Path analysis for selection of drought tolerant sugarcane genotypes through physiological components

Water deficit is among the main environmental factors limiting agricultural productivity of sugarcane in Northeast Brazil by affecting virtually every aspect of plant growth, with consequent reduction of the agro-industrial productivity of this crop. This study aimed to use path analysis to evaluate the physiological components of sugarcane under two water conditions, with photosynthesis as the basic variable, in order to obtain subsidies that can help the genetic breeding of this crop by selection of superior clones with drought tolerance. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with a completely randomized experimental design, 4 × 2 factorial arrangements (four sugarcane genotypes × two soil moisture regimes: control, with 80-100% available water and stressed, with 0-20% water available) and with four replications. Each plot consisted of one pot with 12 kg of substrate containing one plant. Treatments were maintained at a humidity close to field capacity with daily replacement of the evapotranspired water with a water supply for 66 days of cultivation for treatments under stress. Evaluations were conducted on the fourth day after severe water stress at 70 days of cultivation. Data from nine physiological variables were considered, with six of these being used in the model after exclusion of those that were contributing to multicollinearity. Variables used in path analysis were enough to explain the variation found in photosynthesis under both water conditions. Stomatal conductance, transpiration and the SPAD index should be considered as a priority in breeding programs for sugarcane aiming to get more productive and tolerant genotypes to water stress, and selection indexes should be used with due consideration of these variables to promote gains in photosynthesis.     

UV-Fenton法降解废水中苯酚的研究

［目的］探索紫外光助Fenton法降解废水中苯酚的效果。［方法］研究H2O2 和FeSO4 加入量、pH值及反应时间对苯酚降解率的影响。［结果] 试验结果得出,采用紫外光助Fenton法处理浓度为100 mg/L的苯酚废水,最佳条件为H2O2 浓度为3.0 mmol/L; FeSO4 浓度为0.3 mmol/L; pH值3.5。降解行为符合一级反应动力学,其反应速率常数为0.077 7 min^-1。［结论］UV-Fenton法是一种非常有效的去除废水中苯酚的方法。     

内蒙古苏尼特右旗草原土壤营养元素有效态含量分析

本研究选择内蒙古苏尼特右旗天然草场主要6个草场类,8个草场型,分析了0~30 cm土壤营养元素(全N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B和Mo)有效态含量及与土壤有机质、pH值之间的相互关系。结果表明,1)研究区土壤pH(8.84±0.23),均为碱性土壤;土壤有机质含量与全N含量均较低,平均分别为(9.92±4.65) g/kg和(0.46±0.25) g/kg;营养元素有效态含量积累顺序为:河泛地、湖盆低地盐生草甸草场类>荒漠草原草场区“小针茅+无芒隐子草+葱属”植被型>沙丘植被草场类,河泛地、湖盆低地盐生草甸草场类土壤矿质元素有效态含量显著高于其他草场类。2)土壤富含K元素,B和Mo处于严重缺乏状态;除了河泛地、湖盆低地盐生草甸草场类以外草场类微量元素含量均处于轻度缺乏或缺乏状态。3)土壤pH与土壤N、P、Ca、Mn和Cu元素有效量存在显著负相关性关系;土壤有机质则与土壤N、P、Ca、S、Fe、Mn和Cu元素有效量存在极显著正相关性关系。     

铁基生物炭海绵与沉水植物协同净化水体中的氮磷

为探讨铁基生物炭海绵与沉水植物协同净化系统对农田退水中氮磷的去除效果,以苦草、伊乐藻、金鱼藻3种沉水植物和铁基生物炭海绵为材料,通过动态循环水模拟渠道的方式,研究不同净化系统对农田退水中总磷、总氮、氨氮的去除效果。结果表明：3种沉水植物均能在较高氮磷浓度农田退水中生长发育,株高及生物量有明显增长。在单一沉水植物净化系统中,金鱼藻对总磷的去除效率最高,达到29.85%,苦草对总氮的去除效率最高,为35.03%,金鱼藻对氨氮的去除效率最高,为83.09%。铁基生物炭与金鱼草协同净化系统对总磷和氨氮的去除效率最高,分别达到56.00%和91.86%,铁基生物炭与苦草协同净化系统对总氮的去除效率最高,为54.05%。研究表明,铁基生物炭海绵与沉水植物协同净化系统对氮磷的去除效果全面优于单一沉水植物净化系统。     

AMMI双标图在马铃薯区域试验产量分析中的应用

运用AMMI模型,结合双标图对2007年国家中晚熟西北组马铃薯品种区域试验各承试点的平均产量结果进行分析。试验结果表明,在参试品种中,L0031-17、青薯6号高产但不稳产,陇薯3号为高产稳产型,品种960102、中9931-48稳产但不高产,8025-1不稳产又不高产。AMMI模型具体、直观、有效的综合评价,为马铃薯品种提供了一种比较好的分析方法。     

The Genetic Research Progress of Fiber and Wool Quality in Cashmere Goat

Fiber and wool quality not only affects the economic benefits of cashmere goat breeding, but also affects the quality of wool textiles. In recent years, fluff quality has declined with cashmere yield improvement. In order to improve production efficiency, improving fluff quality is imperative in the production process. At the same time, fiber and wool quality is important parameters of selection in breeding of goats. The main traits of controlling the fluff quality are quantitative traits. It can be to find the number of main effect genes by quantitative genetics and molecular genetics and to study its growth mechanism and gene expression. In this review, we summarize the recent achievements of the quality of cashmere, including the use of phenotypic select to improve the quality of the fluff and finding the genetics of controlling the quality of cashmere, for example, HOX,BMP,KAP genes and pigments, and beginning to find the corresponding control target trait QTL and different sequences of SNPs by GWAS analysis to improve the quality by genotype selection, in order to improve the quality of cashmere and provide reference to study the cashmere quality of genetic factors for later research.     

近红外光谱法与常规化学分析法苜蓿营养成分的对比研究

选取20个不同来源的苜蓿样品作为研究对象,分别使用近红外光谱法和常规化学分析法检测苜蓿样品中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维的含量,验证近红外光谱分析法与常规化学分析法检测的符合程度。试验结果表明：与常规化学分析法比较,苜蓿近红外光谱预测模型更适用于苜蓿样品中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量的检测,但并不适用于苜蓿水分含量的检测,因此,需要对已有的近红外预测模型进行调整和优化。     

创建人与自然和谐的绿色校园——辽宁农业职业技术学院校园绿地设计构思

介绍了辽宁农业职业技术学院校园绿地的设计构思和特点,本着生态性、经济性、实用性和人性化的原则,结合学院所在地域特点和专业特色,以植物造景为主,突出绿色主题,体现宁静优雅的设计风格,最终形成一个以人为本、清新自然、意境悠远的校园绿地环境。     

土壤CU Zn Pb污染对蔬菜根伸长的抑制及毒性效应

采用室内盆栽试验观测了黄泥土上不同浓度Cu（0～2000mg·kg^-1）、Zn（0～3000mg·kg^-1）和Pb（0～5000mg·kg^-1）污染下叶菜类蔬菜（小白菜和包菜）、根茎类蔬菜（萝卜和洋葱）和茄果类蔬菜（番茄和黄瓜）的根伸长,以阐明不同重金属及用量对蔬菜根生长的抑制及毒性效应。结果表明,相同Cu、Zn、Pb浓度下,番茄的根伸长抑制率最大,小白菜的根伸长抑制率最小,番茄对Cu、Zn、Pb的毒性响应最敏感,小白菜则不敏感;蔬菜对不同重金属的毒性响应不同,对Cu最敏感,Zn和Pb次之。种植蔬菜的土壤中有效态重金属含量与蔬菜根伸长均呈显著负相关（rCu=-0.782＊,rZn=-0.995＊＊,rPb=-0.982＊＊）,表明重金属有效态是影响蔬菜根伸长的重要因素。     

借景言志发挥园林空间的联想意境美——望园方案设计构思

针对园林景观及其文化内涵对人们精神世界的感染力,结合望路园的规划设计,在园名构思、空间布局、构图表现等方面,阐述园林设计中以人为本,注重赋予空间场所情感色彩,突出场地景观联想意境美的精神内涵,创造特色景观。