Influence of dietary selenium on the occurrence of nephrocalcinosis in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson

Abstract Rainbow trout were fed practical-type diets containing 0.6, 6.6 and 114 μ g/g selenium for 16 weeks at approximately 15°C. Fish reared on the highest levels of dietary selenium had a significant reduction in final body weight, feed: gain ratio and increased mortality. Haematocrit, plasma calcium, glucose, and protein levels did not vary significantly. Ninety per cent of the fish fed the diet containing the highest level of selenium developed nephrocalcinosis. Fish with occult nephrocalcinosis had significantly increased levels of kidney calcium and those with overt nephrocalcinosis had significantly increased levels of kidney calcium and magnesium, and liver magnesium. Microscopically, the majority of renal damage was tubular with the renal interstitium becoming inflamed only when tubules degenerated. The pathogenesis of selenium-induced nephrocalcinosis is discussed.     

Elbow dislocation in the dog

The management of two cases of elbow dislocation in the dog by closed reduction is described and a brief review of the literature is given.
Résumé. L'auteur décrit le traitement de deux cas de dislocation du coude, chez le chien, par réduction obturée et donne une briève bibliographie.
Zusammenfassung. Die Behandlung zweier Fälle von Ellbogendislokation durch geschlossene Reduktion wird beschrieben und eine kurze Übersicht der Literatur gegeben.     

Visceral necrosis of goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.): a new bacterial disease

Abstract. Recent shipments of goldfish into Canada have suffered major mortality within a short time of arrival. The pathology and bacteriology of several of these diseased fish are described. Lesions were either acute and necrotizing with haemorrhage, or they were granulomatous. In either case, the spleen was a prime target, although in severely affected animals other organs were similarly involved; these included anterior and posterior kidney (plus endocrine elements), liver, intestine, mesentery and brain. Associated with these lesions were intracellular bacteria, which were often arranged in a Chinese letters-like configuration, and which are presumed to be the cause of the disease. The Gram-negative bacterium was isolated from all fish, but its characteristics were such that it was not easily classified and its taxonomy therefore remains uncertain.     

Spatial Response of Mammals to Late Quaternary Environmental Fluctuations

Analyses of fossil mammal faunas from 2945 localities in the United States demonstrate that the geographic ranges of individual species shifted at different times, in different directions, and at different rates in response to late Quaternary environmental fluctuations. The geographic pattern of faunal provinces was similar for the late Pleistocene and late Holocene, but differing environmental gradients resulted in dissimilar species composition for these biogeographic regions. Modern community patterns emerged only in the last few thousand years, and many late Pleistocene communities do not have modern analogs. Faunal heterogeneity was greater in the late Pleistocene.