal wheat sourdough (IC 50 0.19-0.54 mg/mL). The major part of the identified peptides contained the well-known antihypertensive epitope VAP. The synthesis of GABA increased when the dough yield was decreased to 160. The highest synthesis of GABA (258.71 mg/kg) was found in wholemeal wheat sourdough.     

人参生长过程中根重变化规律的研究

通过田间试验,对1993-2001年人参生长过程中根重变化规律进行了研究,并采用数学模拟的方法。对参根增重过程中某些数量规律和特点进行了分析。结果表明：参根增重的变化过程为一个S形曲线。曲线特征为逻辑斯谛(Logistie)增长曲线;参根增重速度(P)是一个连续变化的单峰曲线,极值点出现在第5年,年最大增重速度为22．65g;突变点出现在t1=3．5(年)。t2=6(年),在t1之前和t2之后,根重增长缓慢,在t1-t2之间,根重增长迅速。     

利用RAPD技术对牡丹江地区红松根际土壤微生物多样性的分析

土壤微生物对土壤中有机质的转换起着至关重要的作用,土壤微生物多样性的变化对地表生态系统、土壤的结构、土壤的肥力和植物的健康等有重要的影响.本文利用RAPD技术分析牡丹江地区的3个林型及其3个不同林龄共9块样地的根际微生物的多样性,得到了椴树红松林、蒙古栎红松林和云冷杉红松林3种林型内的土壤微生物多样性的变化趋势,及其微生物构成差异性.     

六个猕猴桃品种在六盘水市的品比试验

以国内外较优6个猕猴桃品种为试材,利用引种技术进行品种的引进及筛选,综合评价各品种的物候期、适应性、果实品质等指标,以优化和调整六盘水猕猴桃品种结构,探明并确定贵州猕猴桃主产区六盘水市适应性较好的品种。结果表明:根据各品种的表现和"合理-满意度"分析,在六盘水表现较好的品种有"红阳",成熟期为8月中下旬,总糖含量为11.90%,口味香甜,果肉为红色,667m~2产量742.8kg,"金艳"成熟期为9月,667m~2产量1 018.6kg、单果质量118.43g、香味浓郁、果肉金黄色,"贵长"成熟期较晚,667m~2产量为1 401.7kg,香味较浓、果肉翠绿色;表现不好的品种有"西选2号""楚红",这2个品种产量均较低,果实口感一般;表现相对较好的品种有‘Hort 16A’口感较好,但抗病性较弱,"和平2号"单果质量156.80g,但667m~2产量仅有953.1kg,"海沃德"667m~2产量仅有703.6kg,表现不稳定。"红阳""金艳""贵长"在六盘水地区表现良好,适宜推广种植。     

探析发动机气缸套磨损的原因及预防措施

气缸套作为发动机气缸的重要组成部分,在工作过程中的快速磨损,将会影响到发动机的正常寿命.文章阐述了引起气缸套磨损的三种情况:结构原因、使用不当、维修操作不当.在此基础上,提出了预防减少气缸套磨损的措施:正确起动发动机;正确选用润滑油;加强滤清器的保养;保持发动机正常工作温度.     

明胶骨原料碳、氮稳定同位素的地域性差异研究

为探讨不同地域来源的明胶骨原料中碳、氮稳定同位素的分布特征及其相关性,本试验采用元素分析-稳定同位素比率质谱仪测定了广西、内蒙古和山东3个主产区的牛骨样品及当地牧草饲料样品中的¹³C和¹⁵N同位素组成,并结合线性回归讨论了牛骨样品中δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N值的相关性与牛食谱组成的关系。结果表明,广西地区骨样品中δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N值的相关性较好(R²=0.401 8),而内蒙古和山东地区骨样品中δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N值的相关性较差(R²<0.1),反映了3地牛食物的来源稳定性及主要成分存在明显差异,对各地牛食谱结构推测的结果与实际牧草饲料样品中δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N值的地区分布规律也较为一致。本研究初步揭示了明胶骨原料中碳、氮稳定同位素产生地域性差异的原因,不仅为动物生态学研究提供了有益信息,更为动物制品产地溯源研究提供了新思路。     

不同栽培模式对兴义市特色烟叶的影响

设置了3种烤烟栽培模式,研究其对兴义市特色优质烟叶的影响.结果表明:采用当地栽培措施栽培其产值和产量能达到较高水平,但烟株株型特征及部位结构不够合理,生育期较长,烟叶落黄不够好,加大了烘烤难度;而采用扩行缩株、高密度低施肥水平等技术措施栽培的烟叶株型及等级结构合理,烟叶落黄良好,烤后烟叶上中等比例高,产值、产量也能达到一定水平,且烤后烟叶物理外观性状良好,内在化学成分协调;缩行扩株技术栽培效果则不佳.