黄瓜苗期耐高温性鉴定

选用耐高温和不耐高温的黄瓜高代自交系15份,在人工气候箱(SANYOMLR-350T)条件下进行耐高温筛选试验。通过设置不同的温度和光照条件,研究幼苗的生长发育,最终确定了如下耐高温鉴定筛选条件:采用36℃/3h～40℃/4h～36℃/3h光照,26℃/14h黑暗条件进行高温胁迫处理;确定了与耐高温性状相关性密切的几个形态指标,依次为总叶面积、叶片数、株高和茎粗,其权重系数分别为0.5、0.3、0.1和0.1,并根据植株的苗端分化和株型情况进行总体评价。     

细毛羊KRT26基因多态性及其与羊毛细度的关联性分析

本研究旨在揭示影响绵羊重要经济性状的功能基因的分子遗传特征及其与细毛羊群体的遗传关系,为高效选育绵羊品种经济性状及其种质资源的保护与利用提供分子遗传学依据。试验利用PCR-SSCP、DNA测序和生物信息学对289个细毛羊的KRT26基因进行遗传变异分析及其与细毛羊羊毛细度的关联性分析。结果表明,KRT26基因在该细毛羊群体中存在AA、AB、BB 3种基因型,其基因型频率分别为0.221、0.426和0.353,A、B等位基因频率分别为0.434、0.566,细毛羊群体的多态信息含量为0.371,呈中度多态水平,且处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态(P0.05)。经过BioEdit软件比对序列和Chromas软件分析测序结果显示,KRT26基因发现5处碱基突变:83bp(G/C)、86bp(T/C)、112bp(C/T)、140bp(G/A)和247bp(C/T),并通过氨基酸序列的比对结果表明,2处发生了氨基酸的替代,即Val/Ile和Asn/Lys。KRT26基因在细毛羊群体中AA基因型个体极显著高于AB和BB基因型(P0.01)。因此,KRT26基因可能作为羊毛细度性状的一个新的分子标记。     

实验室评估中的仪器设备管理

仪器设备管理是实验室评估的重点之一,根据评估标准,农业分析实验室的工作人员经过充分准备,使仪器设备帐、物、卡相符率达到 10 0 %,仪器设备的维护与管理得到专家好评,为今后实验室仪器设备管理工作积累经验并提供借鉴     

Effects of bamboo charcoal and bamboo vinegar as antibiotic alternatives on growth performance,immune responses and fecal microflora population in fattening pigs

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of bamboo charcoal and bamboo vinegar as alternatives of antibiotics in the diet of fattening pigs and their influence on growth performance, immune responses and fecal microflora populations. Crossed pigs (n = 144, 79 kg body weight) were divided into 12 heads per pen, four diets and three replications. The basal diet (negative control: NC) was supplemented with 0.3% antibiotics (positive control: PC), 0.3% bamboo charcoal (BC) and 0.3% bamboo vinegar (BV). Average daily weight gain and feed efficiency were higher (P < 0.05) in PC, BC and BV. The concentration of lactate dehydrogenase and cortisol were lower (P < 0.05), but the concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA were higher (P < 0.05) in PC, BC and BV. Counts of coliform bacteria and Salmonella spp. were lower (P < 0.05), while the counts of fecal anaerobic total bacteria and lactic acid bacteria were higher (P < 0.05) in PC, BC and BV. A reasonable inclusion of bamboo charcoal or bamboo vinegar as antibiotics in the diet of fattening pigs leads to a better growth performance, immune responses and fecal microflora populations. The results of the present study suggest that bamboo charcoal or bamboo vinegar could be a potential additives in animal production as an alternative to antibiotics.     

Chlamydiaceae in riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and cows (Bos taurus) in Egypt with and without signs of reproductive disease

Abstract

AIMS: To obtain information and compare the prevalence of Chlamydiaceae in riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and cows (Bos taurus) in Egypt with and without clinical signs of reproductive disease.

METHODS: Vaginal swabs and blood samples were collected from animals attending Governmental Veterinary Clinics without (buffalo n=39, cows n=20) and with (buffalo n=63, cows n=53) signs of reproductive disease. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to Chlamydiaceae using complement fixation testing (CFT). Vaginal swabs were tested for Chlamydiaceae following inoculation into Vero cells and 6-day-old embryonated chicken eggs, using modified Giménez and immunoperoxidase staining, PCR analyses targeting the omp2 gene, and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism PCR (RFLP-PCR) for species identification.

RESULTS: Antibodies to Chlamydiaceae were detected in 30/39 (77%) and 50/63 (79%) buffalo without and with signs of reproductive disease, respectively, and 10/20 (50%) and 39/53 (74%) of cows with and without signs of reproductive disease, respectively. Positive samples from PCR analysis were identified in 31/39 (79%) and 37/63 (59%) buffalo without and with signs of reproductive disease, respectively, and 12/20 (60%) and 46/53 (89%) of cows without and with signs of reproductive disease, respectively. Using RFLP-PCR, 57/68 (84%) of samples from buffalo, and 47/58 (81%) from cows, were identified as Chlamydophila psittaci and the reminder as Cp. abortus. From the CFT and PCR results there was no significant difference in the prevalence of positive samples between species, or between animals without or with signs of reproductive disease.

CONCLUSION: The presence of anti-Chlamydiaceae antibodies in 77% of the animals with signs of reproductive disease and the detection of Chlamydiaceae in 72% of vaginal swabs of the animals suggest a pathogenic role by Chlamydiaceae in riverine buffalo and cows. The main Chlamydiaceae found in the genital tract of cattle in Egypt were Cp. psittaci and Cp. abortus.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Chlamydophila spp. should be included in diagnostic algorithms for reproductive disorders, in order to assess the real burden of Chlamydophila associated disease in buffalo and cattle and to evaluate the potential value of vaccines.     

NF-κB activation participates in the activated Akt signaling induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo

AIM: To explore whether NF-κB activation participates in the activated Akt signaling-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. METHODS: We used two in vivo models of cardiac hypertrophy, namely, aortic banding in Sprague-Dawley rats for 3 weeks and transgenic mice with cardiac specific expression of constitutively active Akt (caAkt). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to determine NF-κB binding activity with nuclear proteins extracted from heart tissues. Western blots were performed to examine the phosphorylation of Akt and phosphor-IκBα with appropriate specific anti-phospho antibodies. RESULTS: ① The heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio was significantly increased by 34.5% (P<0.01) in aortic banded 3 weeks rats compared to sham operated control. The level of phosphor-Akt in hypertrophic heart was significantly increased compared to sham operated control (P<0.01). ② The ratio of HW/BW in caAkt transgenic mice was significantly increased by 123.4% (P<0.01), compared to wild type control. NF-κB binding activity and the level of phospho-IκBα were also significantly increased in caAkt mice compared to wild type control (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: NF-κB activation participates in the activated Akt signaling-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo.     

天津山药种植模式初探

通过对天津宝坻山药进行高畦种植、平畦种植、低畦种植(对照)和打沟种植4种种植方式的试验比较,结果表明,打沟种植宝坻山药虽然块茎产品最长,产量较高,但由于产品畸形率较高,不适宜在该地区使用;相对于高畦种植宝坻山药来说,平畦种植和低畦种植的山药块茎产量较低、品质较差,不适宜使用;高畦种植是比较适宜的宝坻山药种植方式。     

日粮中添加富硒苜蓿草粉对大白鼠饲料利用效率的影响

通过在Wistar大白鼠的日粮中添加2%~10%的富硒苜蓿草粉,研究苜蓿草粉添加后大白鼠对饲料采食、消化、吸收和转化等方面的影响.结果表明:在大白鼠日粮中添加4%和6%的苜蓿草粉能够显著提高大白鼠的胃蛋白酶活力,降低饲料在胃内的残留率,增强小肠中饲料的推进,有利于加快饲料在胃和小肠内的消化和吸收,促进增重和饲料转化.当在大白鼠的基础日粮中添加6%的富硒苜蓿草粉,即日粮中硒含量为1.12 mg.kg-1时,大白鼠日增重为1.51 g.d-1,高于对照12.7%,料肉比为15.88,低于对照8.2%,饲料的转化率最佳.     

宁夏国家农业综合开发水土保持项目彰显强大生命力

宁夏自2003年启动实施国家农业综合开发水土保持项目以来,把水土流失综合治理与高效利用水资源及特色种植、种草养畜结合起来,全力打造示范工程和精品工程。截至2008年底,累计完成水土流失治理面积644.7 km2,各种措施每年可增加水源涵蓄能力2 092万m3,减少土壤流失242万t,年增产粮食1 401万kg,人均纯收入由治理前的1 156.5元提高到2 438.3元,全面提升了流域的治理水平、质量和效益,彰显出水土保持强大的生命力。     

沙冬青生物碱对MDCC-MSB1细胞增殖及细胞线粒体膜电位的影响

采用体外细胞培养技术、噻唑蓝(MTT)还原法、流式细胞技术检测梯度浓度沙冬青总生物碱对体外培养鸡马立克氏病肿瘤HDCC-MSB1细胞株的增殖抑制及对线粒体膜电位的影响。结果显示,沙冬青生物碱可显著抑制HDCC-MSB1细胞增殖,且这种抑制具有剂量和时间效应关系。经沙冬青生物碱作用的HDCC-MSB1细胞培养样本中有明显的DNA低含量颗粒(亚G1期峰),细胞周期各时相分布发生改变,细胞增殖在G1被阻滞。细胞线粒体膜电位(△Ψm)明显下降,也呈现出剂量和时间效应关系。结果表明,沙冬青生物碱对HDCC-MSB1细胞增殖有显著抑制效应,且抑制依赖于诱导HDCC-MSB1细胞线粒体膜电位(△Ψm)的下降,并进一步诱导了该细胞的凋亡。