食糜在矛尾复鰕虎鱼消化道排空速度及其营养含量的变化

选择规格一致、健康无病、初始体质量(43.42±0.75)g的矛尾复鳙虎鱼240尾,随机分到20个水族箱内,每箱12尾.饱食量投喂鲜杂鱼.然后不同时间取样,测定胃、前肠、中肠、后肠内容物的质量及其粗蛋白、脂肪和水分含量,探讨食糜在矛尾复鰕虎鱼消化道排空速度及其营养含量的变化.试验结果表明,矛尾复鰕虎鱼在刚摄食后胃内容物达到最大值,并随着时间的延长减少,至22 h排空为0.线性回归模型能较好地用来模拟食糜在胃中的变化;食糜在前肠、中肠和后肠出现的时间分别为摄食后1、3 h和4 h.达到最大值的时间分别为摄食后12、9 h和10 h.试验结束时(投喂后26 h)前肠、中肠和后肠仍有剩余食糜.食糜中粗蛋白和脂肪含量在胃、前肠、中肠、后肠逐渐降低,但胃中粗脂肪含量高于食糜中的含量,而粗蛋白含量低于食糜中含量.     

乌苏里江黑斑狗鱼种群生态学特征的研究

本报道乌苏里江名贵冷水鱼类黑斑狗鱼种群生态学。通过158尾样品测定，对其形态学特征、捕捞群体的体长体重组成、年龄与生长、生殖力、性比、初始性成熟、成熟系数、肥满度、摄食等生态学特征进行研究，并提出其资源繁殖保护措施。     

皱纹盘鲍幼鲍室内越冬阶段电剥离技术的研究

对室内越冬幼鲍进行５种不同方式的剥离实验,以电剥离与温差刺激相结合的方式为最佳,单一使用温差刺激的剥离效果最差,酒精麻醉等其余３种幼鲍剥离方式的效果无显著差异。     

乌苏里江大麻哈鱼的溯河生殖群体结构

1996年9月10日～10月10日于乌苏里江大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchusketa)生殖群体中随机取样904尾,研究其年龄与生长、体长体重组成、生殖力、成熟系数及肥满度等主要群体结构特征,并与历年群体进行比较分析。结果表明,1996年的生殖群体主要由2 ～4 龄个体组成,其中,3 龄大麻哈鱼占数量优势(743%),该年龄中的雌性数量多于雄性。雌性的性成熟年龄为3龄,而雄性更早些。在1 ～3 龄期间,雄、雌鱼的生长率相近,但达到4 龄时,雄性生长快于雌性。该生殖群体的个体体长平均为(640±296)cm,其中,60～65cm体长的个体占数量优势(315%),个体体重平均为(34±058)kg其中,3～4kg体重的个体占数量优势(442%)。计算表明,生殖群体的体重与体长呈显著相关。在55例雌性样品中,绝对生殖力为2296～6380粒,相对生殖力为03～160粒/g。绝对生殖力与鱼龄、体长、体重增长分别存在线性关系。雄性成熟系数为249～929,雌性为100～3316。这说明雄性成熟系数随体重增加而减少。雌性肥满度为09～101,雄性为102～117,说明肥满度随体长的增加而增加。     

海口市水产养殖业现状及发展对策

本文主要概述了海口市水产养殖的现状,结合海口市水产养殖的实际情况和养殖优势,提出今后发展水产养殖的思路和对策。     

Effects of different arginine/lysine level on growth performance,body composition and digestive enzyme activity of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Given the universal presence of antagonism between arginine and lysine, determining the optimal dietary arginine/lysine level is of great importance. In this study, eight diets were formulated to contain different arginine/lysine level, followed by a 9‐week feeding trial with shrimps of 2.10 ± 0.01 cm in length and 0.38 ± 0.02 g in weight to determine the effect of dietary arginine/lysine level on growth performance, body composition and enzyme activity. The results showed that the Diet 6 (arginine/lysine level of 29.4/21.0 g/kg) group had significantly higher weight gain rate, and specific growth rate than the control group and most of the other groups (p < .05) did. Similarly, the retention efficiency of arginine and lysine in the Diet 6 group was significantly higher than the control group and most of the other groups (p < .05). Moreover, most digestive enzymes had higher activity levels in the Diet 6 group, and evident antagonism between dietary arginine and lysine was detected. In summary, dietary arginine/lysine level of 29.4/21.0 g/kg produced the best growth performance, suggesting that a better growth performance in Macrobrachium rosenbergii culture can be obtained by adjusting the dietary arginine/lysine level.     

真鲷窒息点与耗氧率的初步测定

真鲷(Pagrosomus major T and S)是广东及其他各省市沿海海水网箱养殖的主要鱼类之一。随着真鲷人工繁殖和苗种培育的成功,真鲷养殖业将会有一个更大的发展。夫于鱼类的窒息点与耗氧率的研究早有不少,但是对真鲷除个别学者提及其窒息点外,真正对其窒息点与耗氧率的系统研究尚未见到。为了绘其鲷的人工繁殖、苗种培育、运输和成鱼养殖提供呼吸生理方面的理论依据,笔者于1990年春对真鲷的窒息点和耗氧率进行了初步测定,就不同规格大小的苗种及备种外界条件与窒息点和耗氧率之间的关系进行了初步探讨。     

Ascorbate levels and the activity of key enzymes in ascorbate biosynthesis and recycling in the leaves of 22 Chinese persimmon cultivars

The objective of this study was to determine diversities of ascorbic acid (AsA) and activities of enzymes involved in AsA metabolism, and to determine their relationships to AsA content in the leaves of Chinese persimmon (Diospyros kaki) cultivars. Results showed that there were huge differences not only in the contents of AsA and glutathione (GSH) but also in the enzyme activities of l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH, EC 1.3.2.3), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, EC 1.6.5.4), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) in the leaves of 22 Chinese persimmon cultivars. Control of AsA levels mainly depended on the capacity for biosynthesis and GLDH activity played a main role in determining AsA levels in the leaves of persimmon. Both MDHAR and DHAR, MDHAR in particular, also played an important role in maintaining AsA redox state by reducing oxidized AsA back to AsA. But contents of GSH and hydrogen peroide (H₂O₂) and activity of APX were not significantly correlated with AsA content in the leaves of persimmon.     

早熟南瓜新品种甘香栗的选育

甘香栗是以自交系03B811为母本,以03C417为父本配制而成的印度南瓜一代杂种。植株蔓生,生长势强;早熟,第1雌花节位 为第9～11节,从开花到果实成熟40 d（天）左右;果形扁圆,果皮深绿色带浅绿色条纹,果面光滑亮泽;果肉橙黄色,肉厚3.2 cm左右 ,肉质致密,口感甜面,粉质度高,具板栗香味,品质极佳。单果质量1.5 kg左右,每667 m²产量一般为2 000～2 500 kg,适宜春露地及 保护地栽培。     

长江流域大棚苦瓜提早栽培技术

长江流域冬春季节阴雨冰冻天气多,日照不足,棚内温度低,湿度高,灰霉病严重,反季栽培技术难度大,以至南方大棚难以推广和利用。如果环境调控得当,加上合理的技术,则可以比露地提早半个月上市,获得较好的经济效益。