浅谈新形势下农业综合开发的内涵与外延

农业综合开发的主要任务是大力支持高标准农田建设,积极推进农业产业化经营,有效促进农业科技进步,切实保护和改善农业生态环境。这几项任务,是建设现代农业的重点,也是农业综合开发的重点。当前,农业综合开发已跨入新的发展阶段,在新形势下,农业综合开发如何挖掘内涵、扩大外延值得思考。     

10种海参16SrDNA 序列多样性及其亲缘关系分析

运用PCR扩增10种海参的16SrDNA部分序列,并测序.获得大小为566bp的序列,利用DNAsp4.0软件分析比较10种海参的碱基组成、各碱基变异位点数、插入或缺失位点数,并采用MEGA4.0软件分析彼此间的遗传距离.结果发现,10种海参富含AT碱基,A T的含量平均为57.0%,不同种海参间发生碱基转换、颠换及发生插入或缺失变异的位点数差异很大,10种海参彼此间的遗传距离在0.007～0.316之间.所得结果与GenBank中10种海参的相应序列进行比对分析,同时用MEGA4.0和PAUP4.0软件构建进化树,分析其亲缘关系.结果表明,利用16SrDNA序列的差异可以将分属于海参科(Holothuriidae)与刺参科(Stichopodidae)的海参完全分开,瓜参科(Cucumariidae)的2个种与刺参科的亲缘关系较近.对不同海参种间亲缘关系的分析结果还表明,同属于剌参科的仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)与加州拟刺参(Parastichopus californicus)和具疣拟刺参(Parastichopus parvimensis)亲缘关系最近,同属于海参科的格皮氏海参(Pearsonothuria graeffei)与白尼参属的蛇目白尼参(Bohadschia argus)和图纹白尼参(B.marmorata)亲缘关系最近,而同样为海参科的墨西哥海参(Holothuria mexicana)则与红腹海参(Hothuria edulis)关系最近.这些资料为海参的种质资源管理、新种引进和种质改良提供了基础的分子生物学依据.     

Correlation between intraventricular pressure and early phase proto-oncogene expression in volume overload rats

AIM: To investigate the effect of intraventricular pressure change by volume overload (VOL) on expression of proto-oncogene c-fos,c-jun,c-myc and egr-1. METHODS: Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP) and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) of rat with VOL induced by aortacaval fistula operation and rats of control group were measured at 30 min, 1, 4, 6, 12 and 48 h after the operation,these mRNAs at the foregoing time points were measured by slot bloting method and quantified with densitometry. RESULTS: Be compared with the control group, VOL rats LVSP decreased (P＜0.05) and declined most remarkably at 48 h,LVEDP elevated significantly at 30 min (P＜0.05), reached a maximal value at 12 h and the levels of control group at 48 h (P＞0.05) after the operation.The proto-oncogene expression signals were not detected in the control,negative controls and VOL rats at 30 min after the operation. The c-fos,c-jun and egr-1 mRNA signals appeared earlier,at 1 h, and c-myc mRNA increased later at 4 h.All reached peak value at 4 h and then declined gradually.The c-fos mRNA were not detected at 48 h. The c-myc,c-0jun and egr-1 mRNA persisted throught the entire observation period from 1 h to 48 h. CONCLUSIONS: During VOL early phase the overload have effect on expression of the proto-oncogene mRNA,c-fos,c-jun and egr-1 mRNA appear earlier, c-myc later,egr-1,c-jun and c-myc persist longer period, but the expressions do not strengthen with the ventricule wall load increase.This sequential induction pattern may reflect the time course regularity of the proto-oncogenes expression induced by VOL,and indicate the proto-oncogenes expression initiate while the heart load accumulate some extent and duration and the load magnitude may not play a critical role.     

Bortezomib attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory response of human monocytes through regulating miR-223/NLRP3 signaling pathway

AIM To investigate the effects of bortezomib (BTZ) on microRNA-223 (miR-223)/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response of human monocytes. METHODS Monocytes were isolated and purified from peripheral blood of rheumatodid arthritis (RA) patients. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in supernatants of the monocytes were determined by ELISA, and the optimal induction time of LPS and the optimal treatment concentration of BTZ were selected according to the levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. The monocytes were divided into control group, LPS induced group and BTZ group. The level of miR-223 in the monocytes was measured by RT-qPCR, and the protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and SH2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase-1 (SHIP-1) in the monocytes were determined by Western blot. RESULTS The monocytes successfully isolated and purified from the peripheral blood of RA patients were spherical, evenly distributed and regular in shape.And after LPS induction for 24 h, the cells were mostly spindle-shaped and aggregated. According to the levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, the optimal induction time of LPS was 24 h, and the optimal concentration of BTZ was 50 nmol/L. Compared with control group, the levels of miR-223, SOCS1 and SHIP-1 in LPS induction group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with LPS induction group, the levels of miR-223, SOCS1 and SHIP-1 in BTZ group were significantly increased (P< 0.05), and the levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were significantly lowered (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Bortezomib may block the activation of miR-223/NLRP3 signaling pathway, thus reducing the secretion of inflammatory factors in LPS-induced human monocytes.     

吉林省半干旱区45年气候变化及基于Hybrid-Maize的玉米品种熟期选择

本研究分析吉林省西部半干旱地区1971~2015年气候要素变化特征,用Hybrid-Maize模型估算该区域品种熟期(GDD)不同玉米品种的产量潜力。结果表明,该区域近45年温度、降水和日照时数年均变化与玉米生长季变化趋势类似,但生长季变幅与年均值变幅差异较大,且生长季时间序列上突变点明显不同,温度和降水具有滞后性,日照时数具有超前性,其中,生长季温度增幅高于全年温度增幅,但突变时间滞后10年;长期年均降水波动性大,而生长季降水较全年呈现明显上升趋势,且2010年以来生长季均为较湿润阶段。生长季日照时数减少比年均减少趋势慢,为其下降速率的40%。以4月30日为适播期,种植密度60 000株/hm~2时,乾安、洮南、前郭推荐熟期相对较长品种(GDD=1656-1672),扶余、镇赉推荐熟期相对较短品种(GDD为1606和1500)。洮南、扶余、前郭玉米R/V值接近1.0,乾安和镇赉R/V超过1.15,利于获得较高产量。     

不同光环境下三花杜鹃光合特性的比较

以三花杜鹃为试材,在全光照(1 400~2 000μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))、林缘(800~1 600μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))和林下(100~500μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))3种光照环境下,分析了三花杜鹃的叶片性状及光合特性,以探讨三花杜鹃栽培适宜的光环境。结果表明:随光强的减弱,三花杜鹃的叶长、叶宽增加,比叶重下降。林缘和林下2个处理的总叶绿素含量均显著低于全光照处理,叶绿素a/b虽略有下降但差异不显著。与全光照环境相比,林缘和林下处理的三花杜鹃光饱和点(LSP)、光补偿点(LCP)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)呈现下降的趋势,但最大净光合速率(Pmax)以林缘处理最高,为9.58。综合分析,林缘处理的光环境较适宜三花杜鹃,因此在园林设计中应注意与其它植物的搭配,适度遮阴。     

玉米秸秆还田配施腐熟剂对土壤理化性质及玉米产量的影响

为研究玉米秸秆还田及配施腐熟剂对土壤理化性质和玉米产量的影响。在博乐市小营盘镇玉米种植区设置了3个处理的田间试验,测定土壤理化性质及土壤酶活性,并调查玉米产量。结果表明,玉米秸秆还田能增加玉米产量,增加土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾,提高土壤酶活性,降低土壤容重。尤其以秸秆还田配施有机物料腐熟剂效果显著。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒感染对猪小肠上皮细胞I型干扰素产生通路的影响

猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)是严重危害仔猪肠道健康的病原之一.用病毒感染复数(MOI)=1.0的PEDV感染猪小肠上皮细胞,通过间接免疫荧光试验,证实PEDV能在猪小肠上皮细胞中增殖.通过实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测,发现Toll样受体3(TL...     

中子辐照及其与赤霉素复合处理水稻种子对水稻苗期生长的影响

以快中子脉冲堆对水稻种子进行中子辐照后用赤霉素(GA3)处理,对处理的种子发芽和幼苗生长情况进行研究。结果表明,红矮B和CB的致死注量为486×1010/cm2,绵恢2009为900×1010/cm2,明恢63和绵恢2095则为1350×1010/cm2;半致死注量:红矮B和CB为198~486×1010/cm2之间,绵恢2009约为486×1010/cm2,明恢63为629.48×1010/cm2,绵恢2095为774.69×1010/cm2。辐射敏感性表现为保持系>恢复系,即红矮B、CB>绵恢2009>明恢63>绵恢2095。赤霉素为有效的中子辐射防护剂,40和80mg/L是水稻中子辐照复合处理适宜的浓度。     

膜孔灌玉米农田尿素转化和分布特性研究

为了研究膜孔灌玉米农田尿素转化和分布特性,在测坑中进行了膜孔灌和畦灌施尿素试验,分析测定了施尿素后不同时间的土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量。研究表明：膜孔灌尿素转化完全后,土壤中氮素的主要形态为硝态氮,可作为膜孔灌农田氮素水平评价的指标;基施尿素下,土壤中的硝态氮含量逐渐增大,分布范围以施肥点为中心呈大致成半圆形;灌水方式对尿...