Original Study: Comparison of three intraosseous access techniques in cats

Objective – To compare the placement feasibility and amount of bone trauma induced by 3 intraosseous (IO) access techniques in cats: an automatic impact penetration device (A), an automatic rotary insertion device (B), and a manual IO needle (C). Design – Prospective ex vivo study. Setting – University. Animals – Eighteen adult mixed breed feline cadavers. Interventions – Cadavers provided 72 total IO insertion locations divided equally between the right and left humerus and tibia. The 3 IO techniques were randomly allocated to these locations. Time to successful insertion, ease of insertion, and success rate were recorded. Each insertion site was analyzed for the number of bone fragments and defect diameter by computed tomography. Measurements and Main Results – Device B had lower time of insertion (P=0.01) compared with devices A and C. Device B had better ease of insertion scores (P<0.01) compared with devices A and C. No differences were detected between insertion sites (tibia versus humerus). No differences in the number of bone fragments, defect diameter, or success rate were detected among devices (P=0.06, 0.31, and 0.14, respectively). Conclusions – All 3 IO access methods evaluated yield acceptable results. Device B is significantly faster and easier to place in cat cadavers when compared with other methods.     

种犬公母搭配饲养的益处

在种犬饲养过程中,大家都比较重视种犬的科学饲喂、散放运动和卫生疾病等方面的情况,却很少有人从种犬的性别搭配方面来思考种犬饲养方面的问题.其实,在实际工作中种犬的公母搭配饲养对种犬饲养工作是大有益处的.     

CXCL8((3-73))K11R/G31P antagonizes the neutrophil chemoattractants present in pasteurellosis and mastitis lesions and abrogates neutrophil influx into intradermal endotoxin challenge sites in vivo

Toxic products such as reactive oxygen intermediates released by activated polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) have an important role in the pathophysiology of diseases associated with the deposition of immune complexes (IC) in tissues. IC-induced activation of PMN requires adhesion mediated by integrin adhesion receptors. Of the integrins expressed on PMN, the beta(2) family has been found to be of particular importance for activation of PMN by IC. beta(2) Integrin ligand binding must be activated to enable adhesion to IC. Both activating and inhibitory signals regulate beta(2) integrin ligand avidity and adhesion. The second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has been demonstrated to inhibit the activation of PMN in response to a variety of stimuli. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that cAMP-dependent signals inhibit beta(2) integrin-dependent adhesion of equine PMN to immobilized IC and subsequent adhesion-dependent activation of respiratory burst activity. Treatment of equine PMN with beta(2) adrenergic agonists isoproterenol or clenbuterol, which trigger an increase in intracellular cAMP concentration, inhibited adhesion of equine PMN to IC in a dose dependent manner. Similarly, inhibition of cAMP hydrolysis by the non-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor pentoxifylline and the PDE 4-specific inhibitor rolipram inhibited adhesion of equine PMN to IC. Elevation of intracellular cAMP levels with pentoxifylline, clenbuterol and rolipram also inhibited IC-induced activation of respiratory burst activity in equine PMN. Importantly, co-treatment of equine PMN with rolipram and either beta(2) adrenergic agonist synergistically inhibited both the adhesion of equine PMN to IC as well as the subsequent respiratory burst activity.     

沙地一年生植物五星蒿的构件特征研究

在甘肃省古浪县鸣沙咀,对典型沙生植物五星蒿Bassia dasyphylla形态及生物量空间分布特征进行研究。结果表明：冠幅、地径、根深、根幅、侧根数量与长度均与高度呈极显著线性正相关(P＜0.01),其中地上部形态指标与高度的相关程度相对地下部较高;枝条分枝数量较多,一级分枝数为30.40个,二级分枝数达到了260.87个。五星蒿单株平均生物量为75.21 g,其中地上生物量为67.83 g,地下生物量仅为7.38 g;地上生物量集中于1030 cm,占地上生物量的77.64％,各构件依生物量的大小依次为：枝条、果实、叶片;地下生物量集中于010 cm,占地下生物量的76.29％,侧根较主根发达;不同层次间各构件鲜、干生物量的差异性基本相似,地上部分的差异主要表现在1020、2030与3040、4050 cm之间,地下部分的差异主要表现在010与1020、2030 cm之间,其他各层次相互之间的差异相对不显著。     

圈养蓝鹇和白鹇繁殖行为的时间节律观察

采用瞬时取样法对圈养的2对蓝鹇和2组白鹇繁殖期行为的时间节律进行了初步研究,分别选择蓝鹇和白鹇繁殖行为较为明显的时期,各记录15 d,即蓝鹇为2008年3月30日～4月15日(12、13日因故未观察),白鹇为2008年4月16～30日;每天观察12 h,即从7:00～19:00。结果表明第一组蓝鹇和白鹇的繁殖行为都明显少于第二组蓝鹇和白鹇,蓝鹇和白鹇的繁殖行为的发生次数随日期出现波动,两物种繁殖行为的高峰多在早晚时段。蓝鹇和白鹇的产蛋周期分别为3～4 d和1～3 d;两物种雌性个体在产蛋前均有较多繁殖行为发生;两物种的繁殖对配对个体日间发情的同时性要求均不高,白鹇的繁殖与配对个体繁殖行为发生的绝对频次多少也无关,蓝鹇的繁殖与配对个体繁殖行为发生绝对频次多少的关系尚不明确。     

立式无筛秸秆揉搓粉碎桶设计

目前农作物秸秆及牧草类等粗纤维物料粉碎加工多采用普通粉碎机,效率低,能耗高,因此研制新型秸秆牧草类加工机械已成为解决饲料生产问题的首要任务。文中主要介绍无筛秸秆揉搓粉碎桶的设计思想,设计方案,主要零部件的设计要点和性能参数的确定,说明了本机的工作原理。     

草类对重金属胁迫的生理生化响应机制

随着我国工业化进程不断加快,作为工业化基本生产资料的重金属不断被释放到生物圈中,并通过食物链传递给动物或人,给人类健康带来严重危害。草类分布广泛,有一定的抵抗能力,一些草类甚至还具有重金属超富集能力,在生物修复中发挥重要作用。本文就重金属胁迫对草类种子萌发、根系活力和生物量方面的影响以及草类的抗性机制(脯氨酸、抗氧化酶系统、谷胱甘肽、隔离、菌根和水杨酸)等研究现状进行论述,并阐明草类对重金属镉、锌、铜、铬、铅和汞的富集效应及其耐性机制,以期为今后草类耐重金属胁迫品种的选育和耐重金属胁迫分子机制的研究,提供现实依据和理论基础。     

凋亡素基因真核表达载体的构建及在人肿瘤细胞中的表达

为探讨凋亡素对肿瘤的基因治疗效果,构建了凋亡素基因的真核表达载体。将凋亡素基因重组入 ｐｃ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ３ 载体,并通过脂质体介导凋亡素在人喉癌、人肺癌细胞系中表达;通过 Ｒ Ｔ Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 在转染细胞中检测到了凋亡素的 ｍ Ｒ Ｎ Ａ,这为应用凋亡素进行肿瘤的基因治疗奠定了基础。     

嘉兴平原桑园土壤分类及肥力的调查

选择浙北嘉兴平原桑园代表性土壤，进行调查，研究其成因、分类及特性，并对高低产桑园土壤的理化性状进行化验分析，明确了嘉兴平原桑园土壤是历史上由人工堆迭而成，在分类系统上归属于潮湿土纲、正常潮湿土亚纲、潮土土类、暗潮土亚类、堆迭土土属，又分为粘质堆迭土、壤质堆迭土、粉质堆迭土３个土种。在统计众多土壤理化性状数据的基础上，暂拟本区高产桑园土壤１６项理化性状，作为本地区桑园地力建设的参考。